Engineering cost is a very important index to measure the investment benefit of engineering construction, which plays a decisive role in the quality and safety of engineering construction. Project cost management is not only an economic issue, but also a comprehensive discipline integrating economy, technology and management. The level of project cost directly affects the investment benefit and fully reflects the work quality and management level of the construction unit. With the rapid development of information technology, the traditional project cost management method has failed to keep up with the development of the times. As an important part of informatization in construction field, informatization of project cost management will play an important role in project cost management activities, become an important support of project cost management activities and lead the development direction of future project cost management activities. 1, the necessity of informatization of project cost management 1. 1 With the development of information technology, informatization of project cost management has become an inevitable trend. At present, the wide application of computer technology and network technology in enterprise management has brought many new features to project cost management. Today, with the rapid expansion of information, project cost management relies more and more on computer means, and the corresponding project cost management is bound to change accordingly. The core of the first-stage reform of engineering quota pricing system is "separation of quantity and price". The quota pricing that was completely managed by the government plan in the past was changed to "control quantity, guide price and competition cost". Unit price for labor, materials, machinery, etc. According to the change of market price, the project cost management organization issues relevant information and indicators of project cost. This process cannot be realized by traditional methods. At this time, the advanced management means-computer has played an irreplaceable role. The second stage of the reform is to implement the bill of quantities pricing system, which requires more cost information databases. At present, western developed countries have applied computer network technology to project cost management, and started to realize the networking and virtualization of project cost management through online bidding. In addition, engineering cost management software has also been widely used, and some software companies specialize in the development and research of engineering cost management software. There are various indications that the project cost management in 2 1 century will rely more on computer technology and network technology, and the future project cost management will surely become information management. 1.2 With the change of management mode, the informationization of project cost management has become an urgent demand of the market. In recent years, the project cost management mode has been reformed around "controlling quantity, liberalizing price and competition fee". Letting go of the price means returning the pricing power to the construction enterprises and units. However, in the face of a vast number of material names and varieties, the rapidly changing material prices obviously cannot meet the requirements by relying on traditional information acquisition, processing and paper information. Therefore, owners, contractors and intermediaries all urgently demand to change this backward situation. The construction and improvement of project cost informatization can improve the utilization value of information resources through information network. 1.3 informatization of project cost management is helpful to effectively reduce the project cost, because the price of materials accounts for about 60% of the construction project cost, and it is on the rise. It can be seen that whether the price of construction materials is reasonable plays a very key role in reducing the project cost. At present, the basis for determining the material price in China's construction project cost mainly includes: fixed price, difference adjustment document and actual difference adjustment. At present, the fixed price and the adjusted document price are mainly formulated and published by the quota management department, but for various reasons, the relevant departments often cannot effectively supervise them. After the informatization of project cost management, if there is an informatization management system of project cost, the supervision department can check the price comparison of different provinces, cities and neighboring areas in time through this system, and review the rationality of the adjustment documents and materials issued by quota management departments at all levels, so as to determine the adjustment price correctly and accurately. The efficiency, accuracy and importance of the project cost information management system are especially in line with the determination and factual adjustment of the current material price. Because the materials used in different projects are different, the quota and adjustment are also different, so there will be many bad problems in the process of factual adjustment. For example, several bids with different prices may appear for the same material for various reasons, and the construction unit will quote high but not low. After the establishment of the project cost information management system, this kind of thing can be avoided, thus directly controlling the project cost. 2. The problem of realizing the informatization of project cost management With the deepening of the reform of project cost management, the project cost mechanism formed in the market competition is gradually improving, and the project cost management is also developing in the direction of adapting to market demand. After several years' efforts, the basic framework of project cost management informatization has been initially established, the series of project cost software with calculating project cost as the core is becoming more and more perfect, and there are more and more websites providing information and services for project cost management and related activities. Therefore, the informatization construction of project cost management has a certain foundation, but there are also some problems that cannot be ignored. 2. 1 Project cost information resource management is not systematic. At present, the collection, processing and dissemination of project cost information lack unified planning, unified coding and system classification, and the development of information system and the ownership of resources are closed to each other, which is in a state of war. As a result, the advantages enjoyed by information resources cannot be realized. More managers are satisfied with the current paper information, ignoring the deep processing of information. 