The monarch at the end of Xia Dynasty: Xia Jie.
The last kings of Shang Dynasty: Di Xin and Shang Zhouwang. ?
Western Weekend Jun: Zhou Youwang. ?
Main reasons:
1, the ruling class is ignorant, cruel and enterprising, seeking only pleasure.
With the rise of local strongmen, the prestige of the central government is extremely low.
3. Farmers live in poverty and pay heavy taxes.
4. The disadvantages of slave society itself make it impossible for the ruling class to rule for a long time.
5. Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties are the inevitable result of feudal system in slave countries.
6. The centralization was not strengthened, resulting in the actual power in the hands of local governors.
7. The irrationality of slavery society will inevitably be replaced by feudal society.
Extended data:
Xia dynasty opened the hereditary system:
Xia dynasty (about 2070- 1600? [1-3]) is the first hereditary dynasty recorded in the history books of China. There are a certain number of bronze and jade ritual vessels in the cultural relics of the Xia Dynasty, dating from the late Neolithic Age to the early Bronze Age.
According to historical records, Biography of Yu was written, which changed the abdication system of primitive tribes and initiated the hereditary system in China for nearly 4,000 years. Therefore, the "home world" in China's history began with the establishment of the Xia Dynasty.
1 1 tribes of Xia nationality are related to the central royal family in Xia Houshi by blood, political enfeoffment and economic tribute, which roughly constitute the core territory of Xia dynasty.
Summer begins in the west of Henan Province and the south of Shanxi Province, east to the junction of Henan Province, Shandong Province and Hebei Province, south to the north of Hubei Province and north to the south of Hebei Province. The geographical centers of this area are Yanshi, Dengfeng, Xinmi and Yuzhou in Henan Province.
It is generally believed that the Xia Dynasty * * * spread from the14th generation to the17th generation (the ruler of the Xia Dynasty called it "Hou" when he was in office and "Emperor" after his death), which lasted about 47 1 year and was destroyed by the Shang Dynasty. Later generations often call themselves "Huaxia", making it synonymous with China? .
Through the study of the dynastic history of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and the tracing project of Chinese civilization, the social picture of Zhixia Shang period from 2500 BC to 1500 BC is preliminarily outlined. Six large-scale and high-grade central capitals of Xia Dynasty, including Yangcheng, Du Yu (now Wang Chenggang site in Dengfeng, Zhengzhou, Henan Province), have been included in the research focus.
There are many records about Xia Dynasty in China traditional literature. Erlitou culture discovered in western Henan province has the basic conditions of Xia culture era and geographical location, but it has not been able to find a written record similar to that of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Anyang Yin Ruins. Many Chinese and foreign historians believe that Zhen _ (Erlitou site of Xiadu, Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan Province) is the remains of Xiadu in the whole period or the first and second phases.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Western Zhou Dynasty
Baidu encyclopedia-Shang dynasty
Baidu Encyclopedia-Xia Dynasty