Confucianism once occupied a dominant position in the traditional culture of China. In view of the inheritance of culture and the inevitability of its influence on mental health, we should pay full attention to the psychological counseling value of Confucianism. The article emphasizes that
It is inappropriate to rigidly deny the value of Confucian psychological consultation. Starting from the common problems of psychological counseling, this paper preliminarily discusses nine aspects that Confucianism may contribute to psychological counseling: the meaning of life and coping.
Life and death education, grief counseling, psychological adjustment, interpersonal cognition, social life skills, personality development, psychological counseling skills, etc. Then it discusses that Confucianism is the resource and psychology is the purpose.
By combing and developing, developing, operating and verifying, the methodological problems of Confucian psychological counseling theory are constructed. Confucianism, Confucianism, psychological counseling, mental health, culture.
1 the necessity of studying the value of Confucian psychological counseling
Confucianism refers to "the school founded by Confucius at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period in China." According to the representative, "Confucianism has the following characteristics:? Confucius, the master, regards his words and deeds as the highest criterion; ? Use "poetry" and "book"
"Le", "Li",
Yi and Chunqiu are classics; ? Advocate benevolence and righteousness as a code of conduct;
Maintain the relationship between monarch and minister, father and son, husband and wife and brothers. "[ 1 ]
As far as the historical function of Confucianism is concerned, since the Western Han Dynasty, Confucianism has become the mainstream ideology of China's major dynasties, which has a great influence on China. "Until more than 2000 years before the May 4th Movement.
Confucianism had the greatest influence and the longest duration in the history of China, and dominated the academic circles in China. "[2]" I still believe in Confucianism (of course, Confucius and.
The Analects of Confucius may have played an irreplaceable role in shaping and constructing the cultural and psychological structure of the Han nationality. "[ 3 ]
Therefore, we can't avoid Confucianism in studying China people or solving China people's problems. This conclusion also applies to hair.
Show the theory and technology of psychological counseling compatible with China culture. Therefore, it is the social culture of China to study the value of Confucian psychological counseling.
Realistic requirements.
In fact, theoretically, this proposition also lies in the natural relationship between culture and mental health: first, culture affects people's evaluation of mental patients. For example, it is also an evaluation of mental patients.
,
Americans often say that "people with mental illness are unstable, and"
Danger "view [4]. People in China often think that they have psychological problems and lose face, and often give moral evaluation to mental patients [5].
. This leads to different ways for patients to seek help [6]; Secondly, culture affects the expression of symptoms of mental illness. Such as neurasthenia in China and Susto in Latin America.
A frightening event caused the soul to leave the body and the symptoms of the disease appeared [7]; Third, culture also affects the process of psychological counseling and treatment. For example, it is found that Asian Americans show low tolerance for uncertainty in the process of psychological counseling, tend to be structured in situations and practices, and expect to solve problems quickly.
Page 1/22
[8] Visitors from China tend to accept the direct guidance of consultants [9] C Ross directly pointed out that "culture is the support of society and the solution of problems."
A deep spring of good health and spiritual happiness "[10]. Thus, culture is an organic factor that constitutes mental health problems, so it is necessary to solve the mental health problems of China people.
, have to consider efforts from the perspective of China culture. Of course, this statement does not confirm the universality of mental health mechanism, but emphasizes this point from a more accurate perspective.
Scholars have realized the necessity of studying mental health from a cultural perspective. There are more and more works on mental health from the perspective of China culture. For example, some scholars enter from the perspective of Taoism and Buddhism.
A lot of research has been done. [ 1 1, 13 ]
However, few people study psychological counseling from Confucianism, the mainstream of China culture. Just like in a psychological database.
3. Supported by the Behavioral Health Research Center of the University of Hong Kong and the "985 Project" special fund of Sun Yat-sen University.
In P syc IN FO, only the abstracts of two related dissertations were retrieved.
This result is rare for psychological literature retrieval, which can easily retrieve hundreds of related documents. In these two reports, one discusses the enlightenment of Confucian self-cultivation thought to psychological counseling [14].
