Keywords: construction enterprises; Information management; Information technology; profit
1 Information management concept of construction enterprises
Information management of construction enterprises refers to the application of advanced management concepts and information technology, especially computer technology, network technology, communication technology, control technology, system integration technology and information security technology. To improve the management, decision-making and service level of enterprises, so as to quickly respond to external demand, thus enhancing the viability, adaptability and core competitiveness of enterprises and promoting the rapid development of enterprises.
2 the content of information management of construction enterprises
1) Establish an information code system.
Describing information in words can no longer meet the requirements of modern management, so it is necessary to give information a set of codes that can reflect its main characteristics to express the entity or attribute of information and facilitate computer management.
2) Clarify the information flow in the management of construction enterprises.
In order to ensure the smooth management of construction enterprises, it is necessary to make information flow between the upper and lower levels of construction management, between related units and between the external environment. This is the so-called "information flow", which usually has the following aspects:
(1) vertical information flow of management system. Including all kinds of information reflected from top to bottom or from bottom to top, which can be commands, instructions, notices, reports, original recorded data, statistical data, situation reports, etc.
(2) The horizontal information flow of the management system. Including the information relationship between departments at the same level. With the horizontal information flow, all departments can realize the division of labor and cooperation and achieve their goals together.
(3) Information flow of external systems. Including the information relationship between other relevant units and the external environment.
3) Formulate the information collection system in the management of construction enterprises.
Including information sources, information content to be collected, standards, time requirements, transmission channels, feedback scope, job responsibilities of responsible personnel, working procedures and other related contents.
4) Information processing in construction enterprise management
Generally, it includes six contents: information collection, processing, transmission, storage, retrieval and output.
3 the specific application of information management in construction enterprises
Establishment of enterprise network information system.
China Construction Third Bureau has established a relatively complete enterprise network information system. The whole network system is a tree network structure with four levels: the first level network is the information network of the bureau headquarters, which is called the central network; The secondary network is a company-level network; The third-level network is a branch-level network; The four-level network is a project network. Administratively, networks at all levels are subordinate to each other, and the information organization of the network architecture belongs to the father-son relationship. All the * * * enjoyment information is stored in the servers at all levels of the enterprise information network, and the servers of all units have their own * * * enjoyment information. If the parent-child network is on a LAN (local area network), directly connect to the network; If they are not in the same LAN, exchange information through telephone dial-up network. In this information network architecture, authorized information access can also be carried out between networks without parent-child relationship. The information of the whole information network can be easily exchanged vertically and horizontally, which makes the information exchange channel more flexible. Remote dial-up network establishes remote connection with information network servers at all levels through authorized access to access information. This method is simple, flexible, easy to manage and popularize.
2) Application of information technology
In recent years, many construction enterprises in our country use information technology to transform traditional construction methods and techniques, and improve the overall level of construction techniques. Specific performance in:
(1) computer metering control technology of concrete mixing station
Construction enterprises can use advanced industrial computer measurement and control technology to carry out technical transformation of concrete mixing station, realize automatic control and management of production processes such as batching, mixing and testing, and ensure concrete quality.
(2) Monitoring of verticality deviation and torsion in the construction of super high-rise and towering structures.
In the monitoring of verticality deviation and torsion in the construction of super-high-rise and towering structures, computer-controlled laser positioning high-tech can be used, which can not only display the observation results accurately and intuitively on the screen, but also implement the dynamic management of continuous observation and predict the development trend of verticality deviation and torsion.
(3) Computer automatic temperature measurement technology for mass concrete construction.
In mass concrete engineering, the new technology of microcomputer automatic temperature measurement is applied to dynamically track and monitor the temperature and stress changes during concrete pouring and curing through computers and sensors, and analyze the temperature and temperature difference at different levels and depths of concrete. Through fast, fast and accurate information feedback, timely guide concrete construction and effective maintenance measures.
(4) Virtual reality technology of building construction.
The application of cutting-edge computer virtual reality technology can simulate the whole construction process, find and solve various problems that may occur in construction in advance, and achieve the purpose of optimizing construction organization and construction scheme. China Construction Third Bureau cooperated with Huazhong University of Science and Technology to conduct virtual research on building construction in Shanghai Zheng Da Plaza project, and achieved success. Experts believe that it is a milestone in the development of building technology in China, reaching the international advanced level.
(5) Structural simulation technology
The structural simulation uses the international advanced spatial analysis software (ANSYS, SAP, etc.). ) In the construction scheme, especially in the steel structure construction, the internal force and deformation of the structure under various working conditions are simulated and checked, so as to optimize the construction scheme and ensure the construction quality and safety. China Construction Third Bureau applied this technology in the construction of long-span space truss composite steel roof of Guangzhou Gymnasium. After the completion of the project, all the data are consistent with the structural simulation results through stress, strain and deformation measurement.
4 benefits of information management of construction projects
It is difficult to separate the benefits of information management of construction enterprises from the overall benefits of the company, which are reflected in the improvement of enterprise competitiveness and market share, the reduction of production costs and the appreciation of intangible assets of the company. In other words, the effectiveness of information management should be considered from indirect benefits and comprehensive benefits, such as the improvement of staff quality, construction technology, standardization of management, improvement of engineering quality, shortening of construction period and reduction of cost.
Take China Great Wall Aluminum Company as an example. In the past, due to many engineering projects, wide geographical distribution and long management span, the problem of decentralized management and centralized management has not been solved. In 2000, the company's output value was only 654.38 billion yuan, and it was very difficult for more than a dozen project departments to manage. Through the implementation of information management, the company's output value reached 500 million yuan in 2003, with more than 50 off-site project departments. At present, it has a project capacity of 654.38+0 billion yuan.
Therefore, construction enterprises must attach importance to the informatization construction of enterprises and strengthen information management to adapt to the ever-changing competitive environment of market economy, ensure that relevant personnel of enterprises can obtain the required information in time, and serve the dynamic management of construction enterprises. It also provides a scientific basis for enterprises to make optimal decisions, obtain good economic benefits and predict the future.
References:
[1] National Construction Enterprise Project Manager Training Textbook Compilation Committee. Construction engineering information management [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2007.
[2] Jiao, Wei. How to promote ERP in construction enterprises [J]. Construction Enterprise Management, 2006, (1).
[3] Zhang Xiqian and Zheng Yawen. Research and application of information technology in construction enterprises [J]. Architectural Technology, 200 1, (12).