1. Evaluate yourself. Self-evaluation is to better understand yourself and yourself. Through scientific cognitive methods and means, such as career interest test, personality test and the evaluation of people around you, you can have a comprehensive understanding of your career interest, temperament, personality and ability, and know your own advantages and disadvantages. When evaluating yourself, be objective and calm. You can't substitute fractions for fractions. We should not only see our own advantages, but also face up to our own shortcomings. Only in this way can we avoid the blindness of design and achieve a high degree of design suitability.
2. Correct occupational analysis. Modern occupation has its own regional, industrial and post characteristics. The occupied area may be a city, a rural area, a special zone with developed economy, or a region with average economy or poverty and backwardness. Career planning and design should consider the specific characteristics of the career field, such as the special policies and environmental characteristics of this field; The development of professional role is closely related to the development of the industry in which the profession is located. In career planning, we should not only pay attention to the scale and reputation of the unit, but also deeply understand the current situation and development prospects of the industry in which we work, such as talent supply, average salary, informal group norms in the industry, etc. Different professional positions have different requirements for the quality and ability of job seekers. In career planning, we should not only know the required non-professional quality requirements, but also know the required professional quality requirements, in addition to the required general ability, but also know the required special professional ability.
3. Determine career goals. Career goals refer to people's strong pursuit and yearning for future careers, and are people's ideas and plans for future professional life. Setting goals can be a driving force for success. As the saying goes, "nothing is difficult in the world, I'm afraid there is a will." Therefore, when making career planning, the key is to establish a good goal. Anyone's career goal is bound to be restricted by social environment and social reality, and any career that meets the needs of social development and the interests of the people is correct. Therefore, it is practical and feasible for college students to combine their personal ambitions with national interests and social needs when formulating their career goals. Goals are divided into short-term goals and long-term goals. Long-term goals are generally the culmination of future career planning, while short-term goals are generally the improvement of quality and ability in the near future.
4. Cultivate the practical ability required by the occupation. The comprehensive ability and knowledge of college students are the basis for employers to choose college students. Employers not only assess their professional knowledge and skills, but also assess their ability to comprehensively apply knowledge, adapt to the environment and integrate culture and practice. In career design, college students should not only have their own reasonable knowledge structure, but also have the basic ability to engage in their own work and some professional abilities. In a sense, ability is more important than knowledge. Only with a unified and reasonable knowledge structure and various abilities to adapt to social needs can college students be in an invincible position. Generally speaking, college students should pay attention to cultivating their decision-making ability, creativity, social ability, practical operation ability, organization and management ability, self-development lifelong learning ability, psychological adjustment ability and improvisation ability to adapt to social needs.
5. Participate in beneficial vocational training. After establishing career goals, action becomes the key link. Without action, the goal cannot be achieved. Therefore, universities should be guided to participate in beneficial vocational training. Vocational training includes vocational skills training, self-employment adaptability evaluation, and scientific determination of vocational intentions. At present, there is little vocational training for college students. In fact, colleges and universities can take advantage of many opportunities, such as organizing college students to participate in "going to the countryside" social practice activities, college students' "young volunteers" activities, college students' graduation internships, college students' campus entrepreneurship activities, etc., which are all good forms of vocational training. In addition, colleges and universities can also invite successful alumni and celebrities outside the school to return to school to discuss and exchange experiences with college students; College students can engage in social part-time jobs through work-study programs; Organize students to carry out simulated vocational practice activities, carry out vocational intention evaluation and carry out vocational interest analysis and evaluation. Colleges and universities should guide college students to actively participate in beneficial vocational training, understand careers earlier and master vocational skills, so as to better carry out their own career planning and design.
6. Assessment and feedback. As the saying goes, "plan can't keep up with change", especially in the high-tech information age, change is an eternal theme. Because there are many factors affecting career planning, some changes are unpredictable. Therefore, it is necessary to guide students to pay attention to the changes in the environment at all times, so as to constantly evaluate and revise their career plans.
As the employment guidance department of colleges and universities, career planning should be regarded as the core content and important means of employment guidance, which runs through the whole process of university education. In addition to the above steps, the author believes that colleges and universities should also pay attention to the cultivation of students' psychological quality in the process of guiding students' employment.