First, the structure and function of communication
(A) the definition of communication
The process of information transmission and communication in communication includes interpersonal communication and mass communication. Interpersonal communication is a direct form of communication; Mass communication, also known as media communication, is a process of information exchange between the public through media.
(B) the structure of communication
The communication process consists of seven elements: information source, information, channel, information receiver, feedback, obstacles and background.
(1) Information source: In interpersonal communication, an information source is an individual who has information and tries to communicate.
(2) Information: The communicator tries to convey his views and feelings to others.
(3) Channel: it is the information carrier of the communication process. Interpersonal communication is based on auditory communication.
(4) Information receiver: it is the other side of communication.
(5) Feedback: Communication becomes a two-way interactive process. In communication, both sides constantly feed back information to each other, which is called feedback.
(6) obstacles.
(7) Background: It is the situation when communication occurs, which affects every element of communication and the whole communication process. Communication background includes psychological background, physiological background, social background and cultural background.
(C) the main function of communication
The main functions of communication are as follows:
(1) Communication is a means to obtain information;
(2) Communication is a tool to exchange ideas and share emotions;
(3) Communication is an important factor to meet needs and maintain psychological balance;
(4) Communication is an important way to reduce contradictions and improve interpersonal relationships;
(5) Communication can coordinate the actions within the group, and promote the improvement of efficiency and the realization of organizational goals.
(D) the classification of interpersonal communication
(1) Interpersonal communication can be divided into formal communication and informal communication according to the organizational system;
(2) Interpersonal communication can be divided into upward communication, downward communication and parallel communication according to the direction of information flow;
(3) Interpersonal communication can be divided into one-way communication and two-way communication according to the position relationship between information source and receiver;
(4) Two basic forms of verbal communication: oral communication and written communication;
(5) According to the clarity of the identities and roles of both parties, it can be divided into real communication and virtual communication.
(5) Communication network
Interpersonal communication often has a group background. Communication modes between group members are combined to form a communication network.
1. Formal communication network
In a formal group, the structure of information exchange and transmission among members becomes a formal communication network. There are generally five forms of formal communication network, namely, chain, wheel, circle, omni-channel and Y.
The commonly used indicators to compare the communication quality of communication networks are: the speed and accuracy of information transmission, the amount of information received by the receiver and its satisfaction.
2. Informal communication network
There are three typical forms of informal communication network: gossip, cluster and chance. When information is spread through informal communication network, it is fast and has great influence; However, when information is spread through informal communication networks, it is easy to produce distortion and distortion.