Please refer to. Duke Jinping asked Shi Kuang, "What is the way to be a gentleman?" Right: "the way of a gentleman is pure and inaction, serving fraternity and tending to benevolence;" Open your eyes and ears to see everything; Don't indulge in customs, don't be bound by left and right; Broad-minded and independent; Repeatedly save performance appraisal, in order to give the minister face.
So is this man's fuck. "Gong Ping said," good! Qi Xuanwang called Yin Wen and said, "What about the people and the king?" ? "Yin Wen said to him," people can tolerate things without doing anything.
Things are easy to follow, and the law is easy to cause; Therefore, the people do not commit crimes. The avenue can accommodate many people, and the virtue can accommodate it; There are few saints and the world is reasonable.
The book says:' Rui is sacred'. The poet said,' If you have a trip to a foreign country, your children and grandchildren will protect you!' "Wang Zhuan said," good! King Cheng called Duke Bochin Lu and said to him, "Do you know the way to be a man?" Anyone who holds an important position will be respectful and respectful, and if he goes to Shunde to remonstrate, he will open the door of speaking out and will be quiet to borrow it. The admonisher should not use force to intimidate or criticize his words, but adopt his words, which is a considerable choice.
The husband has no arms, no power, no arms and no words, people are afraid of not kissing, both civil and military, and Wade succeeds; The people obey, the innocent get on the bus, the wise get off the bus, the remonstrators get on the bus, and the faithful are animals. "Bird worship was ordered to resign again.
Chen Linggong said, "Chen Qi is dead! I suddenly admonished you, and you lost your dignity if you didn't listen to me. Under the influence of my husband, grass is still popular, the east wind is the west grass, the west wind is the east grass, and the grass is the grass in the wind, so be careless.
It is evil to bend trees and bend trees, and it is evil to do what you don't say, it is evil to disrespect what you say, it is evil to fail to protect the name of the emperor, and it is evil to hang on to the name. One said,' a husband and a gentleman live in his room, but a good word should be thousands of miles away. How is his condition? Living in your own room, making bad remarks, thousands of miles away, is a violation. What's the situation? Words come from the body and are added to the people; The line is far from you, and it is far from you.
The cardinal of a gentleman's words and deeds, the hair of the cardinal, and the Lord of honor and disgrace, can a gentleman casually move heaven and earth? Heaven and earth move, and everything changes. The poem says, "When Er Shen speaks, he respects your dignity without exception.
This is also called. This gentleman is not cautious but reckless, and he will die if he dies. "
Gong Ling heard about it and killed it as a myth, only to seek comfort. Lu Aigong asked Confucius, "I heard that gentlemen are not knowledgeable, so what?" Confucius said, "Yes."
Ai Gong said, "Why not be rich?" Confucius said to him, "Because it has twice." Ai Gong said, "If it is twice as much, why not be rich?" Confucius said to him, "Do evil."
Sad for the public, but also afraid of it. There is a saying: "If it is a gentleman's way!" Confucius said to him, "If you can't do evil, you can't do good." If you can't do good, then people's relatives can't do anything. "
As the poem says,' If you don't see a gentleman, you will worry about it. If you don't see him, stop him. My heart says.' So is the beauty of poetry.
Aigong said, "Good! I smell the beauty of an adult gentleman, not the evil of an adult. Confucius Wei, how can I smell it? " Hejian presented the king, saying, "Yao feels the world, and he feels the poor even more. He repented of Wan's sin and worried about the decline of all beings.
If a person is hungry, then I am hungry; If a person is cold, then I am cold; If a citizen is guilty, then I am trapped. Renyi Li, Deguang; Therefore, there is no reward for people's persuasion and no punishment for people's governance.
Forgive before you teach. It's Yao Dao. There are Miao people who refuse to accept it at the right time. The reason why they refuse to accept it is because the mountain is in the south and the temple mountain is in the north. The wave of left Dongting, the river of right Lipeng; Therefore, it is dangerous, so I refuse to accept it. Yu wanted to cut it, but Shun refused. He said,' I haven't exhausted my teachings yet, but I must study them. If the Miao family demands it, it is not the righteousness of Yu, but the virtue of Shun.
