Elegant music, as its name implies, is elegant music. Elegant music is the ancient court music in China. The system of elegant music was formulated in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, which was isomorphic with law and etiquette and became the internal and external pillar of aristocratic rule. It has always been an important part of East Asian music and dance culture. The court music score has been lost in China, and only Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese have been preserved. Shortly after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the elegant music of the Zhou Dynasty ordered the Duke of Zhou to establish various etiquette and ritual music in the aristocratic life, so that music could serve his royal rule. This part of music and dance is the so-called "elegant music". Including ancient totem, witchcraft and other religious activities in music, dance and sacrifice music, as well as folk music in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Various aristocratic ceremonies in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty recorded in Zhou Li, among which the ones related to elegant music are: * Jiaodu: offering sacrifices to the god of heaven and earth; Tasting: the sacrificial ceremony of the nobles to their ancestors; * Catering: political banquets, etc. Including big meals, Yan Li, big shooting, providing for the aged and so on. * Village shooting: a meeting between village bureaucrats and landlords; * Presented by Wang Shida: the triumph celebration held when the war was won; * marching field suit: used for hunting in the nature of military exercises. As the ruling means-the tool of ritual and music education, the status and function of music and dance art have also been mentioned to an unprecedented height. In the etiquette activities of the Zhou Dynasty, it is strictly stipulated that different scenes should use different music. Its main purpose is to edify the aristocrats attending the ceremony with ethical education and create a solemn, solemn, quiet and harmonious atmosphere. The lyrics of various major ceremony music are mostly included in the "elegance", "elegance" and "ode" in the Book of Songs. A few belong to the "South". With the decline of the Zhou Dynasty and the development of society, folk music gradually replaced elegant music. The nobles were tired of elegant music and turned to pop music. For example, as recorded in Yue Ji, Wei Wenhou "listened to ancient music with a crown and dared not lie down; I can never get tired of listening to the voices of Zheng and Wei. " Therefore, Confucius once lamented: "The ceremony collapsed and the music was bad." The elegant music with the ceremony began to have a strong flavor of life, and then gradually became solemn, mysterious and dull. Musical Instruments The main musical instruments of Yayue are chimes and chimes. Both of them are hung on the upper and lower floors, and tapping the bells and chins of different sizes can convey high and low music. Other musical instruments are: * special bell * special chime * bell: square, like a bucket, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which can be sounded with a mallet; * Yi: Tiger-shaped wood carving musical instrument with concave and convex parts on the back, which will make music when brushed; Guqin * Beat: Drum * Drum * Beat: A round ceramic instrument similar to grapefruit, with holes on the surface, which can be pronounced by blowing. The technique of making musical instruments in the Zhou Dynasty has reached a fairly high level. During the period of 1978, there were as many as 124 pieces of ancient musical instruments unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi (the tomb of the early Warring States period) unearthed in Leigudun, Suizhou, Hubei Province, among which 56 pieces of chimes were particularly beautifully made. Japanese gagaku Japanese gagaku (ががく) was originally introduced from China and North Korea. In the first year of Dabao in Japan (70 1), Yale Liao was established as a base for training Yale talents. Elegant music means "elegant music is suitable for dancing" and "elegant music" in Chinese. Like North Korea, it was compiled according to the Confucian thought of rites and music, which was the joy of offering sacrifices in China's ancestral temple. However, Japanese gagaku is different from Chinese gagaku. During the reign of Emperor Akihito, the Japanese reorganized gagaku into two parts: left (Tang Le, Linyi and some music imported from India) and right (Korea and other music imported from North Korea). Musicians who play elegant music are mostly royal attendants. Vietnamese Yayue Vietnamese Yayue (Nha Nhac), also known as Lin, has been included in the United Nations representative of the oral and intangible heritage of mankind. In Vietnam, gagaku performs as venue music in about 65,438+000 ceremonies every year, including anniversaries and religious festivals, as well as special events (such as coronation, funeral or official reception). Vietnamese gagaku was on the verge of maturity in Ruan Dynasty (A.D. 1802 ~ 1945). Elegant music became an important part of the court ceremony. The King of Ruan Dynasty supported Yayue to allow it to be officially used as court music, giving it a special status and making it a symbol of a dynasty's strength and longevity. Yarra's music system is dominated by court bands and features a variety of musical instruments. Musicians need to maintain a deep mental state in order to concentrate on following the long ceremonies at all stages. Yayue is also full of spiritual contents, such as paying tribute to gods and kings and transmitting philosophical thoughts (such as Vietnamese theory of natural evolution). Broadly speaking, gagaku has become the source of contemporary Vietnamese music, not only around the court based on pentatonic scale, but also deeply into the real life of Vietnamese people. In the 20th century, the chaotic events that shocked Vietnam-especially the monarchy and decades of war-seriously threatened the survival of Yarraa. First of all, it has been deprived of the court form, and this music tradition has lost its original social function. Now the few remaining former court musicians are trying to maintain the tradition of elegant music, and they want to pass on their skills to the younger generation in their lifetime. The charm of gagaku lies in its unique musical instruments and melodies, its unique way of performance, and its unique charm of solemnity, solemnity and elegance, which gives the audience a mysterious feeling of fearing heaven, remembering their ancestors and praying for the future. What I want to put forward here is a historical fact: Yayue has lasted for 3,000 years in the history of China, and it embodies the wisdom and creative spirit of the Chinese nation. As early as the Han and Tang Dynasties, it spread to Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Laos and other countries, and now Japan and South Korea have Yarraa research centers. In 2003, Vietnamese gagaku was included in the oral and intangible cultural heritage of mankind, but gagaku was "dumb" in its hometown of China for more than 100 years. References:
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