When is the International Day for the Blind? As we all know, there are still many people in this world who have some physical defects for various reasons. What we can do for them is to try our best to help them solve some difficulties in life. Let's take you to know when the International Day for the Blind is.
1.1.At the inaugural meeting of the World Blind Union held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on June 5, 1984, 1.00 was designated as the "White Cane Safety Day" every year, which enabled the blind to have a unified organization and their own festivals for the first time in the world. Before that, there was no fixed day for the Day of the Blind. Blind people in some European countries often hold cultural activities in autumn, and the anniversary of this activity is called "White Cane Day". 191September, 989 18, China Disabled Persons' Federation issued a notice, asking all localities to participate in the annual International Day for the Blind with the assistance of professional departments, and hold appropriate celebrations according to local conditions to enliven the lives of the blind and reflect the care of the state and society for the blind.
The World Health Organization estimates that there are about 40 million to 45 million blind people in the world, and their low vision is three times that of blind people, about 654.38+0.4 billion people, of whom 75%, that is, more than 654.38+0 billion patients, can recover or improve their vision through surgery and refractive correction. There are still 25% patients with low vision who need low vision care. If you need to wear visual AIDS and vision rehabilitation instruments, etc.
In 1980s, China conducted a survey on visual disability. The results show that the population with visual disability in China is nearly130,000, of which 5.5 million are blind and 7.5 million have low vision. /kloc-The main diseases that cause blindness and low vision in children under 0/4 years old are congenital hereditary eye diseases, such as congenital cataract, congenital microphthalmia, retinitis pigmentosa, albinism and optic atrophy. Cataract is the main disease that causes blindness or low vision in the elderly over 60 years old.
China will add about 450,000 blind people and 6.5438+0.35 million people with low vision every year, that is, there are about 654.38+0 blind people and 3 patients with low vision every minute. If effective measures are not taken, by 2020, the number of visually disabled people in China will be four times that of 20 13, and will soon reach more than 50 million.
The World Blind Union is an international non-governmental organization, founded in 1984, formerly known as the International Blind Union and the World Blind Welfare Association, with 72 member countries (as of June 2004 10). The aim of the association is to enable blind people all over the world to participate in social life with equal opportunities and rights. The World Blind Union is headquartered in Paris. China Association for the Blind and Deaf is one of the founding organizations of this organization. The World Blind Union has advisory status in relevant United Nations organizations. Since its establishment, it has played an important role in preventing and treating blindness, promoting countries to formulate laws and policies to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the blind, enhancing the spirit of self-reliance of the blind, developing the potential of the blind and promoting international exchanges and cooperation.
International Day for the Blind is an annual International Day for the Blind, which falls on February 26th+10/October 6th+May 6th, 2008.
The experience of seeing-eye dogs released by CCTV news from birth to graduation has caused many netizens to leave messages. I hope everyone can give more space to guide dogs and more care to the blind.
However, for a long time, the blind and ordinary people seemed to be in two parallel worlds. We seldom see them in the streets, shopping malls and schools, let alone get to know them and walk into their hearts.
Black, gray, fuzzy and incomplete, these may be the visual feelings of the blind.
Many people think that they can experience the blind world with their eyes closed, but this is actually a misunderstanding. In fact, most blind people have certain eyesight, and not all blind people have no sense of light.
Due to pathological differences, the visual perception of the blind is not the same. Professor Zhu Jianfeng from Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Control Center pointed out that blurred vision and peripheral visual field defect are the main visual feelings of the blind. Normal people's understanding of "complete darkness" is similar to a dark room without any light. Not all blind people can feel this way.
According to CCTV, there were 173 10000 visually disabled people in China in 20 16 years. According to the national evaluation standard, blindness can only be called if the best corrected visual acuity of both eyes is less than 0.05 or the visual field radius is less than 10 degree. It's just that some of them have no light perception. "lend me a pair of eyes"
Because blind people can't know the world through their eyes, they will always encounter various inconveniences in their daily lives. At this time, you need help from others. Mobile phones and the Internet make it easier for volunteers to help the blind and become their "eyes".
