Note: ① Notice: Qing officials asked to retire to their hometown when they were old. ② Stone carvings: bronzes and their inscriptions, stone carvings (chisels) and their inscriptions. (3) Yi vessels: bronze vessels used in ancient times (sacrificial utensils). 4 Dangdang: such as a kettle, there is enough. Broken foot, broken foot 5 Good price: high price. ⑥ Rub: Touch repeatedly with your hands. ⑦ Secret detention: Secret detention. 8 keys: lock. Pet-name ruby generous salary, pay generous salary.
Reading training
1. The following bullet words have the same meaning: ()
(1) There are also people who want to sell their feet at a discount.
(2) the price is cheap.
(3) to Qin and Han dynasties.
(4) used to hold ducks.
a，①② B，③④ C，②④ D，①④
2. Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.
(1) Suddenly, with a bang, the ground was torn apart and the juice was boiling.
(2) It is quite natural to leave people in the key room and order them to make a batch of fake ding by hand every year.
What impressed you most about Ruan Wenda?
4. What did this story inspire you?
Reference answer:
1.C(① take, ② use, ⑨ think)
2.( 1) Suddenly, the copper coins jingled with a loud noise, and the whole vessel suddenly fell apart, and the boiling soup flowed all over the table. (2) Wenda was very angry. He kept the fake seller in secret, locked him in his room, and asked him to make a certain number of fake tripod every year.
3. Bad moral quality.
4. Example: You can't cheat others if you are bullied.
Reference translation:
When Ruan Wenda was allowed to retire by the imperial court, he collected bronzes and stone carvings, including bronze bells, ding and other ritual vessels, and also made textual research one by one, boasting that he was old-fashioned and accurate. One day, a man sold a piece of junk. Wen died repeatedly. The capacity of this copper pot is about one liter. After washing, it is as green as watermelon skin. Wenda was very happy and thought it must be an artifact of the Qin and Han Dynasties. I bought it at a high price. Once on a treat, he used this copper pot instead of a clay pot to hold duck meat. The guests present were very moved and admired, and Wenda was very proud. Suddenly, there was a loud noise from the copper clank, and the whole utensil suddenly fell apart. Boiling soup spilled all over the table. Vader was very angry. He secretly detained the fake seller, locked him in his room, and asked him to make a certain number of fake tripod every year and pay him a generous salary. Since then, Wenda has been giving away ancient cultural relics. None of them are true.
2. What does "big" mean in classical Chinese? 1 child-if fire makes it, if spring makes it.
Extension: comfortable-feeling depressed but not up to standard; Open-minded, open-minded-Gaozu has never studied literature, but he is open-minded;
2 knowledge-words are not up to standard.
Extension: well-informed-martial arts is better than folk, and it is quite hypocritical.
3 to arrive-although it has arrived in all directions, people are not cheap.
If you are successful, you will be outstanding-if you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you are competent, you will help the world.
There is also: making wealth, recommendation-I want to stand up and stand up, I want to achieve it.
5. Inconvenient access-Goddess of the World.
6 Cosmic Philosophy (Almighty)
7 arrive, bring something to send-the festival arrives.
8 expression-books tell the truth, poems fax meaning.
Nine seedlings were unearthed-lush vegetation sprouted in this area.
10 double room-Tianzi's cabinet, five on the left and five on the right.
Four tones in classical Chinese pronunciation
1 1 bronze sword, mutton
3. What does "Wei" mean in classical Chinese? 1. Do; Fuck. "For learning": "What's the matter in the world, is it difficult? ~ Well, it's easier than it is. "
2. invention; Manufacturing industry; Make. Trapdoor: "In the celebration calendar, there is a cloth Bi Sheng and a trap."
3.as； As. "Public Loss": "Zi Mozi solved the city and used it as a weapon."
4. become; Become. "check gold": "I want to live for the people, and now I have lost my son."
5. yes. Model: "In the palace, everything is one."
