On autumn night, I went to Jiangtou, Xunyang to see off a returning guest.
The autumn wind blows the maple leaves and the reeds rustle.
I got off the horse and held a farewell party with my guests on the boat.
Raise a glass and drink together, but without the help of orchestra.
It's even sadder when you're unhappy, and you're leaving,
At parting, the bright moon was reflected on the boundless river at night.
Suddenly I heard the crisp sound of pipa on the river;
I forgot to return, and the guests didn't want to leave.
Gently ask along the body who is playing the pipa?
Pipa stopped for a long time but nothing happened.
We brought the boat closer and invited her out to meet;
Tell the servant to add more wine, and then set the banquet under the lamp.
After a long time, she came out shyly.
Still holding the pipa, half covering his shy face.
Tighten the piano shaft, pluck the strings and try to play a few times;
Form is very affectionate before it becomes a tune.
The sad sound of the strings suggests meditation;
It seems to be telling the frustration of her life;
She kept her head down and kept playing;
Tell the infinite past in your heart with the sound of the piano.
Gently touch, slowly twist, smooth, wipe and select;
First the colorful feathers, then the green waist.
The big string is long and noisy, like a storm;
Xiaoxian is gentle and quiet, as if someone is whispering.
Noise and tangles are played alternately;
Like a string of big beads falling from the jade plate.
Crisp as a flower, orioles singing;
Sorrow is like a clear spring flowing under the beach.
As if the cold and astringent pipa began to condense in spring,
The condensed and unsmooth voice was gradually broken.
Like another kind of sadness and hatred secretly breeds;
At this time, it is more touching than the sound.
Suddenly, it seems that the silver bottle broke into the water and splashed;
Like armored cavalry fighting with swords and guns.
At the end of the song, she aimed at the center of the strings and parted them;
The roar of four strings seems to tear the cloth.
People from the East Ship and the West Ship listened quietly;
I saw Bai Yue reflected in the middle of the river.
She thoughtfully put the pick away and inserted it on the strings;
Finishing clothes still looks solemn.
She said I was a famous singer in Beijing.
My hometown is in Ling Ran, southeast of Chang 'an.
Learn to play pipa at the age of thirteen;
My name was included in the first lineup of Jiao Fang Philharmonic Orchestra.
Every song makes the art masters gasp in admiration;
Every time I make up Chengdu, I am envied by my fellow geisha.
Rich children in Kyoto compete to offer color;
I don't know how much red yarn I collected after playing a song.
The silver grate in the hammer head is often broken when it is struck;
I don't regret that the red skirt is stained with wine.
Spend years laughing and fighting;
Autumn goes and spring comes, and good times are wasted.
My brother joined the army, and my sister died at home, which has been ruined;
As time goes by, I get old and my skin color fades.
Cars and horses in front of the door reduce diners;
Youth is gone, so I have to marry a businessman.
When businessmen value profits more than feelings, they tend to leave easily;
He went to Fuliang to do tea business last month.
He left, leaving me alone at the mouth of the river;
The autumn moon accompanied me around the cabin, and the autumn water was cold.
In the middle of the night, I often dream that I had a good time when I was young;
In my dream, crying defiled my face.
Listening to the cry of pipa, I have shook my head and sighed;
It makes me sad to hear her talk again.
We are all sad people who have fallen to the end of the world;
When we meet today, why should we ask if we have met?
Since I left the bustling capital Chang 'an last year;
He was relegated to Xunyang River and often fell ill.
Xunyang this place is desolate and remote without music;
You can't hear orchestral instruments all year round.
Living in a low-lying and humid place on the Ganjiang River;
Yellow reeds and bitter bamboo surround the first house.
What can you hear here sooner or later?
Full of sad cries of cuckoo apes.
Riverside flowers, as good as Qiu Jiang moonlit night;
I can't help it I often drink wine alone.
Are there no folk songs and village flutes here?
It's just hoarse and harsh.
I heard you play the pipa tonight to tell your heart,
It's like hearing Yue Xian's eyes and ears.
Please don't refuse to sit down and play another song;
I want to write a new poem "Pipa" for you.
