Interpretation: check your thoughts and actions, and check for mistakes. Introspection is a professional vocabulary in introspective psychology, which means recalling one's past psychological activities. In reflective psychology, "reflection" is a symmetrical concept with "memory". Our recall, extraction and reproduction of external events and information is called "recall", while the recall, extraction and reproduction of internal psychological events, psychological activities and psychological phenomena is called "introspection". The theory of psychological duality tells us that human memory is binary, which can not only remember (store and extract) external events and information, but also remember internal psychological events, psychological phenomena and psychological activity information. The former is called "external memory" and the latter is called "internal memory". What we usually call "meta-memory", "consciousness" and "tongue tip phenomenon" belong to internal memory. Human memory activities include storage and retrieval. The extraction in external memory activity is "memory" and the extraction in internal memory activity is "reflection". Many psychological phenomena that occur in our hearts will disappear forever if they are not reflected in time and transferred to the long-term memory bank. Therefore, reflection is an important means to obtain psychological phenomena (except appearances, psychological statistics, psychological experiments, oral reports, etc.), the starting point of psychological research and an important psychological research method. Most ancient philosophers used reflection to study psychology.
Psychological phenomena are obtained through introspection, and then these psychological phenomena are processed, from which psychological laws are drawn, that is, psychological black boxes are opened. People's psychology is binary, and people's memory has both external memory and internal memory. Once psychological phenomena occur, they will be automatically recorded by the internal memory system. Therefore, as long as we reflect in time, we can grasp fleeting psychological phenomena, transform them from short-term memory into long-term memory materials, and process psychological laws from them. On the contrary, many people's psychological activities are not manifested externally, and they cannot be observed at all through external observation. More importantly, people's psychological phenomenon also has an important feature-fear of being observed. Once you find yourself being observed, it will deform or even disappear (for example, when you are reading or thinking, once you find someone observing yourself, the original reading and thinking activities will be disturbed, that is, changed).
Of course, a person can only get the information of his own psychological phenomenon through reflection, but can't get the information of others' psychological phenomenon, which can also be said to be a limitation of "reflection method" However, this does not mean that reflective research methods can't draw psychological laws with universal application significance, because many psychological activities and psychological phenomena of people are similar. Just as Confucius said, "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", Lao Tzu said, "Look at yourself, your home, your hometown, your country, your country and the world. How do I know the world is natural? So "(see" Lao Tzu "chapter 54). Therefore, through reflective research, it is possible to draw psychological laws applicable to all mankind. Of course, if we can combine external observation, psychological investigation, psychological experiment and other objective research methods at the same time to obtain more extensive information about psychological phenomena, then it is easy to get the correct psychological laws applicable to all mankind.
Many philosophers and psychologists at home and abroad attach great importance to the application of "reflective research methods". Descartes (1596- 1650), a modern French philosopher, thinks that "the knowledge of psychology is direct, so we don't need to rely on external observation, but only with the help of self-observation ("introspection "-the author's note) can we gain insight into the inner world of consciousness". Locke (1632- 1704), a modern British philosopher and educator, believes that "experience can be divided into two types: (1) external experience, which directly comes from feeling and is an idea produced by people's mind directly observing external things; (2) Internal experience, which comes from introspection, is an idea that people's minds turn inward to examine their psychological activities. Feeling is a necessary condition for reflection-everything presented in human consciousness can be reflected. " Brentano (1838- 19 17), a german philosopher, psychologist and founder of the school of mind transformation, thinks that: "The source of psychology is based on our inner perception of our own psychological phenomena. We don't know how to think, judge ... courage or disappointment, desire or disgust ... if we don't understand them through inner perception. Inner perception is the basic and main source of psychological phenomena. One of the characteristics of internal perception is that it can never be transformed into internal perception. Inner perception is a reflection of psychological activities and their changes that have just passed and are still fresh in memory. Wolff (1679-1754), a modern German philosopher and psychologist, also clearly pointed out in his psychological masterpieces "Empirical Psychology" and "Rational Psychology" that "introspection" (reflection and speculation-author's note) is a truly effective method to study internal experience. " Pan Wei (1897- 1988), a famous psychologist in China and former director of the Institute of Psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, also thinks that "self-observation should be the main method of psychological research". Preface to Liu Fu: "Although my friends who love me encouraged me in this way, the result prompted me to seriously reflect." Zou Taofen's Bright Future and Difficult Process: "We should not forget the past, but learn from the future. This is what we should deeply reflect on. " In the fourth and fifth chapters of Biography of luliang heroes, Ma Feng Xi Rong said, "Lao Wu introspected, and several old people were moved to tears. "
Recall your thoughts and actions and check for mistakes: pause ~.
