What is IEOR?
IEOR (Industrial Engineering and Operations Research) is a compound major that integrates engineering, management, quantitative business, mathematics, statistics, data analysis and other fields. In recent years, because of itself. The attribute of "quantitative panacea", coupled with excellent employment choice and employment rate, has become the professional choice of many students.
IEOR projects are mainly divided into the following categories:
Financial and management applications (financial and management applications)
Business analysis (business analysis)
Entrepreneurship and innovation (entrepreneurship and innovation)
Logistics and supply chain management (logistics and supply chain management)
Optimization (optimization)
Application probability (application probability)
Management and marketing. Science engineering? (Management Science Engineering)
Industrial engineers solve business problems from the perspective of economics. Application of computer science analyzed the data and developed a decision support system, using psychology to ensure that human factors in the system were fully understood and explained. )
Different institutions have different settings for IEOR. The following are two branches of IEOR:
industrial engineering
Industrial engineering (IE) is to study the design, improvement and implementation of an integrated system composed of people, materials, information, equipment and energy. It applies the knowledge and skills of mathematics, physics and social sciences, and combines the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to explain, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained by this comprehensive system. Simply put, it is a profession that makes production processes, products or systems better.
Generally speaking, industrial engineering (IE) can be divided into the following categories;
Human factors (human factors)
Manufacturing (manufacturing industry)
Production (production)
Supply chain management
Traffic (transportation)
OR-operations research
OR is an important theoretical basis in IE, and many IE departments also have OR directions, so some departments are often called IEOR or ORIE.
Some schools or as an independent department/college, such as the operations research center of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Or it is biased towards business analysis, logistics planning, metalworking and so on. And there are certain requirements for students' mathematics and programming ability.
Other OR's are set in the department of mathematics, which is not the mainstream. Generally, they tend to optimize the direction and solve some theoretical proof problems. A few schools are located in the statistics department.
MS？ vs？ first month of a season
American industrial engineering graduate programs are generally divided into two degrees:
Master of Science
Master of engineering
Master of Science is a research-oriented degree, which trains people to do research, or becomes a professor or tutor. The content of course learning also emphasizes critical research and antagonistic research. There are many basic theory courses, and graduation thesis is required for graduation.
Master of engineering is a professional degree, and it is more employment-oriented. Most of them go to work directly after finishing graduate school. There are many courses in engineering and technology, and there is no need for graduation thesis examination.
Taking the UCB IEOR program as an example, let's look at the differences between the two degrees:
Master of Science
("Our Ph.D. and Master of Science courses will provide you with the latest theories, calculation tools and research methods to prepare for discoveries in academia or industry. You will learn and innovate in a wide range of fields such as artificial intelligence, high technology, health care, energy, finance, consulting, data science, management, robotics, logistics and human factors. " )
Master of engineering
"Meng Project in Industrial Engineering and Operational Research" combines business-oriented courses with application-oriented courses in industrial engineering and operational research, emphasizing optimization analysis, risk modeling, simulation and data analysis. Machine learning and data science are exciting new topics, which combine the results of randomness and optimization to provide more and more products and services. It aims to help students prepare for professional practice, clearly develop skills in managing complex projects, and guide financial and operational affairs. ”)
Differences between IEOR at home and abroad
Not only foreign universities, but also many domestic universities have set up industrial engineering majors. Today, we will look at the differences of industrial engineering at home and abroad from the perspective of curriculum and future employment direction.
course
Main degree courses of industrial engineering masters in domestic universities: mathematical statistics, random courses, matrix theory, numerical analysis, operational research, management, computer network, advanced manufacturing engineering, etc.
Let's take a look at the core courses of the Master of Industrial Engineering program at Georgia Institute of Technology:
Manufacturing system? (manufacturing system)
Storage system? (storage system)
Supply chain engineering I? (supply chain engineering I)
Advanced engineering economics (engineering economics)
And Cornell university's m.eng.inieer core course:
Optimization modeling (optimization modeling)
Stochastic modeling (stochastic process modeling)
Data science and statistical modeling (data science and statistical modeling)
Modeling and data analysis based on spreadsheet? (Modeling and data analysis based on Excel)
Employment direction
At present, the active employment direction of domestic industrial engineering mainly includes production management, quality management, planning or engineering work, such as inventory management of e-commerce, warehouse planning, functional design planning of urban planning and design institute, etc.
It is not difficult to see that there are not many college students in China who can really find jobs corresponding to their majors. Most jobs after college deviate from IE, and many jobs do not include people who need industrial engineering, because the understanding of industrial engineering in China is very limited.
However, for overseas industrial engineering employment, it is still booming, and the employment direction is also the most complicated among all engineering majors, such as data direction in computer fields such as big data analysis, machine learning, data mining, and financial direction, which are optional.
Therefore, the professional direction offered in China is biased towards more traditional industries such as production management, which is slightly limited; On the other hand, the specialization of fields set up by foreign universities has broken the limitation of majors and has branched into various fields.
Suitable for students applying for IEOR
Background requirements
IEOR programs are generally suitable for students with engineering/computer/mathematics/statistics/economy/finance and other related undergraduate backgrounds.
According to the admission data of UC Berkeley official website 20 18, there were more than 500 applicants in the fall of 20 18, of which 72% were engineering majors, of which 29% were industrial engineering and operational research majors, and 28% were finance, mathematics, economics, statistics and related majors.
Pre-class requirements
Schools offering IEOR majors generally require applicants to take courses first, and usually require applicants to have strong mathematical ability (multivariate calculus/linear algebra/probability theory/statistics).
Prerequisites for the Industrial and Operational Engineering (IOE) project in Ann Arbor, Michigan:
Similarly, the requirements of Cornell University's m. eng in IEOR project are as follows: including linear algebra, calculus and so on.
abstract
Applicants majoring in industrial engineering and operational research should have engineering, mathematics, science or computer background, and have strong quantitative analysis, mathematical modeling and computer programming skills.
Employment direction
Graduates majoring in IEOR can obtain broad employment opportunities in engineering, management, scientific research, consulting, finance and other fields. After graduation, most of them are engaged in analytical work in the technical or product departments of enterprises, such as industrial engineers or mechanical engineers. Some will become business managers and department heads, and some graduates will work in four major fields, such as PricewaterhouseCoopers and Deloitte.
In addition, IEOR can also work in American e-commerce companies such as Amazon and Wayfair, as well as major airlines such as UA and AA. Working conditions are generally at the upper-middle level throughout the United States. The starting salary for graduate students can reach $60,000 per year.
At the beginning of the article, it is also mentioned that IEOR belongs to the "quantitative omnipotence" major, so it is better to study this major in all fields of employment, consulting finance and so on. In addition, IEOR belongs to STEM, with three years of OPT in the United States, and the employment situation is also optimistic.
IEOR has many connections with financial technology, supply chain, industrial optimization and process design. For many students who like engineering, they not only want to learn particularly solid knowledge and technology, but also don't want to be trapped by their majors. IEOR has a wide range of knowledge and applications, and it is definitely worth a try.
Qingyou also helped a student successfully change careers. He majored in business, had no quant background, and his math class was limited to the most basic calculus course, so he got UCB IEOR offer and successfully won a scholarship of 20,000 US dollars!
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