Moved by my words, she stood for a long time;
Turn around and sit down, then tighten the strings and dial the urgent tone.
Sadness is no longer like the sound just now;
People here are hard of hearing, hiding their faces and crying.
Which of you shed the most tears?
My tears of Jiangzhou Sima soaked my blue skirt!
[Edit this paragraph] Version introduction
Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a well-known sentence in Pipa: "Guan Yingying's flowers are slippery, and we can hear a stream sobbing on the beach." Among them, the word "underwater beach" has been commented by commentators, and it has not been concluded yet. The reason lies in the different understanding and interpretation caused by different versions of the text. Please check the variation of the version:
(1) Create an "underwater beach" —— Ma Yuan published Bai Changqing Collection in the thirty-fourth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, Wang Liming published Bai Xiangshan Poetry Collection in the corner of the thatched cottage in the forty-third year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Yangzhou Poetry Bureau published The Complete Poems of Tang Poetry in the forty-sixth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and Qin Long published Wen Yuan Hua Ying in Ming Dynasty.
(2) Difficulties under the ice —— Poems of White Xiangshan published by Wang Liming's A Corner of Caotang, and Poems of the Whole Tang Dynasty published by Yangzhou Poetry Bureau, which are "ice" in water and "difficult" in beach; The lost edition of Bai Xiangshan Poetry published in the corner of He Chaopai Caotang in Beijing Library;
(3) Writing "Under the Ice Beach"-Wenyuan Huaying, a dragon publication in Ming Dynasty, gambling on "ice" with "water", and four series of books photocopying the Song version of "Bai Changqing Collection";
(4) Making "Underwater Difficulties" —— Literature and Ancient Books Publishing House photocopied Song Shaoxing's White Anthology and collated Qing Dynasty's Lu Bai Anthology.
Pipa Concerto, composed by Zhang Xiaofeng. The content expressed is consistent with Bai Juyi's poem Pipa Xing.
The overture consists of pipa and flute, and the flowing arpeggio sets off the guzheng, depicting the artistic conception of "the maple leaves get flowers and the autumn wind rustles".
① "We once heard a sudden sound and a guitar crossed the water": The band played Bai Juyi's theme at a slow speed, bold and free. Then there is the beautiful pipa sound, and then, the band blends with the pipa, just like the scene of "we follow the melody and ask the player's name, and the sound is broken" ... and then she reluctantly answers ";
② "Let her heart share everything with us bit by bit": the euphemistic and continuous melody, with the theme of pipa-like wheel finger and pipa girl, profoundly shows the image of ancient women full of sorrow. Then, using various techniques, according to the description in the poem, different aspects of the image of the pipa girl are portrayed, such as superb playing skills, romantic teaching career and desolate horizon;
(3) "this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet: pipa reproduces the theme of pipa girl with the change of fingers, which is deeper and longer; Erhu's slow solo is like a poet's sigh. Then the melody kept going up and down, the pipa and the band played alternately, and the theme of the poet and the pipa girl blended and developed, just like the poet lamented, "We are all unhappy-at the end of the day, we met." We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " ;
(4) At the end, "the moon is white in the heart of the river": the bright moon is in the sky, and autumn water is like silver. Only the overtones of pipa float in the silent night.
be extremely sad
Sima Qing (s and mm m m: q and ng sh ā n)
Interpretation of Sima: The ancient official name, Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi once demoted the official as Jiangzhou Sima. Sima's clothes were wet with tears. Describe extreme sadness.
In Bai Juyi's poem Pipa Xing: "But who among them cries the most? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet. "
Do I learn from Wang Bigamy? Are you wet with tears? ("Wang Ming's Poetry" Volume 29)
The allusion of Sima Qing's shirt comes from a poem in Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip: "Who cried the most? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet. " Later, this allusion was used in Wang Shifu's high school Chinese text "Farewell to the Pavilion", "Tears are dripping in my sleeve, which is wetter than Sima Qing's shirt" and Lin Juemin's "Book with His Wife", "I won't learn much about Sima Chun's shirt."