, talk about the influence of Confucianism on psychological counseling under the cultural background of China [15]. straight
Then, it makes a positive and overall discussion on Confucian psychological counseling, that is, the research report on combing the origin of Confucianism, refining the core concepts and constructing a systematic psychological counseling theory has not yet been seen. obviously
This research situation is inconsistent with the realistic influence of Confucianism in China.
In addition, the value of Confucian psychological counseling is also the root cause.
Research hotspot in the field of mental health-enlightenment from the research on belief and health and mental health. Belief and mental health problems that were not paid attention to by mainstream psychology in the past were even considered as psychology and
Frontier problems of psychosomatic medicine [16, 18]. In this way, if we want to study China people's beliefs, health and mental health, we have to learn from them.
Let's start with Confucianism. Because, judging from historical facts, Confucianism has long been the core of China people's spiritual belief. "The Analects of Confucius was publicized, disseminated and displayed by those' truths'.
Norms, concepts and ideas have been passed down from generation to generation, which have permeated China's political and religious system, social habits, psychological habits and people's behavior thoughts for two thousand years.
Think, speak and act. "[ 3 ]
Therefore, to solve the mental health problems of China people, especially from the perspective of China culture, we must attach importance to Confucianism.
Just because it's inevitable doesn't mean it's possible. theoretically
In fact, what is the possibility of the value of Confucian psychological counseling? This can be seen from two aspects: the development law of historical resources and psychological counseling;
First of all, does ancient knowledge have modern value? The answer to this question depends on whether the psychology (spirit) of modern people and ancient people is the same.
* * * Universal, homosexual and adaptable to modern psychology. It should be admitted that there is a difference between ancient people and modern people. This is mainly reflected in the psychology of ancient people and modern people caused by different social structures.
Differences in content. However, in the abstract, regardless of ancient and modern times, we must deal with the problems of people and themselves, people and people, and people and society. Therefore, ancient times
2/22 pages
What several generations care about may also be what modern people care about. Furthermore, the development of human knowledge is inherited and accumulated. Such as the main concepts used by Confucius, such as "fate", "benevolence" and "ceremony",
For more than two thousand years, it has been playing a continuous role in the social life of China. In other words, the inheritance of culture determines the values and other hearts of ancestors and descendants.
Different degrees of consistency in theory. Therefore, the psychological thought of ancient people also applies to modern people to a certain extent. Therefore, from the perspective of subject integration, we should construct or develop from Confucianism.
It is possible to develop modern psychological counseling theory.
Secondly, from the content of Confucianism, Confucianism can
Modern psychological counseling provides a source of knowledge. Speaking of Confucianism, people often think it is political. In fact, from the pre-Qin dynasty to the late Qing dynasty, Confucianism experienced a complicated evolution process, showing a concentric and multifaceted form.
, formed the life Confucianism, ethics Confucianism, political Confucianism and other Confucian branches [19]. Life Confucianism
Learning is the first thing that happens in Confucianism, and its core idea is summed up in the words of Confucius, that is, the spirit of "benevolence". The value orientation of "benevolence" stipulates the values of what people think and how to be a man.
; Ethical Confucianism emphasizes the difference between human beings and animals, emphasizes people's cognition of consanguinity and affection, and advocates standardizing and forming people's sociality through ritual and music education. This is reflected in the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members.
Face; Political Confucianism is a political theory and system designed by Confucianism according to its own life and social ideas. For life Confucianism, it is concerned with people's spiritual survival.
. "Confucius' knowledge is called' benevolence', which is in terms of its ideals. As far as its reality is concerned, the study of Confucius can be called' human studies'. " [20] "The root of Confucian tradition.
This concern is to learn how to be a person. "[2] and the purpose of modern psychological counseling is to solve people's psychological problems, improve adaptability and promote people's growth [4]. Since Confucianism regards "adults"
"For this purpose, Confucianism, especially life Confucianism, should fundamentally answer the question of how people survive. This cannot but involve people and themselves, people and people, people and society.
Lots of questions. Around these problems, Confucianism gave its own explanation or identification, such as the meaning of life, frustration, interpersonal relationship, physical and mental adjustment and so on. etc
. These problems are quite consistent with those discussed in modern psychological counseling. Since the two are quite consistent, we should explore psychological counseling resources from Confucianism, especially life Confucianism.