Duke Zhou practiced the position of the son of heaven, which was far from that of the Ming Dynasty. Twelve shepherds and Fang raised the people far away, hungry and cold, with no food and clothing. The prison proceedings were negligent, and they were talented but didn't raise them. In the imperial court, they said, "I don't like politics!" There are people who are hungry, people who are dereliction of duty in prison proceedings, and people who don't support talents? "When his monarch came back, he called the doctor in his country and told him what the son of heaven said. Hearing this, everyone was very happy and said, "This is a sincere son of heaven! I will not be deceived when I see my wisdom, because I am far-reaching! "Therefore, grazing four doors, four eyes bright, four wisdom, make the near near, far away. The poem says, "You can be gentle and far away, so you can decide my king. "This is what it means.
Hejian offered the king: "Yu said that the people have no food, so I can't make it; I can't persuade others to succeed; Therefore, dredging the river and guiding it, chiseling the river and nine factions, sprinkling five lakes and setting the East China Sea, the people are also tired, and those who don't complain, benefit the people. " Come out to see the sinner, get off the bus and cry. He said, "The husband and the sinner didn't stop, so what happened? Why did the king suffer so much? " Yu Yue said, "Yao Shun's people all take Yao Shun's heart as their heart; Now that I am king, the people have their hearts and are based on pain. "
The book says, "If the people are guilty, they should give it to one person." The Yu people and the Rui hostages became the king of literature, entered the realm of the king of literature, and saw their own people give way to literati; When you do as the Romans do, you will see your scholar-officials become officials; The two countries said to each other, "The people of the two countries gave way to literati, and the literati of the two countries gave way to officials, but later their monarch also gave way to the world, instead of living in the world."
The two countries did not see Wen Wang's body, but let him argue that he was idle. Confucius said, "What a great thing it was written in Wang Zhidao! Can't add! Change without moving, do nothing, be respectful and enjoy yourself. "
So the book says, "Only King Wen keeps a respectful distance from others." This is also called.
Cheng Wanghe lived in Yan's house, cut off the plane leaves as a symbol of grace and gave them to him, saying, "I am here to seal you." Tang Shuyu happily told the Duke of Zhou who invited him, "Is the son of heaven a danger?" Wang Cheng said, "It is also."
Duke Zhou said to him, "I heard it, but the son of heaven was not joking." What I said is recorded in the history books, and what I read is called by scholars. " Therefore, Tang Shuyu was appointed to the Jin Dynasty, and Zhou Gongdan was a good talker. Once called Wang Yi, he emphasized the meaning of loving his brother, which was solid for the royal family.
When Yao was in power, Shun was Stuart, Qi was Sima, Yu was Yong, Hou Ji was Tian Chou, Wei Xiao was a teacher, Bo Yi was a rank clan, and Dali benefited from driving away birds. Therefore, Yao's physical strength was not skillful, Yao was the king, and the nine sons were ministers. Why? Yao knows nine posts, so that the nine sons are influenced by them, all of which are better than their posts, achieving nine achievements, and Yao is the king of the world.
2. The answer to the classical Chinese reading of "Governing the Country and Reliving the People" Original: In the nine years of Zhenguan, Taizong said that the courtiers said: "In the early days, the capital was flat, and there were few beautiful women in the palace, and there was no dissatisfaction in the courtyard. Yang-ti's intentions are still unfinished, and he does not seek merit. His belligerence and people's poverty led to his demise. This is what I saw. So, I work hard at night, but I want to be clean, so there is nothing in the world. Therefore, the corvee is not prosperous and the people are happy. Governing a country is like planting a tree. Roots do not shake, branches and leaves flourish. If it can be clean, how can the people be uneasy? "
Interpretation: governance: governance; An: Diazepam. Administer the country and the people.