Bai Juyi was appointed Jiangzhou Sima. When sending the guests aboard, he overheard the pipa, so he invited the pipa girl to play. In the conversation with the pipa girl, Bai Juyi learned about the life experience of the pipa girl, and felt that they had the same fate, and wrote the amazing sentence "We are all unhappy-we met at the end of the day". We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ",which made her cry. The blue shirt is a symbol of Bai Juyi's identity as Sima.
"Sima Qing" means "but who among them cries the most?" ? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet. " So ancient poets often use this allusion to express their inner pain, sadness and tears. Song Sima Guang's "Tang Jinchun" "The blue shirt on the table is soaked, and the old one is more than the pipa." It means that "sadness" is not just the life experience of pipa girls. Jin Wuji's "Full Moon" from "Sadness in the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty" to "Jiangzhou Sima, wet with tears, for the end of the world" also means that there are too many worries, and "For the end of the world" also uses Bai Juyi's sentence "We are both unhappy-we will meet at the end of the day". We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ”。 In Pu's "Winning the Brocade", he looked at the new pavilion and felt very sad. Then he said, "Whoever reads Jiangzhou Sima is reduced to the end of the world, and his blue shirt is wet." Here is his own sadness.
There are also people who use this allusion in reverse, such as Serina Liu's Hidden Dragon, "Laughing at Sima, no plan to stay in spring, wet shirt and tears" and Xin Qiji's "Man Jiang Hong", "Laughing at Jiangzhou and Sima is too affectionate, and the blue shirt is wet". However, these counter-uses, seemingly broad-minded, actually contain more grief and indignation.
[Edit this paragraph] Common lesson plans
Academic goal
1. Appreciate the language art of describing music with figurative images.
2, know how to use the environment to render the atmosphere, contrast the thoughts and feelings of the characters.
3. Understand the miserable life experience of Pipa girls in feudal society and the dark reality of the poet's frustrated exile.
Teaching focus
1, master the author's superb skills of describing sounds with metaphors.
2. Guide students to interpret the thoughts and feelings of the works from the analysis of the life and fate of the characters and grasp the artistic conception.
Recite the second paragraph of this poem.
Teaching difficulties
Understand the author's description of music and how to integrate the emotional appeal of music with the feelings of players and listeners.
Course arrangement: three class hours
Teaching process:
first kind
First of all, understand the relevant literary knowledge and background.
1, author's brief introduction, added by the teacher.
Bai Juyi, whose name is Lotte, was named a Buddhist in Xiangshan in his later years. A great realistic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. When I was young, my family was poor, and I had more contact and understanding of social life and people's sufferings. I studied so hard at school that my tongue got sore. When a teenager became a poem, he wrote farewell to ancient grass (the vast grass crossed the plain and came and went with the four seasons). Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it. Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey. I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection. I am deeply grateful for visiting the great poet Gu Kuang in Beijing. Twenty-nine-year-old Jinshi, official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Shizhong, minister of punishments. Bai Juyi was an advocate of the New Yuefu Movement in the Tang Dynasty, advocating that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written". He wrote many poems that exposed the darkness of reality and reflected the sufferings of working people, which were called "allegorical poems". Bai Juyi's poems are easy to understand. They all say that "Bai Fushi, the old lady knows". Living in the mid-Tang period from prosperity to decline. When I was young, I wandered around because of the war, and I had more contact and understanding of social life and people's sufferings. He has the ideal and belief of "saving the world" and "pleading for the people", and has repeatedly written articles criticizing the current abuses. He created "satirical poems" represented by "New Yuefu" and "Qin Zhongyin", which reflected the painful life of the working people and exposed the decay and evil of the ruling class. Narrative poems include Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow. He actively advocated the New Yuefu Movement, advocated that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written for things", emphasized and inherited the fine tradition of realism in China's classical poems, and opposed "playing tricks on the wind". His works have profound practical significance.
