The work of community nursing includes. Community nursing combines public health and nursing knowledge and skills, and provides services for clients, individuals and families with the help of organized social forces based on the community. Let's take a look at what the work of community nursing includes.
The work of community nursing includes 1, mainly including prevention, protection and promotion:
(1) Prevention refers to the prevention of diseases and injuries, which is embodied in nursing services such as community clinics and family beds, and participation in health care activities such as regular physical examination, disinfection, epidemic prevention and vaccination;
(2) Protection refers to protecting residents from harmful substances in the environment. It is embodied in undertaking health management work such as signing service contracts in the community, establishing family health records, prohibiting smoking in public places, inspecting drinking water and food hygiene, and limiting environmental pollution in community room decoration;
(3) arrange some activities to promote the health of community residents, which is embodied in organizing community residents to carry out some beneficial activities of national fitness and promoting family planning.
The contents of community nursing include 2 1, community health care;
2. Family health care;
3. Health care guidance for key groups;
4. Health education;
5. Planned immunization and vaccination;
6. Regular health examination;
7. Nursing care of patients with chronic diseases, disabled people and mentally retarded people at home;
8. Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases;
9, to undertake the liaison and coordination of community health service related personnel;
10, conditional can become the administrator of community health service, undertake the work of community health management.
The work content of community nursing includes three abilities of community nursing:
1. Interpersonal communication and communication skills-Community nursing needs not only the support and help of partners, but also the understanding and cooperation of clients: the main partners of community nurses include other health workers in community health service stations, such as general practitioners, and community managers, such as street and street workers; The object of community nursing is all residents in the community, such as patients, family members and healthy people.
2. Comprehensive nursing ability-Comprehensive nursing ability mainly includes nursing skills of various specialties and nursing skills of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. According to the definition of community nursing and the main responsibilities of community nurses, community nurses are general nurses, who will face all kinds of patients and disabled people, such as patients after surgery, patients recovering from stroke, mental patients or dying patients and so on.
3. Ability to judge and solve problems independently-community nurses are different from hospital nurses and often work independently. In hospitals, nurses can often discuss and solve problems with other nurses, head nurses or doctors. But in the community, community nurses will independently carry out various nursing operations, independently use nursing procedures, independently carry out health education, and independently consult or guide. In addition, there is a gap between the nursing conditions and equipment of community service stations and patients' homes and medical institutions, which requires community nurses to have higher ability to solve problems or deal with emergencies. Therefore, the ability of independent judgment, problem solving or contingency is very important for community nurses.
4. Foresight ability-Foresight ability is mainly used in preventive services and is one of the main responsibilities of community nurses. Community nurses have the responsibility to provide preventive guidance and services for patients or disabled people, families and healthy people. In the hospital, clinical nurses mainly use forward thinking, that is, to find solutions to existing problems and implement them; In the community, community nurses should not only use positive thinking, but also use reverse thinking, that is, find out the potential factors that may lead to problems before they occur, so as to take measures in advance to avoid or reduce the occurrence of problems.
5. Organization and management ability-On the one hand, community nurses should provide direct nursing services to community residents, on the other hand, they should mobilize all positive factors in the community, make full use of various resources in the community, and vigorously carry out various forms of "health promotion activities". Community nurses are sometimes responsible for the arrangement of personnel, materials and various activities, and sometimes organize the staff of institutions with similar interests or problems in the community to study, such as the training of nursing home attendants or the guidance of restaurant staff on tableware disinfection, which require certain organizational and management skills;
6. Investigate scientific research ability-Community nurses not only shoulder the responsibility of providing community nursing services for community residents, but also shoulder the heavy responsibility of developing community nursing and perfecting nursing disciplines. Therefore, community nurses should first enrich their theoretical knowledge and improve their professional level. Nursing is a developing subject, and nurses can only adapt to the development of nursing by continuous learning. Secondly, community nurses should have basic scientific research knowledge and be able to carry out community nursing scientific research activities independently or jointly with others. In the practice of community nursing, he is good at summing up experience, innovating and exploring the community nursing model suitable for China's national conditions, which has promoted the development of community nursing in China.
7. Self-protection ability-The self-protection ability of community nurses mainly includes two aspects, namely legal self-protection and personal self-protection. First of all, community nurses often provide risky medical care services in non-medical institutions, such as intravenous infusion in patients' homes. Community nurses should strengthen their legal awareness, not only record patients' illness completely, but also sign relevant agreements with patients or their families as legal basis before providing some medical care services. Secondly, community nurses should avoid carrying valuables and pay attention to their own protection when providing nursing services in non-medical institutions.