Grass goldfish is also called grass seed. Its representative species is grass goldfish, which is the original species of goldfish. Grass goldfish is flat and long, spindle-shaped, with short tail fin, which is similar to crucian carp in shape and fin. Temperament is far more rude and timid than other varieties. Suitable for a large number of semi-dispersed culture in pond waters. Gaobeidian in the eastern suburb of Beijing is the producing area of grass goldfish at present, with a considerable annual output. The main varieties and their characteristics are as follows.
1. Carassius auratus has a spindle-shaped body, a short tail fin, a concave tail-shaped single leaf and an orange-red or vermilion body. It is the oldest goldfish species.
2. Grass goldfish originated directly from crucian carp, with a spindle-shaped body, a long tail fin, Shuang Ye or three leaves, and a scarlet body.
3. The body of the red-and-white goldfish is spindle-shaped, the tail fin is slightly longer, the single leaf is sunken, and the head and body surface are red and white spots.
Literary goldfish is also called literary goldfish. Its shape is close to the "Wen" shape, hence the name. The fish in this paper is slightly short and round, with normal eyeball, small or wide head, developed dorsal fin and elongated caudal fin, which is divided into more than 4 leaves. The body color is mostly red, purple, blue or red and white spots. Representative species are wenyu, hat goldfish and pearl goldfish.
1. Wenyu Wenyu is an ancient variety of goldfish, which originated directly from grass goldfish. It is characterized by a slightly pointed head, enlarged abdomen, slightly shorter body, normal scales on the body surface, towering dorsal fin and long caudal fin. The representative species is red fish. Because the ornamental effect of amphioxus is far less than that of dzi beads, blisters and hats, it is rare in domestic aquaculture and exhibitions.
In addition to red amphioxus, red and white amphioxus, purple amphioxus, blue amphioxus and five-flowered amphioxus have also been cultivated and exhibited in China, but they have all disappeared and recovered slightly in recent years. In the early 1970s, red herring was introduced from Japan, but the development in various places was not fast.
2. hat goldfish hat goldfish head sarcoma developed, shaped like a "hermit" wearing a monk's hat, hence the name. In Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other places, it is often called "Gaotou". It is characterized by a slightly short and round body, developed dorsal fin, four caudal fins, long and symmetrical extension, tail length close to body length or longer, normal eyeball, wide head and rich strawberry-like development of head sarcoma. According to the growth degree of head and head sarcoma, it can be divided into lion head type and goose head type. The growth range of sarcomas in the former is enlarged, extending from the top of the head to the cheeks and palates on both sides; The sarcoma of the latter is confined to the top of the head and looks like a goose head. In the infancy of the cap goldfish, the head sarcoma has not yet developed. By 1 year, the sarcoma is obviously enlarged, and after 2 years old, the sarcoma is very full.
According to body color, hat goldfish can be divided into red hat, purple hat, police tactical unit, yellow hat, red and white hat, white hat, purple and blue hat, five-flowered hat and other strains. Its variation varieties include dzi bead cap, fluffy ball cap, gill-turning cap, gill-turning ball cap and so on. In recent years, the precious and famous species successfully selected include cinnabar yellow hat, cinnabar purple robe hat, jade printing head hat and so on.
3. Pearl goldfish is also called pearl scale goldfish or pearl scale goldfish. Its biggest feature is that the scales on its surface have evolved into granular protrusions, which look like pearls arranged neatly on its side, hence its name. The pearl scales on its side are large and prominent, and the pearl scales near the tail stalk are small. Pearl scales are easy to fall off because of body surface damage, and it is difficult to regenerate once damaged; Occasionally regenerated, but the regenerated scales are neither beautiful nor ideal. The shape of pearl goldfish is different from other kinds of goldfish. Its head is pointed, its abdomen is swollen, its body is short and round, its mouth is pointed, and its tail fin is almost olive-shaped. It is the most unique one in the goldfish family.