2. Introduce the writing background.
After Bai Juyi took the post of left gleaning, he was changed to Prince Zuo Zanshan at the age of 43 because he offended bureaucrats and emperors. The following year, because he wrote to the emperor and was eager to speak, he was accused of playing things beyond his authority. First demoted Jiangzhou secretariat, then demoted Jiangzhou Sima, and the following autumn wrote Pipa Xing. It is through the experience of the pipa girl that the poet expressed his misfortune of being reduced to the end of the world.
This article belongs to Yuefu poetry. Introduction to Yuefu: Yuefu was originally established by Liu Che, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, as an institution in charge of music. Its task is to formulate music scores, collect lyrics and train musicians, and hold sacrifices, banquets or other ceremonies for the court. In addition, another task is to collect folk songs for the ruling class to "observe customs". Later, its meaning changed, referring to a kind of Yuefu poetry, that is, "Yuefu Poetry", which is called Yuefu for short. Yuefu poetry has two meanings: in a narrow sense, it refers to the poems that entered music after the Han Dynasty, including those created by literati and those collected from the people; Broadly speaking, it includes copying the old Yuefu poems without entering the music, or imitating the lyrics and works of Yuefu poetry genre. This poem belongs to the latter.
4. About songs, lines and quotations:
Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are three forms of ancient songs, which later became a genre of ancient poetry. Generally speaking, its syllables and meter are relatively free, and its musical form adopts the ancient style of five words, seven words and miscellaneous words, also called "Gexing", which originated from the Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties and is one of the famous Yuefu songs. The length is long, the sentence pattern is flexible, flat and informal, the rhyme is changeable, and the rhyme can be changed many times.
Second, guide reading aloud.
1, pay attention to pronunciation
Zheng (zhēng), (mǐ ng), Migration (xǐ), Xunyang (xún), Maple Leaf (fēng), Serra (sè), Yinsi (sü), Niǐ n, Dress (nícháng) and Autumn Moon White.
2. Listen to music and read aloud
Step 3 read for free
Third, dredge the small order and accumulate words (read notes, consult reference books and communicate the meanings of the following words with classmates)
In the second year-(the second year), the old style faded away-(female face) ordered wine-(banquet) played a few songs quickly-(carefree) felt the people's words-(moved) because of long sentences-(so I wrote) songs to them-(composing) every 61.
Homework: Read aloud and translate the preface.
Second lesson
First, grasp the content structure of the text.
The whole poem is divided into five paragraphs in chronological order:
(1) Jiangtou Fujian Wenpipa
(2) Listening to pipa music on the river: (Inviting singers; Play famous songs; Listener intoxicated)
(3) The singer confides his bitter life experience: (Young people are happy; Desolate in old age; Sad mood)
(d) The same disease, the same injury, leaving.
(5) Re-smell wet pipa blue.
Secondly, discuss the details.
1. Which characters are created by narration?
Qing: Pipa girl and poet herself.
2. What two poems did the poet use to connect these two images? Neither of us is happy-at the end of the day, we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? )
Why does the poet sigh like this? What is the common fate and experience of Bai Juyi and Pipa Girl? What is the specific situation of "falling"? Try to make a concrete comparison (guide students to summarize their answers with the original poems, read related poems together, and feel the feeling of being "restored")
(1) read the preface and related parts of the third section to understand the life experience, experience and mood of the pipa girl.
At that time: Yan Gai Fang Qun, art overwhelmed capital, people were jealous and laughed every year; (Excellent in color and art, high in skill and beautiful in appearance, young in youth, smiling like a flower)
Now: in my later years, I was left out in front of the door, committed to being a businessman and sitting alone in an empty boat. (Wandering, haggard, left out)
Beijing advocates the disgust of business women.
② Understand the poet's experience and mood with the help of notes, preface, the first and fourth sections.
At that time: poetry and wine lingered, silk and bamboo were inexhaustible, and weddings and funerals were enjoyable; Beijing is an official, a senior official, a senior official and a well-known official. )
Now: I am sick in seclusion, I have no joy in drinking, I am miserable in seeing my guests off, and I feel sad. (exile in Jiujiang, desolate and lonely)
Jing Kuan was expelled to official hatred.
(3) "We met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " What brings a complete stranger, a poet who meets by chance, and a pipa girl together?