It is easy to see others, but difficult to see yourself. Peter Ballard
People who can reflect on themselves will not be vulgar. -Browning (UK)
I am my greatest enemy and the cause of my unfortunate fate. -Napoleon (France)
As long as you find yourself on the side of most people, it's time to stop and reflect. Mark Wynn Gardner (USA)
The reason why a person can make continuous progress is that he can constantly reflect on himself, find out his own shortcomings or inadequacies, then constantly correct them, and do things with a perfect attitude, so as to achieve success one after another.
Dickens, a famous British novelist, has excellent works. However, he made a rule for himself, that is, things that have not been carefully examined will never be easily read to the public. Dickens read what he wrote every day, found problems every day, and then corrected them constantly until he read it to the public six months later.
Similarly, the French novelist Balzac will spend some time revising the novel after writing it, until it is finalized. This process often takes months or even years. It is this attitude of constant self-reflection and self-correction that makes these two writers achieve extraordinary achievements.
Ceng Zi said: "I want to save myself three times a day, but I am not loyal to others." Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? "
On one occasion, Ceng Zi told his student Xiangzi what courage was and quoted Confucius directly. He said, "Do you like being brave? I once heard Confucius say what is the greatest courage: self-reflection, justice is not on my side, even if the other person is an ordinary person, I will not intimidate them; Self-reflection, justice is on my side, even if the other side is overwhelmed, I will go forward bravely. "
In fact, everyone should hold a self-reflection and self-correction attitude when doing things, and realize their good wishes with constant pursuit. A person who is good at self-reflection can often find out his own advantages and disadvantages, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and give full play to his greatest potential; And a person who is not good at self-reflection will make the same mistakes again and again and cannot give full play to his ability.
There was a young man who entered a very ordinary company after graduating from college. The company arranges new employees to start at the grassroots level. Other new employees are complaining: "Why do we have to do these boring jobs?" "What is the hope of doing this ordinary job?" The young man said nothing. He conscientiously does every job assigned by the leader every day, and also helps other employees to do some of the most basic and tiring work. Because of his correct attitude, he often does things faster and better. What is more commendable is that the young man is a very caring person. He made a detailed record of his work and recorded all the mistakes. Then, he modestly asked the old staff for advice. Because of his good attitude and popularity, everyone is happy to teach him. After a year of tempering, the young man mastered all the essentials of grass-roots work and was soon promoted to workshop director; Another year later, he became the department manager. Other employees who went in with him were still complaining at the grassroots level.
Everyone can do some ordinary things, including ordinary work. At this time, if he just complains about others or the environment, he can't do it seriously and can't succeed. If a person is willing to put himself in an ordinary post, regard himself as the key to change, constantly reflect on himself and find a better way, success will certainly wait for him. The same is true of teaching children to learn self-reflection.
Life needs to change from time to time, and you can feel the surprise of life in the change. There is always a wrong feeling at a stage, as if it will never grow up (or grow up but not old), as if it will always be surrounded by those people, as if everything is a foregone conclusion, ten, twenty or fifty years. . . Nothing will change, and we will gradually get along with each other in such an environment.
I don't know if I saw too many fairy tales when I was a child, so I actually had such an impression in my mind. And suffer from it. When the change came, I knew it could be like this. Fortunately, he was not too stupid and was not cheated for long.
There used to be a strange psychology. When I was in that seemingly unchanging life, I was extremely tired, but I was silently accepting it. I didn't know how to try to change by myself. I always refused to admit it. In fact, this is a lazy idea. Refuse to think for yourself, refuse to work hard. I suddenly woke up and found that those who changed their destiny by themselves were actually ordinary people around me, but they made great efforts and endured incomparable hardships. Therefore, in fact, complaining is just an excuse for your laziness, and it is irresponsible for yourself.
Complaining is not a good habit. I didn't realize I had so many shortcomings. Since I had a "mirror" and finally wanted to reflect on myself, I realized how unbearable I was sometimes.
Sophistication is actually making excuses for yourself. I finally realized that when I was complacent about my clever defense, I was actually shirking my responsibility. Many times, many things really don't need a reason, and any explanation is pale and powerless.
Things change from passive to active. What to do is not to complete a task, but to do it from the heart. Not for anyone, not to cope, just because I know what to do. You can't make excuses for your own affairs and avoid responsibility.
It is necessary to distinguish right from wrong. If you really know good and bad, you should and shouldn't, then there won't be so many unnecessary quarrels and troubles. I won't stand up because I can't face it.
Keep working hard at all times and don't relax. Believe other people's stories, always motivate yourself, have goals, and have a positive heart.