In the ninth year of Zhenguan (the title of Li Shimin), Emperor Taizong said to the guards, "Before (Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty) just made the capital, the palace was full of beautiful women and antiques. However, Emperor Yang Di was still not satisfied and kept asking. At the same time, the people couldn't stand it, which led to the demise of the Sui Dynasty. I (the emperor claimed) witnessed all this with my own eyes, so I worked hard day and night, hoping that I would be innocent and wise and make the world peaceful. Therefore, the military service system can not prevail, and the grain harvest is bumper every year, and the people live and work in peace and contentment. Governing a country is like planting a tree. A few don't sway, and the branches are flourishing. If the monarch is wise, how can people be unhappy? "
3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete 79. D.
10.A
1 1.C
12.( 1) As far as Enze's prestige is concerned, the situation of foreigners coming from afar to pay tribute is incomparable in the early years of Zhenguan. (4 points, 65,438+0 is divided into "plus", "compared with the beginning of Zhenguan", "grade", and 65,438+0 is divided into fluent sentences)
(2) No death penalty shall be imposed according to law, and unlimited heavier punishment is not allowed. (2 points, 1 point is "method" and "inability" respectively)
(3) People suffer from not being aware of their own faults. When you didn't speak just now, I thought what I did hadn't changed. After listening to your analysis, my mistake is surprising enough. (4 points, 65,438+0 points for "suffering from unconsciousness", "going" and "going", 65,438+0 points for fluent sentence meaning)
9. judge.
10. It all means "because". Item b, the front table is followed, and the back table is progressive; The former is the preposition "zai" and the latter is the preposition "dui"; Item D is a pronoun, which stands for "everyone", and the latter is an auxiliary word, which is used between the subject and the predicate to cancel the independence of the sentence.
1 1. Emperor Taizong wanted to kill Liu Xiong, not Daizhou.
12.( 1) "Plus", "Compared with the beginning of Zhenguan" and "Grade" each have 1 minute, meaning 1 minute.
(2) The scores of "Law" and "Incapacity" are 1.
⑶ "bitter unconsciousness", "thinking" and "seeing" 1 minute, and the sentences are fluent 1 minute.
Reference translation:
In the eleventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said to Wei Zhi, "Is what I have done recently better than before in terms of gains and losses and political consciousness?" Wei Zhi replied: "As far as the prestige of grace is concerned, the situation that foreigners come from afar to pay tribute can't be compared with the early years of Zhenguan. If you are morally connected with the people in secret, and the people are happy and convinced, it is far from the early years of Zhenguan. " Taizong said: "People from afar should come to surrender out of virtue of benevolence and righteousness. Why have past achievements become greater? " Wei Zhi said: "In the past, when the world was unstable, we often remembered virtue and justice. Soon, because of national security, we gradually increased our arrogance and complacency. Therefore, although Deyi achieved great success, it never kept up with the early years of Zhenguan. " Taizong also said, "What's the difference between what you did before?" Wei Zhi said: "In the early years of Zhenguan, I was worried that others would not talk, so I led everyone to give advice. Three years later, when I saw someone giving me advice, I was happy to adopt and listen. In the last year or two, I don't like suggestions from others. Although I try my best to listen and accept, I am always unhappy. It is really embarrassing. " Taizong said, "In what ways?" Wei Zhi replied: "Lawyer Yuan was sentenced to death in the early days of his accession to the throne. Sun advised:' There is no need to sentence him to death according to law, and the law should not be severely punished without restraint. "Your majesty gave him Princess Lanling's garden, worth ten thousand yuan. Some people say,' What Sun said is general, and the reward is too generous.' Your majesty said at that time,' since I took the throne, no one has made any suggestions, so I gave him a reward.' This is to guide everyone to remonstrate. Liu Xiong, the manager of Xuzhou, proudly and slowly paid wages to the people left behind by the Sui Dynasty. When someone accused him, His Majesty ordered Liu Xiong to turn himself in, and if he didn't confess, he would be convicted. Liu