Qing: Music (pipa sound).
Supplement: lonely empty boat, complaining by music; A Fujian Jiangtou, who has wine but no music. One is good at playing, the other is good at listening (writing), and has interpreted a bosom friend story that has been told through the ages. This is just like the couplet of Xunyanglou said:
Four strings of maple leaves fall in autumn, and chéng touches the sky and hates it;
Xunyang thousands of feet water, every sentence (G not u, hook) stay in the river and stay in love.
There is a scenic spot in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province-Baijuyi Temple, which is a famous couplet. When Bai Juyi left Jiujiang, the people of Jiujiang showed great affection for him. He stayed and stayed, and the thousands of feet water set off the deep feelings of parting.
3. Who knows the sound of pipa?
[Question] After reading this poem, I'm afraid we are more sympathetic to the fate of the pipa girl. Indeed, the fate of the pipa girl makes the world sigh. However, can we capture the trajectory of the emotional and life changes of pipa girls from the ups and downs of pipa tunes?
[Clarity] The whole piece can be divided into four movements.
The first movement is "Prelude": ... She turned the tuning pin, tested several strings, and even before she played, we could feel her feelings. Every string is a kind of meditation, and every note is a kind of deep thinking, as if she were telling us the pain of her life. She frowned, bent her fingers, and then began to play music, letting her heart share everything with us bit by bit. "Xunyang river, the wind is cold in Leng Yue, pipa woman sitting alone in an empty boat, lonely and desolate. So the melody is low and depressing when playing.
The sharp contrast of life naturally evoked her deep memories of past lives, so music entered.
The second movement "Ode to Joy": "She brushes the strings, twists them slowly, sweeps them and plucks them, before" Nishang "and" Liu Yao ". Big strings hum like rain, and small strings whisper like secrets. Humming and whispering-and then mixing them together is like pouring pearls, big and small, into a plate of jade. " At this time, the crisp and pleasant timbre of the pipa is mixed with ups and downs and lively movements, singing the fiery youth of the pipa girl. When she was young, she was known as "Wulin Haozu competing with each other, and there were countless HongLing songs". Her successful honor and drunken singing constituted the whole of her life. Why didn't she remember all this, so the melody became crisp, round and light. And "like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade" is more like talking and laughing in the past, which makes people unforgettable.
However, the good times don't last long, and time is no longer. "Until her brother went to war, and then her aunt died, the night passed, and the night came, and her beauty disappeared." The pipa girl was "old", and her life changed, and the door was cold. Forced to make a living, she "finally married herself to a businessman". Recalling here, why doesn't pipa girl feel deeply grieved? So the melody enters again.
The third movement "Meditation Song": "It is difficult to flow under the ice. The ice spring is cold and astringent, and the strings condense, and the condensation will never stop. Fall into deep sorrow and hidden lament, when silence is better than life. " The melody becomes "cold" and "stiff", and the sound of music "pauses" (because of deep feelings, it gets deeper and deeper, so that it stops). The change of fate made the pipa girl fall into deep thinking at this time. ...
The last movement is
"Mourning for the Past": "A silver vase suddenly burst, and a stream of water gushed out, jumping out of armored horses and weapons, colliding with each other. Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk. " The rising mood of this piece of music is by no means a bright future, but a profound and shocking rhythm, which expresses the Pipa girl's sense of injustice and resentment at her fate. Pipa girl's broken heart longs for the comfort of love, but her fickle husband "values profit over separation", which often leaves her empty-handed. This reality made her feel pain and regret, so the sound of music was like "a silver vase suddenly broke a stream of water and jumped out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons". The high-pitched and stirring melody is her angry accusation against the world for valuing talents over profits. With a stroke of a pen, "four strings are uttered in unison, like tearing silk" (a broken silk is also heartbreaking) is an angry cry and a struggle against unfair social reality and fate! It also conforms to the resentment of the poet's innocent demotion.
