Open tender means that the tenderer invites unspecified legal persons or other organizations to bid by means of tender announcement.
Invitation to bid means that a tenderer invites a specific legal person or other organization to bid in the form of an invitation to bid.
2. The third tender method commonly used in the world is negotiation.
Bidding negotiation is also called non-competitive bidding or designated bidding. In this way, the owner invites one contractor, not more than two contractors, to negotiate directly. It is actually a form of contract negotiation. This method is suitable for projects with low engineering cost, tight construction period, strong professionalism or military secrecy. Its advantages are that it can save time, reach an agreement easily and start work quickly. The disadvantage is that you can't get a competitive offer.
The main bidding methods adopted in China are public bidding and invitation bidding. No special circumstances, try to avoid consultation.
3, the difference between public bidding and invitation to bid:
(1) Different invitees: the invitees in public bidding are unspecified legal persons or other organizations; The object of invitation to tender is a specific legal person or other organization.
(2) Different notification methods: In Article 16 of the Bidding Law, if a tenderer adopts open bidding, it shall issue a tender announcement. The tender announcement of a project subject to tender according to law shall be published through newspapers, information networks or other media designated by the state; Invitation to bid means that a tenderer sends a tender invitation letter to a limited number of specific legal persons or other organizations (suppliers or contractors) without issuing a tender announcement.
(3) Different degrees of competition: Article 17 of the Tendering and Bidding Law, if a tenderee adopts the method of inviting tenders, it shall issue invitations to bid to three or more specific legal persons or other organizations that have the ability to undertake the project subject to tender and have good credit standing. It can be seen that there are more than three bidders in the invitation bidding, while the public bidding is aimed at unspecified legal persons or other organizations, as long as qualified bidders can participate, and the competition is very fierce.
Extended data:
The prerequisite for adopting the method of inviting tenders is a better understanding of market supply and suppliers or contractors. On this basis, we should also consider the specific situation of the project subject to tender:
First, the technology of the project subject to tender is novel, complex or professional, and it can only be selected from a limited range of suppliers or contractors;
Second, the value of the bidding project itself is low, and the tenderer can only achieve the purpose of saving and improving efficiency by limiting the number of bidders.
Thirdly, in order to ensure a proper degree of competition in bidding, bidders should invite as many legal persons or other organizations as possible to send them invitations to bid, in addition to a limited number of potential bidders, so as to ensure effective competition.
References:
Bidding-Baidu Encyclopedia
People's Republic of China (PRC) bidding law * * _ Baidu Encyclopedia