In essence, Shen Lun examines a way of thinking and a written expression based on this way of thinking. So what is the idea of application? To put it simply, application thinking is a way to systematically think about specific social problems according to the requirements of application examination. Its content can be divided into thinking about specific facts, reasons and countermeasures. Because many candidates are fresh graduates, they are used to thinking according to the way of thinking formed on campus, and can't look at social phenomena from the perspective of solving practical problems. Based on this way of thinking, it is not surprising that it is difficult to get high marks in applications. So how should we establish the thinking of application? Tuhua teaching and research center for counseling experts, mainly in the following aspects.
First, develop the habit of paying attention to social hotspots and news reports. Candidates who apply for national civil servants must have a comprehensive and systematic grasp of the country's major policies and principles, and cannot be indifferent to social issues. Application materials are generally divided into performance, reasons and countermeasures, so that social phenomena can be consciously analyzed. For example, when we watch the news broadcast, we will find that most of the content can be divided into performance, reasons and countermeasures, especially countermeasures, which are often at the central level and are very helpful for the exam. If you have seen it in the review materials and heard it in the news broadcast, it is equivalent to "audio-visual materials", which can play a very good review role. After listening more, you will naturally speak and write. This is not only useful for the application examination, but also beneficial to the candidates' future civil service career.
Second, form a rational way of thinking and pay attention to analyzing the reasons in everything. Complaining and even criticizing the government is a citizen's right, but civil servants are not just ordinary citizens. Their duty is to analyze and solve problems. Therefore, when analyzing problems, candidates should not be emotional at first, but will criticize and attack a negative social phenomenon. It is necessary to rationally analyze what causes this phenomenon and how to solve it. For example, if you eat in the school cafeteria and see caterpillars in the food, you should not curse shameless and hateful like an angry young man, which will not help solve the problem. We should think that there are many reasons for this, such as the imperfect management system, the lack of serious and responsible work of vegetable cleaners, inadequate supervision and lack of attention in ideological understanding. This is the case with small things in school canteens, especially with social problems. The causes of social problems are much more complicated, which requires candidates to analyze deeply and think comprehensively. Another example is the drag racing case in Hangzhou. When watching this news, whether the candidates blindly reprimanded the perpetrators for their low quality, and even some candidates shouted that such people "should be killed" and "not killing is not enough to make the public angry", which obviously does not conform to the thinking of Shen Lun. The idea of application is based on the government's idea of solving problems. Candidates should analyze rationally. In addition to the major reasons that the perpetrators can't shirk, there are many reasons that lead to the low cost of illegal activities, such as imperfect legislation and lax enforcement by law enforcement departments. The nationwide campaign against drunk driving related to the 60th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) can further prove the importance of strict law enforcement.
Third, I am used to thinking in moderately abstract associations. The application examination, especially the national examination, requires high abstract thinking ability of candidates, and candidates should form abstract thinking in peacetime. Application is a kind of inductive thinking, which requires candidates to rise from individual phenomena to general problems and understand the whole from a local perspective. If candidates see pedestrians crossing the road, passers-by spitting on the roadside, and passengers talking loudly on the train, they should be able to link these phenomena together and abstract that the quality of some citizens needs to be improved. In addition, the commonly used abstract inductive thinking includes: house demolition rises to urban construction; Car congestion has risen to urban traffic; Pollution control has risen to environmental protection; Public security chaos rose to stability; The diversion of laid-off workers has become a social employment and livelihood issue; Pirated CDs have risen to intellectual property protection; Tax evasion rises to social distribution; The problem of household registration has risen to urbanization; Migrant workers entering the city have risen to the issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers; The application of high-tech new materials and new technology invention patents has risen to an innovative society; The shortage and waste of energy resources have risen to a conservation-oriented society; Land, farmers, rural areas and agriculture have risen simultaneously to build a new countryside; The employment price of food, clothing, housing and transportation education can rise to people's livelihood at the same time; The coexistence of rich and poor, class, income gap and labor can be summed up as a harmonious society; Pollution, governance, population, energy, urban and rural construction can rise to Scientific Outlook on Development at the same time, and so on.