Xiong has always insisted that it was handled according to the facts, but refused to admit it. When Dali Temple discovers Liu Xiong's fraud, it will put Liu Xiong to death. Shao Qing Dai Zhou said that according to the law, he should only be sentenced to imprisonment. Your Majesty said, "I have tried Liu Xiong and should only be sentenced to death. Dai Zhou said:' Since your Majesty thinks what I said is wrong, please hand me over to the judicial department immediately. Crime does not deserve to die, and torture cannot be used indiscriminately. "Your majesty was very angry and sent someone to kill Liu Xiong. Dai Zhou persisted for four or five times, and then pardoned Liu Xiong. So he said to the people in the judicial department,' As long as you can uphold the rule of law for me, are you still afraid of abusing punishment to kill foreigners? This is to accept the advice gladly. A few years ago, Cheng Huangfude of Shaanxi County wrote a letter that violated the will of the Holy Father, which your Majesty considered to be slander. As I said last time, writing letters is not intense or urgent, and it can't inspire the will of the monarch. Intense and urgent are similar to slander. At that time, although I listened to my words and gave twenty kinds of goods, I felt very uncomfortable and it was difficult to accept suggestions. Taizong said, "Indeed, no one can say such a thing except you. Everyone suffers from not being able to find their own shortcomings. When you didn't say it just now, I thought what I did hadn't changed. After listening to your comments, my mistake is amazing. As long as you keep such loyalty, I won't go against your words after all. "
4. In the nineteenth year of Zhenguan's study, the answer was Zhenguan. In the nineteenth year, Taizong recruited Korea and went to the second Dingzhou, where he was comforted by the North Gate of Yuzhou Emperor.
A soldier is ill and can't go in. Call him to bed and ask him what's wrong with him, but he still asks to see a doctor in the county, and the soldiers are willing to follow him. The army returned to Liucheng, collected the bones of the deceased before and after the war, set up a sacrifice, and cried face to face, and all the soldiers shed tears.
The soldiers who watched the sacrifice went home and said to their parents, "My son's loss made him cry and died without complaint." Emperor Taizong invaded Liaodong and attacked Bai Yancheng. Li Simo, the right-back general, was captured by Liu Ya, and the emperor's relatives drank blood. The soldiers were emotional.
(Selected from Zhenguan politicians) In the nineteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong personally marched into North Korea and settled in Dingzhou. Whenever soldiers arrived, Emperor Taizong would go to the north gate to comfort them. At that time, a soldier accompanying him was seriously ill and could not enter. Emperor Taizong's imperial edict carried him to bed, asked about his illness, and ordered the medical officers in various counties to treat him well.
So there are no soldiers who don't want to go out with Taizong. When the army returned to Liucheng, it ordered the collection of the bones of the soldiers who died before and after, and set up a grand memorial.
Emperor Taizong personally offered sacrifices and wept for the dead, and the soldiers of the whole army wept bitterly. The soldiers who watched the sacrifice returned to their hometown and told the parents of the deceased. Their parents said, "Our son died in battle, and the son of heaven mourned for him. There is no regret for his death.
"Emperor Taizong conquered Liaodong and attacked Bai Yancheng. Li Simo, the right-back general, was shot by random arrows. Emperor Taizong personally drew blood for him to stop bleeding. Men are not moved and encouraged by this. The second Dingzhou: stationed (marching or marching), the son of heaven cried and died without hatred: unfortunately, the soldiers were willing to follow.
Therefore, no soldier is unwilling to follow. Therefore, no soldier is unwilling to go out with the car. )
What have you written about Emperor Taizong? What kind of king can you see from this? Visit the north gate of the city to comfort the soldiers: ask the soldiers for illness before going to bed, and ask the counties to treat them (just answer one correctly); Personally pay homage to the fallen soldiers; Feeding Morris. (Answer two points correctly and get 1 point; Answer four points correctly and get two points; Answer one point correctly, no points will be deducted). You are kind, compassionate and good at winning people's hearts (65,438+0 points).