6. Governance; Governance. On accumulation: "Don't you worry about the danger in the world?"
7. write; Title. Shang Zhong Yong: "That is, four poems, written in their names."
8. think; Think about it. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Steal ~ Your Majesty won't take it."
9. call; It's called Chen She's family: "No way ~ Zhang Chu."
10. treat. "The Hongmen Banquet": "You and the people can't bear it."
1 1. number; Sort of. "The Battle of Dishes": "Qin is rude, why bother?"
12. "Hongmen Banquet": "Pei Gong wants to be the king of Guanzhong, so that Zi Ying can take photos."
13. Take care of it. Hongmen Banquet: "What can I do if I don't quit?"
14. It means passive. Did everything wrong? Wu Note: "The rabbit can't get it back, but it's Song Xiaoguo."
15. If; Suppose. Warring States policy? Qin Ce: "If Qin knows it, it can't be saved."
16. Used in sentences to act as the antecedent object; Used at the end of a sentence to express exclamation or doubt. Su Wu: "What do you think?" Hongmen Banquet: "Today people are like knives, and I am like a fish."
4. What does "so" mean in classical Chinese? 1. Reason, emotion. Wen Zi naturally said, "There are people in the world who don't know the truth, and only saints can know it." Preface to Historical Records Taishi Gong: In the Spring and Autumn Annals, there are countless people who killed thirty-six kings and died fifty-two, and the princes left, unable to protect the country. I lost it after reading it. "Tang Hanyu's poem Li Hua:" If you ask me why, I will go all the way to the sunset. " Jin Dong explained the first volume of Yuan's The West Chamber: "The matchmaker said,' I don't know it for you'." Sheng said, "I want to hear it." "The Scholars" for the first time: "Ask the reason, all the counties along the Yellow River were killed by the river, and there were no houses in Tianlu."
2. It can form a noun phrase with adjectives or verbs, and still express reasons and feelings. Zhuangzi Tian Yun: "He knows beauty, but he doesn't know why." Historical Records Wei Kangshu's Family: "Those who must seek sages, sages, sages, ask why they are prosperous, so they die and serve the people."
3. used, used. "Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth": "It is the three, not the principle of cultivating morality." Biography of Historical Records of Meng Changjun: "If you are in a hurry, you will never be able to pay it. In fact, you are good for a gentleman and don't love literati. At the bottom, you have the name of staying away from the top, but you are not so good to gentlemen. " Xun's "Counting Strategies and Assessing the Situation": "Therefore, if you are strong and profitable, you will break the trend of the world."
4. Conjunction. Indicates a causal relationship. Used in the second half of the sentence, from cause to effect. Xunzi mourned for the public: "You didn't ask this question, but you asked Shunguan, so you were wrong." The Family Instructions of Yan Family: Mu Xian written by Yan Zhitui in the Northern Qi Dynasty: "The world is covered, your ears are humble, and it is far more important than the near ... so Lu called Confucius Dong Jiaqiu." Tang Li Bai's Book of Jingzhou with the Han Dynasty: "Once on the Dragon Gate, the reputation is ten times, so Longpan and Fengyi all want to set the price in the name of Jun." The sixth time in A Dream of Red Mansions: "He and Sister Lin are on the same day, so he remembers." Zhao Shuli's Three Mile Bay Holiday: "But she is the first to arrive every day, so she is very familiar with the situation in this room."
5. Conjunction. Indicates a causal relationship. Used in the first half of the sentence, from effect to cause. Historical Records Biography of Wei Gongzi: "The winner is married, and the noble righteousness of the son can help others." Ye's Biography of Gou Jian's Attacking Wu Liezhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period: "Another day, I'll remonstrate:' I was in the (early) dynasty, and if I was ill, I was Wu Er!'" "Surprise at the First Moment" Volume 28: "So the people who invited Xianggong from afar are coming here to meet Xianggong." The first chapter of the first volume of Li Zicheng by Yao: "Li Zicheng dared to go east because he contacted Luo Rucai to meet him at Tongguan."