Fourth, learn more from party and government documents and opinions of experts and scholars, form a unique understanding of specific social phenomena, and put forward professional countermeasures. Some candidates must be called "Scientific Outlook on Development" because they don't understand the documents and policies of the Party and the government, but they don't know the connotation and extension of Scientific Outlook on Development, so they can't "connect" their views and theories well. Instead, I feel that I am on the line. To avoid this phenomenon, we need to read the documents of the Party and the government, especially the report of the 17th National Congress and the government work report, and be familiar with its spiritual connotation and discourse expression system. Only in this way can candidates be comfortable in answering questions. For general social problems, it is easy to become a mere formality if we blindly follow templates and routines. How to ensure that your countermeasures are targeted, feasible, reasonable and legitimate, as well as original and novel, depends on the opinions of experts and scholars. Experts and scholars usually specialize in a specific field, and they have a greater say in this field. We can learn from their excellent research results. Every issue of Outlook magazine sponsored by Xinhua News Agency will put forward many expert countermeasures against hot spots, and each issue will open up special topics, which is very helpful for candidates to apply for the exam.
The application mainly examines the analysis, generalization, refining and processing of given materials, and tests candidates' reading comprehension ability, comprehensive analysis ability, ability to ask and solve problems and writing expression ability. Application materials usually involve one or several specific social problems or social phenomena. Candidates are required to accurately understand the main problems reflected in the materials from the perspective of civil servants, comprehensively analyze all aspects involved in the problems, summarize the relevant contents of the materials on the basis of grasping the materials, refine the main idea of the materials, form and put forward their own opinions, ideas or solutions, and express them accurately and smoothly in words. Although many candidates have done a lot of review, the final results are still very unsatisfactory. The reason is mainly reflected in the analysis of many years' experience of civil servants' experts in Youth Network: 1, and the improper ideas and methods to solve problems, especially the lack of consciousness to analyze and solve problems from the standpoint of the government. 2. Inaccurate and incomplete reading of materials, inaccurate generalization and generalization of materials, inability to improvise on new problems, insufficient mastery of the format of argumentative articles, critical articles and practical articles, empty answers, and lack of persuasiveness in analysis, argumentation and problem solving. Senior experts of civil servants in Youth Network have summarized the following answering skills and methods through years of teaching research for your reference: 1. It is clear that the nature of the application test is different from the traditional material composition test, and the ability to analyze and control materials is equal to the ability to express. This sentence emphasizes that the application test is different from the traditional material composition, and the majority of candidates must realize that they cannot use the writing thinking of traditional material composition to deal with the application test. Traditional materials mainly include fables, cartoons, comparisons, comments and associations. Composition focuses on the meaning of the material, not just the material itself, and requires independent conception and self-made title according to the content and meaning of the material. 2. Obviously, the time for reading materials is different from that for writing other given materials. The writing of the application clearly requires that the reading time is 40 minutes and the answering time is 1 10 minutes. 3. Clear the order of answering questions. Because the test paper and the answer sheet are separate, the answer requirements can only be written on the answer sheet. The examination paper adopts electronic scanning method, requiring candidates to answer questions in turn, not in reverse order, and the answers are written in the designated position. If you don't answer the questions in order, the answer position will be wrong, which will lead to abnormal test papers and will inevitably affect your grades. There are five main principles for answering questions in reading comprehension materials: first, the principle of ensuring time. The time requirement for reading is 40 minutes. This is limited by the following factors: 1 Professionalism of material content. 2. The richness of material content. 3. Disorder of material form. Second, grasp the principle of integrity. In the process of reading the material, we must grasp the principle of integrity, grasp the theme and level of the given material, form a three-dimensional impression in our minds, and break it into parts, so that the answer will be targeted and timely. Otherwise, you can only answer irrelevant questions and deviate from the subject. Third, emphasize the key principle. There are a lot of contents involved in the application materials in 2008, but the focus is on how to build an environment-friendly society and how to adhere to the coordination and unity of protection and development. The principle of emphasizing key points refers to both the whole given information and each given paragraph. Only by taking care of all the information can we embody the principle of emphasizing the key points. Fourth, the filtering principle. Some paragraphs in a given material have nothing to do with the theme of the material, or are mostly paving materials, or there are too many descriptive languages in the given material. Candidates must learn to screen and filter materials. Fifth, emphasize the principle of universality. Reading comprehension materials must highlight the principle of universality according to the overall impression, that is, the understanding of ordinary people and the popular way of thinking. Emphasizing the universal principle means that candidates should not deviate from the basic tendency and tone provided by the materials, otherwise they will be far from the reference answers provided and their scores will not be satisfactory.
