Please discuss the confidentiality principle and confidentiality exception of psychological counseling.

A: The basic principles of psychological counseling. (1) The principle of confidentiality is to protect the privacy of visitors. This is an important principle of psychological counseling, and it is also a necessary professional ethics for psychological counselors. The confidentiality principle mainly includes: ① Psychological counselors have the responsibility to explain the confidentiality principle of consulting work and the limits of applying this principle to visitors. (2) Strictly follow the principle of confidentiality, and do not disclose or expose the confidential information of visitors without their permission. In group counseling, psychological counselors (counselors) must set confidentiality standards in advance about the self-disclosure of group members. (3) related information in psychological counseling, including case records, test materials, letters, audio and video materials, should be kept strictly confidential and sent to the archives for preservation in time. No one except psychological counselors and archivists has the right to view the archives of psychological archives. ④ Only with the consent of the visitors can the consultation process be recorded and videotaped. When discussing cases, citing teaching and writing scientific research papers for professional needs, relevant information that may be used to identify visitors should be hidden to ensure that visitors are not identified. ⑤ When providing visitors' information to the outside world (such as the press), you have the responsibility to keep the visitors' names confidential and ensure that the information content does not infringe or hurt the visitors. No false statements or reports shall be made when accepting inquiries prescribed by laws of health, justice or public security organs. ⑥ In psychological counseling, once it is found that a visitor's behavior may cause harm to himself or others' lives, necessary measures must be taken to prevent accidents (such as informing relevant departments or family members), and other professionals should be consulted as much as possible, but the exposure of relevant information should be limited to a minimum. After dealing with emergencies, you should try to make tourists responsible for their actions. (2) The confidentiality exception means that the confidentiality of visitors' information is not absolute. In some cases, for the development of psychological counseling and psychotherapy, for the benefit of others, or for the best interests of visitors, counselors are allowed to disclose visitors' information, and even required to violate confidentiality commitments. The use of confidentiality exceptions mainly includes: ① The information authorization of visitors has been obtained, and the consultant should use the authorization in strict accordance with the agreed scope. (2) Consultants are required by law to provide. Professional norms can't conflict with legal provisions. If a visitor commits a major crime, such as murder, murder plan, suicide plan, abuse of the elderly and children, the psychological counselor must report the case to the public security or procuratorial organs, which is the legal obligation of every citizen, and the psychological counselor is no exception.