2.2 Engineering cost information collection and processing methods are backward, collection technology is backward, information classification standards are not uniform, data formats and access methods are inconsistent, and it is very difficult to transmit and process information resources remotely. It is difficult to improve the internal quality of information resources, and the speed of information maintenance and update is slow, which can not meet the needs of the information market and lags behind the requirements of the information society. 2.3 Information network construction needs to be improved. Most of the existing engineering cost networks are built by fixed stations or consulting companies. The contents of the website mainly include quota release, price information, forwarding of relevant documents, release of bidding information, introduction of enterprises or companies, etc. The website only displays the existing cost information on the website, and lacks the collation and analysis of this information. 3. Application of engineering cost information in practice 3. 1 as an important basis for compiling investment estimation. Designers of design units generally adopt analogy method when preparing budget estimates. Therefore, it is necessary to select several similar typical projects for decomposition, conversion and merger, and consider the current price of equipment and materials, and finally get the investment estimate of the project. With the database of engineering cost data, designers can choose the typical projects they need, decompose and transform them by computer, and finally get a more feasible project investment estimate with the experience of designers. 3.2 As an important basis for preparing the preliminary design budget and reviewing the construction drawing budget. When preparing the preliminary design budget, analogy is sometimes used. This kind of analogy estimation should be detailed and in-depth, which can be specific to the level of unit engineering or even division engineering. In the process of quota design and optimization design scheme, designers may have to revise the design scheme repeatedly, hoping to get the corresponding budget estimate every time. It is very beneficial to have more typical engineering data. After the completion of the construction drawing budget, experienced cost personnel are needed to review it. We can select similar materials from the cost database and compare their cost with the construction drawing budget to find out whether there are omissions and deviations in the construction drawing budget. 3.3 As a reference for determining the pre-tender estimate and tender offer, the project cost information base can play an important role in the construction unit's preparation of pre-tender estimate or tender offer, whether it adopts bill of quantities or quota pricing method, especially bill of quantities pricing. It can point out the actual cost of similar projects and its changing law to both parties, so that both parties can predict and prepare for the future cost, thus avoiding the blindness of pre-tender estimate and quotation. 4. How to realize the informatization of project cost management? The informationization of project cost management is supported by Internet technology, establishing an open information platform and a structured information model for information collection, processing, storage and release, and establishing a dynamically maintainable project cost and related information database, which provides all kinds of basic data for the budget, budget and final accounts of construction projects, and also provides decision support for leaders and serves the society. The informatization of project cost management is mainly reflected in the processing of project cost information. Engineering cost information has many different characteristics. For relatively static information, such as some newly issued guidance documents, cost publications and announcement messages. , which can be published directly as a web page. For cost information with large amount of data and complex structure, such as quota information and budget management; This kind of information, the user's demand is mainly to query related information. In order to let users find the information they need quickly and conveniently, it is necessary to combine the database with the WEB server. Taking quota information as an example, according to the characteristics of quota information structure, quota information can be divided into quota name, quota content and quota category, and a database is established on this basis. Then, based on the principle of the most convenient and quick query quota for users, the corresponding user query interface is written. For cost information with large amount of data and strong timeliness, such as material price index and engineering project information, such information needs to be supplemented and updated continuously. Therefore, not only database technology should be adopted, but also website developers should develop corresponding application software to update and supplement the data in relevant databases in time. These application softwares are equivalent to data maintenance systems, and the work of field maintenance personnel should be simplified as much as possible, with friendly interface and complete functions. This requires the development of application software to provide different functions according to the changing characteristics of the engineering cost information to be maintained, which is convenient for maintenance. For example, for some guiding information published regularly, such as budget price and price index, only the price changes with time, while the kind of materials or price index is relatively fixed. According to this feature, the application software should provide the function of copying data, so that the maintainer only needs to modify part of the data without repeated entry, thus improving work efficiency. For some information with special structure, we can adopt special storage and access methods according to the characteristics of information structure. Information such as file compilation has a large amount of text and a specific format. This kind of information can be directly stored in the database in HTML format, and the attributes of the file (such as file number, publication time, etc. ) can be recorded in the database. Users can search for files by querying file attributes or keywords, or they can directly store them in the form of web pages, providing users with a full-text search method for keywords.
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