Edit this paragraph, the source of the national civil service examination in the past five years.
The materials given in the application are not the subjective imagination of the proposer, but come from the existing social reality, news reports, government documents and related social science research results. Sorting out the sources of application materials in recent ten years can help us understand the general scope of application materials, thus determining the direction that should be paid attention to in peacetime and better grasping the key points of material selection. In recent five years, the sources of application materials for central and state organs are as follows: 20 10: 1. "[Economic Half-hour] Reclamation is a Road (3)", CCTV, August 2009 10. 2. Weihai: Suitability and unsuitability of livable cities, historical lessons of saving Quanzhou Bay and land reclamation in Japan, South Window,No. 16, 2006. 3. The Bohai Sea, which is seriously polluted in the coastal waters, is "unsafe". What can be done to save it? People's Daily Online, May 2009, 1 1. 2009: 1. "Investigation of enterprises moving out of the Pearl River Delta: the pain of transformation caused by rising costs", Business Weekly, April 3, 2008. 2. The Deputy Director of the Grain Bureau answered the reporter's questions on current grain prices and other related issues, China Net, April 29, 2008. 3. September 2008 1 1 Documentary of Rural Reform and Development in Henan Province * * * * * * * * *, People's Daily Online, September 2008 1 1. 2008: 1. "hydropower experts reply to an open letter, People's Daily Online, 0 1. 19, 2006. 2. Promoting protection through development and promoting development through protection, People's Daily Online, 2005, 65438+124 October. 3. Comments on Several Opinions Against Nujiang Hydropower Development, People's Daily Online, 12, 2005 13. 4. Hidden trouble of a hydropower country, China Energy Information Network, May 9, 2008. 2007:1.Road map of 60 million farmers in mainland China, Phoenix Weekly, March 7, 2005. 2. Henan Province has reclaimed 460,000 mu of land for the protection of land resources, Xinhuanet, 2005,165438+1October 24th. 3. Xiao Su, the Ministry of Land and Resources, refuted the "land shortage theory" and took a clear-cut stand in land consolidation, Xinhuanet, June 22, 2006. 4. Balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation in the whole province for six consecutive years, Henan Agricultural Information Network, 2005, 1 1.24. 5. Wuxi achieves a win-win situation in cooking without rice, Wuxi Daily, April 20, 2004. 2006: 1. Ding Ningning: The ability to deal with public emergencies depends on the quality of officials, Xinhuanet, September 20, 2005. Candidates should avoid a misunderstanding when preparing for the exam, that is, many candidates will focus most of their energy on the real questions over the years. It is not that the real question is unimportant, but that the material of the real question is out of date. Every year's application materials are the new hot spots of that year. Only those controversial and long-lasting issues, such as environmental protection and people's livelihood, need to pay attention to the materials of previous years. Generally speaking, candidates should pay more attention to the hot spots and focus phenomena in1June before the exam.
The application examines a way of thinking, not overnight, but the result of long-term accumulation. Before the way of thinking is formed, we can make up for it by learning the way of thinking. But after all, the thinking method is summed up from the thinking ability, and it is difficult to form the ability of originality and independent analysis simply by learning the thinking method. Therefore, if candidates want to win in the exam, they must develop the way of thinking in the exam, which is just a "replay" of the usual way of thinking in the exam.
Finally, I wish all candidates to develop the thinking mode of applying for the exam in the process of reviewing for the exam, and achieve satisfactory results in the public exam!