6. Conjunction. Indicates a causal relationship. Use "cause" or "fate" in the first half of the sentence and "so" in the second half. Later, it developed into a sentence pattern of "because ... so ...". Su's Legend of Datang: "Because of my heart, I am surrounded." Guan Xiu's poem "Shu Wang attends classes in Daci Temple": "Because Zhidun talks about wonderful classics, Xu Xun talks about it." "Travel Notes of Lao Can" for the first time: "Because I can't write eight-part essays, I don't have any at school." Lao She's black and white plum: "Black plum is my good friend. I know a little because I often go to his house. "
7. Yes. "Ganyi": "Faithfulness, so I entered Germany; The rhetoric is sincere, so it is also a career. " Zhuangzi Know the North Tour: "Although human relations are difficult, they are teeth to each other." Wang Jing Ci Volume 9: "Words can be consistent." Wen Zi Ren Shang: "You can rule the world by yourself and give it to the world; Love yourself to rule the world, so trust the world. "
8. What did you do? "The Analects of Confucius is a government": "Confucius said:' See why it is, and be safe. What about people? "How can people be embarrassed?" Kang Youwei noted: "Take it, too."
5. What are the meanings of "press" in classical Chinese? news
①& lt； ; move >:； Press or squeeze by hand. Trapped door: "If you press the surface with a flat plate, the words will be as flat as a rock."
②& lt； ; move >:； Caressing; Hold on. "The Hongmen Banquet": "Wang Xiang rushes with his sword."
③& lt； ; move >:； Depression. Battle of Red Cliffs: "Why don't you go to work in the north according to the soldiers?"
④& lt； ; move >:； Control. "Friday's Husband and Army Willow": "So the son of heaven follows Xu Xu."
⑤& lt； ; move >:； Stop. Lost Street Pavilion: "If there are soldiers guarding the street pavilion, you can't press pong."
⑥& lt； ; move >:； View; Check. Yandang Mountain: "According to western books, Arhat Norodom lived on the back of Furong Peak in Yandang Mountain in the southeast of Sinian."
⑦& lt； ; move >:； Review; Look into it. Monument to the tomb of five people: "Wu people conspired and asked the court to punish five people." Distinguishing between "press" and "suppress" means to press down, but "suppress" is more important than "press" and is often used in abstract meaning.
6. What are the meanings of the word "poor" in classical Chinese? I specially turned over the ancient Chinese dictionary for you, and it has many meanings, all of which are listed for you.
①& lt； ; Shape >; Be in trouble, be in an awkward position. Preface to the Southern Guide: "~ Hungry and bored, hurry to buy."
②& lt； ; Shape >; Unsuccessful; Not expensive. She Jiang: "I can't change my mind, do as the Romans do, and die of sorrow ~" "Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin": "General Fan came to Dan because he was sleepy."
③& lt； ; move >:； Tired; Ran out. Fu on the Red Wall: "Alas, I envy the absence of the Yangtze River in my life ~" and "Promoting Weaving": "Only my heart and ears are strong ~ silent."
④& lt； ; move >:； Come to an end; Tracing back to its "Peach Blossom Spring": "Further, I want its forest."
⑤& lt； ; Shape >; Poverty; Pity. Du Shiniang angered the chest: "Why not raise Korea for nothing and teach me where to get food and clothing?"
"I want what I want": "For the beauty of the palace, for the matter of wives and concubines, do ignorant people get me?" Again; Poor guy. "Zhao Houwei asks Qi's family": "It's difficult to shake things up, but there are not enough foreign troubles."
⑥& lt； ; Deputy >; Thoroughly; Finally. Chabian: "In fact, what we see today comes from inevitable changes." Distinguish between poor and not poor. In the pre-Qin and Han dynasties, "poverty" only refers to poverty, poverty, lack of clothing, food and money.