After the experience, I feel a lot, and it's no use regretting. I will always remind myself, reflect on myself and engrave it in my heart.
The ability of self-reflection-the last thing people want to admit is their own fault+September 3, 0992, the first anniversary of the establishment of Vantone, Feng Lun designated this day as Vantone reflection day. Up to now, every year on the anniversary of the company, we have to review ourselves. Reflection is actually a kind of learning ability. Since entrepreneurship is a process of continuous exploration, entrepreneurs will inevitably make mistakes in this process. Introspection is the premise of understanding and correcting mistakes. For entrepreneurs, the process of reflection is the process of learning. The ability and spirit of self-reflection determines whether entrepreneurs can recognize their mistakes, correct them and keep learning new things.
Everyone thinks it's easy for Fang Jie to become Op, as if it was done overnight. In fact, as early as when studying in Australia, Fang Jie consciously went to work for LIGHTUP, Australia's largest lighting company. At that time, he didn't understand business negotiation. He knows his shortcomings and is eager to learn the skills of negotiation. He knew that his boss at that time was a master negotiator, so whenever he had the opportunity to negotiate with his boss in business, he always secretly put a miniature tape recorder in his pocket. He recorded the contents of the negotiations between the boss and the other party sentence by sentence, and then went home to listen secretly, ponder and learn to see how the boss analyzed the questions, how the other party asked questions and how the boss answered them. In this way, a few years later he studied and became an expert in business negotiation. Finally, the boss retired and gave him his seat. By 1996, Fang Jie has almost become the most expensive professional manager in Australia. Then he didn't want to be a wage earner, but wanted to go back to China and start his own business. Fang Jie's Op came into being on this basis, and Fang Jie was not a born businessman.
Among the entrepreneurs we have contacted, except a few pioneers of the new economy, such as Shao Yibo in Yi Bei and Qin Huang in Shenzhen Net University, most of them are just what Zeng Guofan said. No successful person has any extraordinary intelligence, such as IQ as high as180,200. On the contrary, these successful people have one thing in common, that is, they are very good at learning and are very brave in self-reflection. As a Bosideng, Gao Dekang often can't sleep at night, thinking. I often wake up in the middle of the night in a cold sweat. Who's Gao Dekang? A farmer in Shanjing Village, Baiju Town, Changshu, Jiangsu. Gao Dekang once described his entrepreneurial experience as follows: At that time, Gao Dekang worked as a tailor, organized a sewing group, made money for a clothing factory in Shanghai, and ran back and forth from the village to Shanghai every day to buy raw materials and deliver finished products. It is100km from this village to Penglai Park in Shanghai Heather District. I have to run back and forth every day by bike, but I can't do it after riding a few times. So I squeezed into the bus, carrying a heavy bag on my back, and then squeezed down, so tired that I was sweating. Because my working hours are also very crowded, the car is extremely crowded. I finally got on the bus with my bag on my back. The people on the bus smelled me sweating, so they pushed me down and once sprained my waist. Sometimes they scold you, you hillbilly. Very proud ... but this bag is heavy. What should I do if you push me down? I couldn't cry at that time. I don't think those people understand me at all. Sometimes I even consider whether to do business with Shanghainese. But if you don't go to Shanghai, there will be no job and no food at home. You can only do this. Get on the ground. In business, you have to jump at the dragon gate and drill at the dog hole. There is no way but to be wronged. In this case, Gao Dekang can't sleep. Later, his career grew bigger and bigger. Bosideng has become the first brand of down jackets in China, and he has become a billionaire himself, but he still often can't sleep. Gao Dekang is always reflecting on himself. He went to Peking University and Tsinghua for a year for some incomprehensible problems. He said: I always listen to others, grasp the key points after listening, then test it in practice, and finally see if the results are true. Gao Dekang has only primary school culture, but his biggest hobby now is reading. No matter how tight the time is, you can't be careless in your study. I seldom have time to read books at ordinary times, but sometimes I read them on the plane. In this case of little study time, we must concentrate on three days a month. Study for 3 days and clear your mind. As a leader, a leader who is busy all day is not necessarily a good leader. You must straighten out your thinking and consider the development of this enterprise with a mentality. As a farmer in a ravine and a hillbilly in Shanghai, Gao Dekang finally managed to get Shanghainese to buy their own down jackets and put a lot of Shanghai money into his pocket. Why? Now you understand!