The source is possible.
In fact, most modern western psychological counseling theories have their cultural or philosophical traditions. For example, from Freud's theory, we can see the shadow of ancient Greek hedonism [2 1]. Say it again,
Frank's meaning therapy, which is popular in the west at present, also has the background of Jewish religious thought [22]. This kind of enlightenment, the basic idea of Confucianism about people's spiritual life, can also be realized.
So as to form the philosophical and cultural foundation of psychological counseling theory suitable for China people's culture.
In a word, the research on the value of psychological counseling of Confucianism not only stems from the fact that Confucianism is the mainstream of China's historical and cultural tradition, but also lies in the fact that Confucianism has become an integral part of China people's psychological life.
Moreover, from the experience of western psychological counseling development, it is also inseparable from the nutrition of traditional culture.
2 Confucian psychological counseling value orientation
I believe many people have doubts about the proposition of the psychological counseling value of Confucianism: what should be the positive and negative effects of Confucianism on mental health? What is the role of Confucianism in psychological counseling?
What is the relationship between Confucian psychological counseling theory and other psychological counseling theories? Wait a minute. Fundamentally speaking, these problems all involve Confucianism.
The orientation of family-oriented psychological counseling can be roughly summarized into two aspects: the modern psychological value of Confucianism,
3/22 pages
The role orientation of Confucian psychological counseling.
2. 1 Modern psychological value of Confucianism
This problem is related to the value dispute of Confucianism. At present, many people think that Confucianism is outdated and even has a negative impact on people's psychology.
This paper holds that this understanding is not comprehensive. Of course, Confucianism has its negative side, such as China's ethical problems caused by Confucianism.
People label psychological problems as shame, [5] but Confucianism also has a positive effect on people's psychology. For example, empirical research shows that Confucianism takes hardship as its growth path.
, has a clear positive effect on mental health [23] and so on.
The basic proposition of this paper is that the psychological function of Confucianism is pluralistic.
There are both positive and negative aspects. Apply to the positive and correct the negative. The purpose of exploring the psychological counseling value of Confucianism is to explore the value of Confucianism.
Positive or suitable knowledge for psychological counseling, and make it psychological. As for the negative impact of Confucianism on mental health, similar people need to study it in depth, rather than superficial specious subjective assumptions.
Judge.
2.2 Confucian psychological counseling role orientation
Some scholars may think that Confucianism should solve all psychological problems by exploring the psychological counseling value of Confucianism. This text
Without such a single view, the basic position is that Confucianism cannot solve all psychological problems. Just as behaviorism and humanism have their own application fields. Therefore, Confucian psychological counseling and other schools
The relationship of psychological consultation should not replace the relationship, but supplement it. It's just like humanism can't completely replace psychoanalysis, admit
Knowledge school can't replace behaviorism school.
It can be seen that the value of Confucian psychological counseling is not to deny the value of western mental health theories or disciplines, but to make psychological counseling more compatible with the culture of the clients, with more perfect theories and more diverse technologies.
A new attempt is put forward from the angle of ….
3 the content of Confucian psychological counseling
The above respectively demonstrated the necessity, possibility and orientation of Confucian psychological counseling. So, what aspects of Confucianism can constitute the content of modern psychological counseling? Obviously, this is the core of Confucianism.
The core of consulting value.
This question is difficult to answer. This is because Confucianism has gradually developed into a huge ideological system in the long river of history, involving many fields such as society, culture and life. and
, how to make the ancient ideas and now?
Represented by disciplines, the combination of Chinese and western cultures is also in concrete operation.
It is not easy to grasp. Therefore, to explore the value of Confucian psychological counseling, we should first consider the theoretical basis of determining the content of Confucian psychological counseling.
So, what is the standard basis? From a theoretical point of view, we should sort out the potential of Confucianism according to the contents and objectives of contemporary psychological counseling.
Psychological consultation thought.
Psychological counseling is one of the disciplines to maintain mental health. Although psychological counseling mainly includes correction and