(If you answer one point correctly, you get one point; If your meaning is correct, you will get a score. ).
5. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions (1). The meaning of this sentence is: "In the past, Wei Wendi made an imperial decree:' When the emperor dies, the queen shall not be in charge of state affairs.' Why should your majesty give it to the queen when he is still alive? This world is not your majesty's. Your majesty wants to keep the ancestral hall of the Li family and pass it on to future generations. He should not give the country to others, so his clan will be abolished. ""what can your majesty do now? " , translated into "why is your majesty now? ",is a complete sentence, so exclude AB," ... not ... ",sentence. Sentences, fixed sentence patterns, so. " Gradually ",seriously ill; The first emperor took it and soon became seriously ill. The doctors don't know what to do. Ministers demanded that monks be killed in public. Some people think that doing so will be teased by Yi Di. "Trouble fee", trouble and waste; "Imperial edict, there is an imperial edict reward;" Stop "and push it away. The entrusting minister said, "If you don't do anything beneficial to the country while you are alive, don't waste it when you are dead. I hope that when the emperor gives a letter, he will (completely) push it off. "Answer: (1)C(2)C(3)D (4)① The first emperor took it. I'm too lazy to waste it when I'm dead. I hope all the imperial edicts will be given away. " Hao, a native of Anlu, Anzhou, lost his father at the age of ten. His father's former officials sent thousands of exquisite silks as funerary objects, but Chu Jun refused to accept them. When he grew up, he was eager to learn, and he especially liked Hanshu, which he usually memorized. During the Zhenguan period, it was very respectful to serve uncles. The court called him as the secretary of the prince to negotiate, and he was gradually promoted to assistant minister of the official department. When North Korea defected, the emperor appointed Yongjiangdao as general manager and Vivi as deputy general manager. When the army reached the thief's territory, the thief suddenly attacked and the whole army was in a panic. At that time, he was reclining on Hu's bed. He is a fat man, and it is safe to sit and eat. Everyone thinks he has courage. Hao was appointed assistant minister of Dongtai when he entered the DPRK. At that time, monk Lu Jiayi could make an alchemist, which was said to prolong life. The emperor intended to take it, but Hao warned: "Life span is determined by heaven, and foreign drugs cannot be taken rashly. The first emperor ordered the monk Rona Mayer to refine the secret medicine according to the formula, take the strange stone and refine it for one year. " The ministers demanded that the monks be publicly executed (publicly displayed). Some people thought that this would be teased by Yidi, so it was not implemented. The lesson from the past is not far away, please think deeply. "The emperor took his advice. In the late Yuan Dynasty and early years, Emperor Gaozong held a grand banquet in Xiangluan Pavilion. At that time, the music performance teams of Chixian and Taichang were friends, and the emperor ordered Yong to learn from them, while Zhou learned from Peng. I'm worried that children will cheat. Now the two kings are still very young, and their will and morality have not yet been finalized. Let them get together, form a party and brag about each other. This is not the way to teach righteousness, show kindness and harmony. "The emperor immediately stopped and sighed:" Chu Jun is far-sighted and can't be compared with ordinary officials. " The emperor was ill and wanted to abdicate to the marquis of Wu. Hao advised him. The world is not your own. Your Majesty wants to preserve the ancestral hall of the Li family and pass it on to future generations. You shouldn't give up your country to others, so your clan will be destroyed. "The succession will be forgotten. In the first year of Yao Kai (68 1), he died at the age of 75. The emperor lamented his faithfulness, mourned for him along the gate, paid homage to the small prison, and sent 800 pieces of mourning silks. Officials arranged his funeral. His son Hao Beicuo went to politely decline many times, but the emperor wouldn't listen. Pei Yan told the emperor: "When Chu Jun was dying, the entrusted minister said,' Don't waste your life. If the emperor has an imperial edict, I hope to get rid of it all.' "The emperor was very sad after hearing this, and only gave it to him in return for his wish.