In short, the poet not only wrote the superb musical skills of the pipa girl, but also expressed the ups and downs of the player's inner feelings through the changes of the music (which is similar to the poet's experience, and the author has a deep understanding), which makes people feel as if they were in the scene. As the poet said, "Her first guitar note made me sigh." The sad tune made all the sad people in the world cry!
4. Who can solve the shirt tear?
[Question] "Men don't flick when they have tears, just because they are not sad yet." Why did the poet Bai Juyi cry in front of an unknown pipa girl?
[Qing] The poet's tears are blue, mainly from two aspects:
(1) Injured Pipa Girl: As the poem says, "Her first guitar sound made me sigh, and I heard this sentence again." The bitter melody of the pipa girl aroused the poet's emotion, and after listening to the bitter life experience of the pipa girl, she aroused the poet's deep pity. (Pipa girl also deeply sympathizes with the poet)
(2) Self-injury: The poet is brilliant and famous all over the world, but now he has been relegated, which is sad; Plus friends, I feel more lonely and unbearable.
They have similar experiences, so they have the same feeling, "We are all unhappy-until the end of time". Hurt people, but also hurt themselves, two kinds of sentimentality merge into one, accumulate precipitation, how can a poet not be full of sadness and not shed tears? This kind of "tears" is not only the poet's sympathy and respect for the oppressed women, but also a complaint to the society at that time.
[Blackboard] Tears on shirts-we are all unhappy-until the end of the sky.
【 Description 】 By asking such questions, students can understand the deep meaning of "tears" and further grasp the thoughts and feelings of the other side of the poem.
5. Who knows the scenery?
[Question] The description of scenery is often indispensable in poetry. Similarly, there are several words describing the scenery in the whole poem. What are the functions of these landscapes?
[Qing] "I am seeing the guests off, and at night on the Xunyang River, maple leaves and rushes rustle in autumn." At the beginning of the article, I described the environment of Fujian in Jiangdong. The river, maple leaves and flowers in autumn night constitute a clear and picturesque artistic conception, which makes people feel the chill of autumn. The song conveys the poet's sad mood and lays the emotional tone for the whole poem.
"If you don't do it, you will be rewarded by the month", telling the scene of not doing it, and the scene is full of affection. The vast rivers and moonlight are permeated with the poet's parting thoughts, as if the poet's mood has melted and he has an induction with the natural scenery.
"And we saw the white autumn moon entering the middle of the river", the quiet environment at the end of writing songs. The music is over, but its feelings are still spreading, infiltrating into the river center illuminated by the autumn moon, as if the river center was also moved by the feelings in the music. Scenes blend together, setting off the musical effect and forming an evocative artistic conception.
In addition, such as "When is the bright moon cold, by the river", writing about the environment when the pipa girl sits alone in an empty boat renders the pipa girl's cold and desolate mood; "A room full of bitter reeds and yellow rushes", the living environment of the poet, rendered the loneliness and sadness of the poet after he was relegated.
In short, a branch and a leaf are always related to love. The scenery in the poem has become an emotional image, superimposed together, making the whole poetic scene of Pipa Journey seem to be immersed in the melancholy moonlight at the head of Xunyang River, which is beautiful and sad.
[Blackboard] Scenery and material meaning-a branch and a leaf are always related to love.
Attached book design:
Pipaxing (Parallel Preface) Bai Juyi
Pipa sound-tell the sadness in your heart
Tears in shirts-we are all unhappy-until the end of the sky.
Scenery and significance-a leaf is always concerned about love.
The third category
The focus of this class; Appreciate the music description
First, read the second part and understand the content:
Tune the strings, move your feelings with the sound (overture)
Play a famous song and pour out your sadness (write all the time)
Beads fall on the jade plate, eager and happy (the first paragraph)
When you play the pipa, you will feel sad and bitter (paragraph 2)
The soldiers stand out from the crowd and are magnificent (paragraph 3)
At the end of the song, it will suddenly stop (at the end of the song)
The moon is white in the middle of the river, with endless aftertaste (lasting appeal)
Second, teachers and students analyze and appreciate together: What techniques does the author use to describe music? What are the advantages of these technologies?
