What are the five applications of GIS in urban management?

Urban and regional planning needs to deal with many problems of different nature and characteristics, involving many geographical variables and a large amount of data such as resources, environment, population, transportation, economy, education, culture and finance. The database management of geographic information system is conducive to the integration of these data into a unified system, and ultimately the multi-objective development planning of cities and regions, including urban master planning, urban construction land suitability evaluation, environmental quality evaluation, road traffic planning, public facilities configuration, urban environmental dynamic monitoring and so on. The realization of these planning functions is guaranteed by the spatial search method of geographic information system, the superposition processing of various information and a series of analysis software (regression analysis, input-output calculation, fuzzy weighted evaluation, 0-l programming model, system dynamics model, etc.). ). The number of big cities in China ranks among the top in the world. According to the requirements of accelerating the planning and construction of central cities and strengthening the scientific decision-making of urban construction, it is of great significance to use GIS as a tool for urban planning, management and analysis. For example, a surveying and mapping department in Beijing takes the large-scale topographic map of Beijing as the basic graphic data, and on this basis, it comprehensively superimposes eight kinds of underground and surface pipelines (including water supply, sewage, electric power, communication, gas, engineering pipelines), survey control network, road planning and other basic surveying and mapping information to form an urban underground pipeline information system with surveying and mapping data. So as to realize the comprehensive modern management of underground pipeline information. Provide inquiry services for surveying and mapping departments such as underground pipelines for urban planning, design management departments, municipal engineering design management departments, urban transportation departments and road construction departments.