The Red Buddha Pagoda, also known as Wangcheng Pagoda, is located in an abandoned temple in the southeast of Wangcheng Village, Panchang Township, Helan County, Yinchuan City, more than 20 kilometers away from Yinchuan. About 9 kilometers east of Helan County. National key cultural relics protection units.
The Red Pagoda was built in the late Xixia period (1190-1227). Brick-built three-story octagonal eaves-covered bowl-covered combined building with a tower height of 28.29 meters (or 28.34 meters). The lower part of the tower is the dense eaves tower body. Each floor has overlapping brick eaves, a bucket arch under the eaves, a square wood hanging wind chimes at the corners, and a shutter door at the bottom. The upper part of the tower is a Lama brick tower with a covered bowl, the lower part is folded in a cross shape, there is a porch on all sides, and the upper part is covered with a bowl. Tasha is a building with dense eaves and a bowl cover. This tower is unique in shape and simple in style, which is rare in China.
According to the actual measurement, the bottom diameter of the Red Buddha Tower is10.65,438+0 m, and the residual height is 28.29 m, of which the eaves-type part height is 15.73m and the lama-type part height is12.56 m..
The dense eaves of the Red Buddha Pagoda are divided into three layers, and each layer consists of the tower body, the eaves and the flat seats. There are no doors and windows on the second and third floors except a ticket door with a width of 0.98 meters and a height of about 2 meters on the south wall on the first floor. The height of the three layers decreases from bottom to top, the first layer is 6.7 1m, the second layer is 4.58m, and the third layer is 4.44m, and the layers are collected accordingly. The structure of the three-story tower is basically the same. Before the maintenance, the tower sank and tilted, and the first floor was repaired in many places by later generations. The supporting wall was built in the northern part, and the south wall was decorated in the Qing Dynasty, which was not the original appearance. The pastels on the second and third floors often fall off, but the masonry is the original structure.
The second-floor tower height 1.39 m, eaves height 1.3 1 m, and flat seat height 1.88 m. The surface of the tower is covered with lime and grass mud, and there are painted murals on it, but they are vague. From the remaining part, it is faintly visible that the windows and doors are separated, and the lines are mostly painted in green. The upper end of the tower is made of brick, with brick carving columns under it and brick carving buckets on it. There are two flowers in the corner of the bucket, which is a bucket with three Cimicifuga leaves. Red and green are painted on the bucket, and flowers are painted on the wall between the arches. The top of the bucket supports the eaves of the tower, and ten skins and six skins are stacked on the eaves. The stacked bricks are all edged with red and green, and the water chestnut teeth are alternately painted with red, green and blue. Above the eaves of the tower, a flat Fang is made first, and a three-leaf bucket is carved on the Fang, with two patches in one corner. A flat seat is supported on the bucket, and the flat seat is a brick railing. Wooden corner beams are installed at the corner of the tower eaves, but most of them are in tatters.
The upper part of the three-story dense eaves tower of the Red Buddha Pagoda is a complete bowl-shaped tower with cross-folded corners, which consists of three parts: tower foundation, tower body and tower brake. The tower foundation is 3.64 meters high and 8.57 meters in bottom diameter, and it is a three-layer cross-folded angle shape, which is a little bit. The tower is 7.53 meters high and 7.36 meters in bottom diameter. It is a circular belt with shoulders, and the upper part of the belt is obviously retracted. The tower brake was destroyed, leaving only two layers of circular phase wheels.
The plane of the tower room is octagonal. From the bottom of the dense eaves tower to the middle of the bowl-shaped tower, it is 23.5 meters high and 5.48 meters in waist diameter. It is an octagonal cone with a folding cover.
The Red Buddha Pagoda has no pedestal, and its body is directly built on rammed soil foundation. The foundation is 1.5m thick and compacted with seven layers of yellow clay and six layers of construction waste. Each layer of loess is about 15 cm thick, and each layer of construction waste is 6 ~ 8 cm thick.
Bricks used to build towers are basically square bricks and strip bricks. The specifications of square bricks are mostly 37 cm× 37 cm× 6.5 cm. Most of the bricks have palm prints on the back, and some are checkered bricks. Bricks are generally 37 cm× 18 cm× 6.5 cm, and some bricks have palm prints on the back. The Hua Tower of Guanghui Temple in the Jin Dynasty in Zhengding County, Hebei Province, has a pavilion tower on the lower three floors and a cylindrical bowl-covered tower on the upper part, which is unique in shape and richly decorated.
Compared with Huata, although the upper and lower parts of the Red Pagoda are different in shape, their basic practices are strikingly similar. The Red Pagoda is another masterpiece of ancient Tallinn in China.
1985 10, The Red Pagoda was announced by Helan County People's Government as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units at the county level.
1988 1 Yinchuan Helan Hongfu Tower was announced by the autonomous region as the second batch of district-level key cultural relics protection units.
June 20 13, Yinchuan Helan Red Pagoda was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Yinchuan Helan Red Buddha Pagoda
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