Dragon goldfish is also called dzi bead goldfish or dzi bead. It is the representative variety of goldfish family and the main ornamental variety of goldfish family. It is regarded as an authentic goldfish population and is known as the general representative variety of goldfish. Its main characteristics are short and thick body, flat and wide head, well-developed caudal fin divided into four leaves, high dorsal fin, slightly triangular pectoral fin and round and large scales. Outside the eye socket, the eyeball is very similar to longan, so it is also called Tianzhu goldfish.
Dragon goldfish can be divided into red longan, black longan, blue longan, Zi Long eye, red and white flower dzi beads, five-flowered dzi beads, white longan, red-eyed dzi beads, purple and blue flower dzi beads, magpie dzi beads and red-headed dzi beads according to their body colors. Its varieties include red dragon eyeball, black dragon eyeball, Zi Long eyeball, blue dragon eyeball, five-flowered dzi bead, four-balled dzi bead, red-headed dzi bead, and various gill-turning caps such as dzi bead and dzi bead.
Looking up to heaven goldfish is also a dragon goldfish, which is called looking up to heaven in Beijing and Eye of the Sky in the south of China. Its eyeball protrudes out of the orbit, and its pupil rotates 90 degrees backward and upward, which is suitable for observing the environmental dynamics above its head, hence the name "Looking at the sky goldfish". This fish's eyeball is black, surrounded by three golden eyes, commonly known as the three-ring moon, which is an important feature of precious goldfish looking up to the sky. Looking up to heaven goldfish is slightly short and stout, with developed caudal fin, divided into four leaves and slightly drooping, and its back is smooth and without dorsal fin, which is the original variety characteristic of looking up to heaven goldfish. In recent years, Beijing has successfully cultivated Wang Tian with a complete dorsal fin.
The species of goldfish is called dorsal fin looking up to the sky goldfish. The common strains in Wang Tiantian are Wang Tiantian Red, Wang Tiantian Blue, Wang Tiantian Red and White, Wang Tiantian White and Wang Tiantian Five, and the variation varieties are Wang Tianqiu Red and Wang Tianqiu Five.
Dragon-backed goldfish is also a kind of dragon goldfish, which is characterized by no dorsal fin, eyeball protruding out of the orbit like longan goldfish, lateral pupil, gill cover, head and nostrils normal, and caudal fin sticking out with 4 leaves, which is the same as Tianzhu goldfish. The original variety of dragon-backed goldfish is red dragon-backed goldfish. In recent years, different strains of dragon-backed goldfish have appeared, with different body colors.
According to incomplete statistics, at present, there are more than 60 strains and varieties of dragon goldfish. They are an important group of goldfish in the exhibition now, and they are the main appreciation objects of goldfish lovers at home and abroad, and their prices are extremely high in the international market.
Egg goldfish are blunt, short, round and thick, oval, most species have no dorsal fin, and the caudal fin is short or developed, with 4 leaves. The representative species are tiger-headed goldfish with short and slightly rounded tail fin (the most primitive species in goldfish family), fluffy goldfish with long tail fin, blister goldfish and Feng Danjin goldfish, red-headed goldfish and gill-turning goldfish. In recent years, the tail fin length of the big-tailed tiger-headed goldfish can exceed the body length.
1. The scales, gill covers and nostrils of the tiger-headed goldfish are normal, and there are well-developed sarcomas on the head, cheeks and palate. The sarcoma on the top of the head is obviously covered, and sometimes the concave and convex head is slightly textured with the word "Wang", which is even more magnificent, hence the name "Tiger Head Goldfish". Tiger-headed goldfish has no dorsal fin, and its caudal fin has 4 leaves and is symmetrical. According to body color, it can be divided into red tiger head goldfish, yellow tiger head goldfish, silver white tiger head goldfish, red tiger head goldfish, red-eyed yellow tiger head goldfish and other strains, and according to tail shape, it can be divided into big-tailed red tiger head goldfish, big-tailed white tiger head goldfish and big-tailed red white tiger head goldfish. Tiger-headed goldfish is easy to adapt to the changes of hot and cold weather in Beijing, and it spreads widely in Beijing, and it is easy to adapt to extensive feeding management and has a long life.