One day, a traveler was walking in the wilderness when he suddenly heard a piercing cry from behind him. He looked back and saw a crazy elephant coming at him. He hurried away and found a dry well ahead. There is a towering tree by the well, and the drooping vines are just perpendicular to the well. He was overjoyed and hurried down the vine to the well. After he breathed a sigh of relief, he looked around carefully and found a poisonous snake lurking in the well, and there were three poisonous snakes around him on the wall. All four snakes held their heads high and spat at him, as if they were going to attack him at any moment. Monkey looked up in horror and saw two black and white mice gnawing at his tightly touching rattan. The traveler is in a dilemma and can only resign himself to fate. Just then, a drop of sweet honey suddenly slipped into his mouth, and he licked it with his tongue, which made him feel a little comforted. However, in an instant, a group of bees built their nests and stabbed him to pieces. Although the pain was unbearable, the traveler still clung to the rattan, but I don't know when a wildfire burned the rattan and the traveler's life was dying. ...
This fable comes from the Buddhist classic Zabaojing, and the Buddha uses this story to compare the fate of people. The wilderness is a confused world, travelers are sentient beings, crazy elephants symbolize impermanent storms, wells represent people, trees represent people's lives, poisonous snakes at the bottom of the well symbolize death, four poisonous snakes are the four elements of the body, black and white mice represent night and day, honey represents happiness, bees represent enlightenment, and wildfire is used to describe disease and aging.
This story implies that we are suffering from impermanent storms every day, suffering from confusion and troubles, and finally dying of disease and aging. Nevertheless, we can't blame fate sadly and negatively, and there is nothing we can do about it. A person's life is illusory and short, no matter how long, he can only live to a hundred years old at most; In such a short and uncertain life, the more you deliberately pursue nothingness, the more empty you are.
As if the sand picked up would flow away from your fingers,
That's how time passes.
There are not many days left, so cherish yourself.
This is a poem in the abyss of death written by Japanese poet Gao Jianshun in his later years. Indeed, we are unconsciously approaching death step by step. In a person's life, there will only be a few really happy smiles and really sad cries; In that case, why throw your limited life on boring trifles?
Japanese poet Chai Tianxiang wrote in "Our Days": "Looking up at the sky, white clouds are fluttering lightly. In a trance, a twinkling star suddenly disappeared, but the star next to it still shone brilliantly. So I thought, this is life. For a long time, I couldn't get rid of this sadness, and then I felt that people were like meteors that suddenly disappeared, and life disappeared instantly. What does a person think when he is about to disappear? This is really a very intriguing question. "
We don't need to be as sentimental as poets; But at the very least, we should seriously reflect on our current lifestyle, grasp the few days in the future, and make our life more fulfilling.
As an entrepreneur, it is common to encounter setbacks and low tides. At this time, self-reflection ability and self-reflection spirit can help you tide over the difficulties. Ceng Zi said: I visit myself three times a day. For entrepreneurs, the problem is not to save themselves three times a day or four times a day, but to always be alert and reflect on themselves. Only in this way can we stay awake at all times. Just because we put the ability of self-reflection at the end doesn't mean that we think this is the least important one about the quality of entrepreneurs. On the contrary, we believe that what entrepreneurs need is comprehensive quality, and every quality is very important and cannot be neglected. Any lack of quality will inevitably affect the future career development. Some qualities are innate, but most of them can be improved through acquired efforts. If you can cultivate your own quality from now on, your entrepreneurial success is just around the corner. 1) Don't be bitter for people you don't know, but for people you don't know. -Confucius
2) the three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition. -Confucius
3) Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions, can be described as literary. -Confucius
4) The trouble with people is to be a good teacher-Confucius.
5) Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you. -Confucius
6) A gentleman talks but doesn't do it. -Confucius
7) If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first. -Confucius
8) If you don't know what others don't know, you don't know what people are. -Confucius
9) In a threesome, there must be a teacher. The good people who choose it follow it, and those who don't choose it change it. -The Analects of Confucius
10) we have taken many detours, and entrepreneurs and operators of enterprises should deeply reflect on this. -Wang Xuan
1 1) If I want to write my own history, I will write my own mistakes. Zhou Enlai
12) A person can't make progress without criticism and self-criticism. Mao Zedong
13) Being exposed is a failure, and exposing yourself is a victory. Hugo
Complacency, conceit and credulity are the three rocks of life. -Balzac
15) Be careful, even when you are alone, don't speak ill or do bad things, but learn to be more ashamed in front of yourself than others. -democritus
16) Self-esteem, consciousness and self-control can lead to the lofty realm of life. -Tennyson
17) Visit yourself three times a day: Are you unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you pass it on? Ceng Zi
Introspection is the road to virtue and God. -Watt
19) The hardest thing in life is to know yourself. -tellez
20) It's never too late to mend. -Shakespeare
2 1) Everyone makes mistakes, but only fools insist. -Cicero
22) introspection is a mirror, which can clearly show our mistakes and give us a chance to correct them. Heine