Be my eyes, VizWiz abroad and Xiao Ai Gang at home are all common mobile apps. Blind people can ask volunteers for help by taking photos and recording questions through APP, and volunteers will help blind people answer questions with their voices.
Wizz Wizz is an associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University. Jeff Bigham and his team launched a mobile APP for the blind on 20 10. Their official website published 20,000 questions and pictures. Among these requests for help, the most frequently asked question by blind people is to know what is in front of them, which cannot be judged by touch or smell, accounting for 24.9% of the total.
Blind people are also more often curious about the color of objects. These items are mainly clothes, including shirts and trousers. Although it is difficult for blind people to feel color, and most of their knowledge of color comes from imagination, they are also very concerned about the collocation of clothes, and everyone has a love for beauty. However, this method is not always effective. Judging from the results, one volunteer can't answer every three blind people's questions.
This is mainly due to the poor quality of photos. When the blind take pictures, it is difficult to grasp the distance between the mobile phone and the object, and sometimes there will be virtual focus. In addition, although the blind man photographed the object, he did not photograph all of it, or did not photograph effective information. In these cases, volunteers can't help.
The life of the blind is also wonderful. Before entering the Internet age, a few Braille publications were almost all the reading sources for the blind. With the development of science and technology, blind people are exposed to more and more content. Through screen reading software, blind people can chat on WeChat, send messages on Weibo and buy goods online. Like ordinary people, blind people also visit forums and share their daily lives on them. If you watch it, you will find that their lives may not be as monotonous as you think.
March 3rd International Day for the Blind is a garden facility specially built for the blind in some parks in Shanghai.
Chen Shan Botanical Garden
There is a blind botanical garden in Chen Shan Botanical Garden, which is also the first professional botanical garden for the blind. The park is equipped with safety facilities and plants with tactile perception, auditory perception and olfactory perception, which is convenient for the blind to get in close contact with plants when visiting the park. The design of the park is completely barrier-free, so you don't have to worry about falling when you visit the park.
The design theme of the Botanical Garden for the Blind is "one meter sunshine". The garden is 93 meters long from north to south and wide from east to west 19 ~ 27 meters. The whole area is in the shape of slender rice grains. The park adopts one-way route design and harbor-style node experience. According to the function of the site and the functional characteristics of ornamental plants, the blind botanical garden is divided into entrance area, experience tour line, popular science knowledge point and environmental scenic spot.
The barrier-free facilities in the park are perfect, and Chinese, English, Braille and Pinyin systems are set up. Blind roads have also been built in the park to facilitate access, and barrier-free facilities such as handrails, rest kiosks and toilets suitable for visually impaired people have also been set up in the park. Ecological and recyclable plastic wood materials are selected for the blind roads in the park, which not only ensures the walking safety, but also reminds the blind that this is a unique area. The setting of driving blind road and parking blind road is completely standard size, which meets the requirements of barrier-free specifications.
In view of the needs of the visually impaired for touch, hearing and smell, various plants with obvious olfactory characteristics, unique shapes and bright colors are planted in the park, which can make sounds by themselves or with the help of external forces. When visiting the park, according to the different plant characteristics along the way, the park has arranged the blind experience area and popular science knowledge points, such as the visual experience area and popular science touch area of people with weak colors at the entrance, the olfactory experience area on the swimming line, the touch area of leaves, the touch area of branches, the touch area of flowers and fruits, the touch area of aquatic plants, the touch area of tree trunks and the sound discrimination experience area of environmental scenic spots.
In the visual experience area, there are red maple, heather, Berberis purpurea, Rhododendron fairytale, red clover, ornamental pepper, bonsai pumpkin and other plants with bright flowers, leaves or stems, which make some visually impaired tourists feel the colorful plants.
The basic morphological areas are Acer truncatum, hemp stem, hibiscus, trees, shrubs and ground cover, and blind tourists can touch the different forms of shrubs and trees.
In the olfactory experience area, there are fragrant plants such as osmanthus fragrans, Gardenia, Gardenia microphylla and Chimonanthus praecox, as well as fragrant plants such as rosemary, lavender, mint, sage, Buddleja officinalis, houttuynia cordata, mint, lemon mint, wild sesame, lavender and basil.