The red phone is called the red machine phone, also known as the red machine, the red machine phone and the red machine. Belongs to the party and government private network telephone. In China, it refers to the confidential telephone dedicated to the party and government leaders at or above the deputy provincial level. Each red machine has a 4-digit number, which can only be connected with other mobile phones with the same 4-digit number. The whole system is encrypted. 1949, the central leading collective moved into Zhongnanhai and began to use red machines. National leaders will also take a red plane temporarily when they visit China. This kind of red telephone is used when communicating important or confidential affairs. Different from ordinary telephones, the reliability and fluency of red telephone communication are very high, and these telephones have been encrypted.
In addition to the red telephone is necessary, in some places, the internal telephone and external telephone are sometimes combined into one. Generally, this kind of telephone is set up, and you can dial short numbers of other internal telephones or ordinary numbers like ordinary telephones.
Extended data
1963 In June, the United States and the Soviet Union signed a memorandum to establish a direct communication hotline in Geneva. The purpose of this hotline is to build trust between the United States and the Soviet Union and prevent a nuclear war from erupting due to misunderstanding or contradictory information. According to the requirements of the memorandum, the US-Soviet hotline is a two-way telegraph line, passing through Washington, London, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Helsinki and Moscow, among which the communication between Washington and London is connected by the world's first transatlantic telephone cable. The terminal of the Moscow hotline is called "Red Machine".
The "red machine" has no voice call function, more like a teleprinter. This arrangement is mainly because the two heads of state are worried that voice transmission is easy to be misunderstood or misunderstood. The "red machine" was regarded as top secret by the Soviet Union. In order to ensure safety, the machine was set up in an underground cell in the Kremlin, where the czar's The Decemberists was held.
1967 the us-Soviet hotline was first used during the third middle east war. The Israeli air force dealt a heavy blow to its opponents shortly after the war. As an ally of the Arab countries, the Soviet Union assembled heavy troops in the Mediterranean. The United States noticed the changes in the Soviet Union and immediately dispatched an aircraft carrier battle group to the relevant sea areas. US Secretary of State Lasker even threatened: "If the Soviet Union dares to lay a finger on Israel, the United States will not rule out the possibility of a nuclear war with the Soviet Union." Considering the risk of possible conflict with the United States, the Soviet Union made concessions at the last minute.
On June 10, entrusted by Brezhnev, the supreme leader of the Soviet Union, Premier kosygin, KGB Chairman andropov and Foreign Minister gromyko entered the underground cell of the Kremlin and made the first call to American President Johnson through the "red machine". Sukhodrev, known as the "chief translator of the Soviet Union", accompanied the three leaders to call the hotline. When kosygin found out that the hotline was not a telephone, he immediately asked Sukhodrev, "Why can't we talk to Americans without a receiver and a telephone?" Sukhodrev replied: "Comrade Premier, this is not a telephone, but a remote control telegraph typewriter."
Except for andropov, kosygin and gromyko all showed impatience with this hotline. They are used to talking in front of the phone, instead of finishing sentence by sentence. Interpreters will take shorthand before sending it out. Kosygin complained that he was "waiting in line to buy bread". Although communication was so inconvenient, the US-Soviet summit finally reached an agreement to ease the tension in the Middle East. Soon, the Arab countries and Israel formally stopped fighting.
After this incident, Soviet leader Brezhnev no longer ignored the effectiveness of the hotline. 197 1 year, the United States and the Soviet Union agreed to upgrade the military hotline system to a more advanced satellite transmission mode, with two American international communication satellites and two Soviet communication satellites as information relay tasks, which enabled the leaders of the United States and the Soviet Union to realize real voice calls.
According to Brezhnev's request, experts from KGB 16 Bureau installed a hotline in his Politburo office to ensure that he could talk directly with the White House. When Brezhnev needs to talk to the president of the United States, this phone will automatically start the "secret line". The sound signals on the private line are all encrypted, and even if they are eavesdropped or captured, it is impossible to restore them to the original sound signals. There is no dialing on the hotline, and there is no need to dial, only various mysterious letter keys, and the special meaning of these letters is only known to Brezhnev himself, his secretary and security personnel.
During the period of 1986, the US-Soviet hotline was upgraded with new technology. The two countries replaced the original satellites with geostationary orbit satellites, which significantly improved the hotline call effect and added high-speed fax and pattern display functions. This ability enables the leaders of the two countries to exchange a large amount of information quickly, including maps, charts and tables. The new hotline has the highest encryption protection and the shell can resist the strongest electromagnetic interference.