2. The head, gill cover, eyes and scales of fluffy goldfish are all normal, and the nasal septum is fluffy. This hairball develops obviously after goldfish is half a year old. 1? At the age of 2 or 3, it has the most ornamental value. With the growth of goldfish age, the two balls are easy to be scattered or irregular, and the ornamental value decreases. The fluffy goldfish swam around in the water, and the two balls fluttered with the water, which made the viewer tired of watching for a long time. According to its body color, it can be divided into red velvet ball, blue velvet ball, purple velvet ball, red and white velvet ball, five-flowered velvet ball, white velvet ball and other strains, and the variation varieties include big-tailed velvet ball goldfish and gill-turning velvet ball goldfish.
3. Bubble-eyed goldfish is also called bubble-eyed toad head. Its characteristic is that the eye socket is the same as that of the ordinary dzi-bead goldfish, but the eyeball is the same as that of the ordinary goldfish, forming a big eye socket and a small eye socket. The eye socket is located in the upper part of the eye socket, which is filled with yellowish translucent liquid, such as bubbles, and its bubble film is very thin, hanging outside the eye socket like two transparent spheres. When a fish swims, it swings from side to side with the water waves, which makes it interesting. Its blisters are in goldfish 2? At the age of 4, he developed best and was the most beautiful. Top blisters are symmetrical, equal in size and color. Once the damaged liquid flows out, it is difficult to restore the original state for life, and the ornamental value is greatly reduced. Goldfish with blister eyes include red blister eyes, blue blister eyes, yellow blister eyes, silvery white blister eyes, purple blister eyes, ink blister eyes, cinnabar blister eyes, red and white blister eyes, and streaky blister eyes (bred in Shanghai for the first time in 1985), etc., and the variation variety is goldfish with blister eyes.
4. The scales, gills, nostrils and head of Feng Dan goldfish are normal, with a slightly shorter body, a flat and narrow head and fins. The four leaves of the caudal fin are particularly slender like cicadas and phoenix tails, hence the name "Feng Dan", which is one of the ancient goldfish varieties. Its representative strains are red Feng Dan, blue Fengdan and Wuhua Feng Dan. Wuhuadanfeng is one of the most admired rare goldfish in Japan in 1960s. 1In the autumn of 963, during the visit of Japanese Minister of Foreign Trade to China, 30 koi fish were exchanged for 30 golden fish with five flowers and red phoenix in Beijing Zoo.
5. Red-headed goldfish is also known as Yuanbao Red or Qi Gill Red. It is an ancient variety in the goldfish family, which is a hybrid of red and white goldfish. Its head is flat and narrow, its eyes are normal, it has no dorsal fin, its anal fin is big, and its caudal fin has four leaves, which is particularly developed and grows up. The whole body is white, but the head is bright red, which is very eye-catching. It is one of the rare varieties of goldfish. Those with regular red spots in front of cheeks are top grades, and individuals with red spots on cheeks should not be selected. It is also reported that goldfish under 1 year old are prone to head erythema due to improper management of water change.
6. The gill-turning goldfish is oval, with a flat and slightly wide head, normal eyes and no dorsal fin. The caudal fin grows in four leaves, and the gill cover turns outwards, exposing some gill filaments. It is an early variety in the goldfish family. Poor adaptability to the environment, and rarely live long in reproduction. According to the body color, it can be divided into red gill-turning strain and five-flowered gill-turning strain, and the variation varieties include gill-turning dzi beads, gill-turning caps, gill-turning dzi beads, and gill-turning tiger heads.
According to incomplete statistics, the total number of strains and varieties of egg goldfish has reached more than 40 kinds, all of which are important objects of modern goldfish connoisseurs, and their prices are extremely high in the international market.
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