1, metaphor (find out the metaphor sentences and analyze which characteristics of music each metaphor sentence describes? And analyze the benefits of figurative description. )
Attachment: [Austria] Hanslick's On the Beauty of Music: All imaginative descriptions, descriptions and explanatory explanations in musical works are concrete.
The big strings are buzzing like rain (heavy and urgent)
Small strings whisper like secrets (kindness and tenderness) (tenderness and delicacy, euphemism and lingering)
Humming, whispering-and then mixing together, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade. (strewn at random, crisp and round)
Guan Ying's language is fluent at the bottom of the flower (euphemistically pleasing) (melodious euphemistically pleasing)
You Yan Quan (low astringency) is difficult to flow under the ice.
A silver vase suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons. (Agitation, grandeur, sonority, passion)
Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk. (perforation)
Big strings hum like rain, and small strings whisper like secrets. Humming, whispering-and then mixing together, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade. Sometimes Guan Ying's words are slippery at the bottom of the flower, but hard to flow under the ice of deep throat spring. The ice spring is cold and astringent, and the condensate is endless. The depth of sadness and the hiding of sadness are more told in silence than in voice. A silver bottle suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of armored horses and weapons, fighting and hitting. The melody changes of the music written here are: d.
A. From Xu Shu's fluency-gradual sinking-intermittent pause-agitation and grandeur
B. From excitement to grandeur-gradually sinking-intermittent pause-soothing and stable.
C. From Xu Shu's fluency-intermittent pause-gradual sinking-excitement and grandeur
D. Swallow gradually from agitation to grandeur-soothing and steady-intermittent pause.
-Benefits: Turn abstract and intangible music into tangible entities.
2. Reduplication and conjunction:
Overlap: chord, tone, continuation, noise and tangent.
Lian Mian's Ci: Guan (rhyme), You Yan (double voice)
-Make syllables sweet
3. Front description and side contrast
(1) positive description:
... she turned the tuning pin and tested several strings, and even before she played, we could feel her feelings. ……
A silver vase suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons.
Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk.
② Side foil:
There is a quiet boat in the east and a quiet boat in the west, but see the new autumn moon in the river.
We heard a sudden sound, a guitar crossed the water, the host forgot to go home and the guests left.
Although the tune was different from what she had played before, all the listeners covered their faces.
But which of them cried the most? , this Jiujiang officer. My blue sleeves are wet.
-wrote the feedback from the audience, highlighting the touching artistic effect of pipa music.
4, there is love in the song:
Use the listener's feelings to set off the sound and emotion of music. Pipa music is so touching, is there any other reason besides the pipa girl's superb playing skills? A very important reason is emotion. Pipa girls play with emotion, while poets listen and describe with emotion. (find poems about feelings):
Pipa girl plays music with emotion, and we can feel her feelings. Even before she plays, it seems that she is telling us the pain of her life bit by bit, so that her heart can share everything with us.
Poets describe the depth and hiding of sadness, and tell more in silence than they do with their voices and feelings.
Q: From this, we can clearly feel that the pipa girl has integrated her own sense of life experience in the performance. And the poet also heard the feelings from the music. Why can poets hear?
A. poets are great musicians.
B, we are all unhappy-forever and ever, we meet. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ! Similar life experiences make it so.
Therefore, describing music with emotion is also one of the important reasons for the success of this poem.
By the way, in ancient times, some people accused Bai Juyi of leaving the woman's boat in the middle of the night, thinking it was against etiquette. We believe that Bai Juyi can break through the feudal hierarchy and treat a pipa girl with humble status equally. It is very valuable to compare her bumpy career with her experience from housewife to merchant woman now. Although ancient poets in China have a tradition of comparing themselves with beauties and herbs, most of them compare themselves with pure girls or expensive ladies, but few compare themselves with geisha.
5. Summary: Describe the characteristics:
A, extensive use of metaphor, turning abstraction into image feeling; B, clever use of onomatopoeia and overlapping;
C. combining front description with side contrast; D, describe music with emotion.
Third, summarize the whole poem and assign homework.
Related songs:
Pipa lyrics: (Tang) Bai Juyi composes.
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