Behind the grand prize is a group of people of insight who have gone through six years of bumpy preliminary work for the bridge construction, made unknown contributions and created valuable experience in the preliminary work. As a participant and organizer of the preliminary work of this bridge, the author reproduces this historical reason with detailed information and personal experience. I hope that history will not be forgotten, so that future generations will not forget their predecessors, face the future and push people's transportation career to a higher peak with more full passion.
The leading group of the Communications Department sized up the situation and decided on the plan, and the Provincial Planning Commission approved the preliminary feasibility demonstration and set the tone.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, people in poverty-stricken mountainous areas in Wanxian County have been dreaming of building the Yangtze River Highway Bridge for more than 30 years. Successive leaders of Sichuan Province and the Communications Department have also written to the country many times, demanding the construction of this bridge. 1983 The Provincial Planning Commission submitted the Request for Instructions on Building Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge to the State Planning Commission. However, due to various reasons, the Three Gorges Water Control Project was ups and downs, and the preliminary work of the bridge was once interrupted. On August 20th, 1987, the leading group headed by Guo Hongxi, director of Sichuan Provincial Communications Department, held a meeting to study the traffic development plan during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period. According to the information and opportunity that the country has restarted the preliminary work of the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Project and the water level elevation has been initially determined, the construction plan of Wanxian Highway Yangtze River Bridge is put forward again to speed up the feasibility study of the preliminary project. Then, Wanxian Administrative Office, Planning Commission and Transportation Bureau sent the Request for Instructions on Feasibility Study and Demonstration of Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge to the provincial government, Planning Commission and Transportation Department. Wen Xin, then Party Secretary of the Provincial Planning Commission, and He Xiancong, then deputy director in charge of the plan, gave instructions and agreed to organize the demonstration.
1987165438+1On October 26th, the Provincial Planning Commission and the Communications Department jointly held the preliminary feasibility demonstration meeting of Wanxian Yangtze River Highway Bridge. Feng Tianjue, Ai and other senior engineers in the province, experts and professors from domestic universities and design and construction units, and more than 60 representatives from the state, provincial, prefectural and municipal governments and their relevant departments were invited to participate in the demonstration. After field investigation, repeated argumentation and comparison, the recommended bridge location and approach roads at both ends are preliminarily determined. Approved by the Communications Department and the Provincial Economic Planning Commission, the Provincial Economic Planning Commission issued the Minutes of the Demonstration Meeting on the Preliminary Feasibility Study of Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge on 1987 12 16. This summary sets the tone for the feasibility of Wanxian Highway Yangtze River Bridge and points out the direction for further preparation.
The feasibility study was seriously blocked and stranded, and Vice Governor Pu tried his best to eliminate the interference.
The minutes of the preliminary feasibility study meeting approved by the Provincial Economic Planning Commission clearly require the local authorities to strictly control the bridgehead and the lead wires at both ends (National Road 3 18) and not to build any buildings. The secretary of Wanxian prefectural party committee and the Commissioner of administrative office gave corresponding instructions on the implementation summary, but they were not implemented. The selected bridge site has been used to build a 654.38+100,000-ton caustic soda plant, and it is planned to build 60,000-ton chemical bases on both sides of the approach bridge, which will certainly bring pollution and corrosion to the bridge construction and operation, endanger safety and affect the human landscape. The Communications Department made many representations for this purpose, and Director Guo Hongxi personally went to mediate, all of which were invalid. The provincial people's congress and the leaders of Wanxian prefectural party Committee and administrative office are very concerned. On June 1988 and 19, the inspection team of environmental protection education of the provincial people's congress proposed that Wanxian caustic soda plant could not be built together with the Yangtze River Bridge. 1October 20th, 1988, 165438, Wanxian Administrative Office 15 Commissioner's Office made a "response" according to this suggestion. On September 20th, 1989, Wanxian CPPCC issued a proposal for Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge to the local government. It is pointed out that the newly-built caustic soda project with an annual output of 65,438+0,000 tons is too close to the bridge site, and the static wind rate in this area is high. Acid rain and acid fog formed by harmful gases such as sulfur chloride will float in the air for a long time, causing corrosion to reinforced concrete and steel structures of bridges. The location of the bridge is recognized as the best location by experts from relevant domestic departments, and the conclusions made cannot be overturned.
In order to ensure the safety of bridge construction and future operation, the harmful gas emission workshop of caustic soda plant should be stopped or evacuated immediately according to the requirements of the environmental impact report, and the existing workshop should be transformed into other uses. This is a scientific and objective suggestion, which represents the strong voice of people of insight. However, the caustic soda plant occupying the bridgehead is stepping up construction, and the preliminary work of the chemical bases on both sides of the approach road is in full swing, and the newly rerouted bridgehead approach road is occupied. In this case, the preliminary work of the bridge was forced to run aground and faced a stalemate for more than a year. At a critical juncture, Ouyang Rong, former secretary of Wanxian prefectural party committee, then member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress and director of Wanxian Working Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, couldn't sit still and ran all the way to the provincial party committee to report and ask for support. On June 5438+0989+ 10/0, Pu, vice governor of the provincial government, was entrusted by Yang Rudai, then member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and secretary of Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, to conduct a special study at the meeting. After listening to the opinions of all parties, Pu decided to personally lead the relevant provincial departments and design units to Wanxian for on-site office coordination. After Vice Governor Pu arrived in Wanxian County, he immediately launched an investigation and conducted in-depth field investigation. On June 29th, 1989 and 10, a large-scale on-site office meeting was held in the auditorium of the prefectural party committee. The leaders of the prefectural party committee and administrative office, the National People's Congress, the CPPCC, the main leaders of the municipal party committee and municipal government, the relevant leaders, experts, engineering and technical leaders of provincial and local planning commissions, construction committees, urban planning, land, environmental protection, chemical industry and other departments, and some uninformed cadres also attended. At the meeting, representatives of all parties expressed their opinions, which was really heated. After carefully analyzing the pros and cons, Vice Governor Pu eliminated the interference and made a summary, and formed the Meeting Minutes on Solving the Construction Problems of Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge Site and Chemical Plant, which was issued and implemented by Wanxian Administrative Office as document (1989) 140, and copied to the provincial government and relevant departments.
Project decision-making is even more blocked. People of insight wrote to tell the truth, and Yang Rudai gave instructions to turn the tide.
Just as the preliminary work completed the feasibility study of the project and strived for the project decision after the national organization evaluation, it encountered great resistance from some departments. Some publicly issued a document to the local government, disagreeing with the "minutes" of on-site office work; Some sent faxes and telegrams to local leaders to disagree with the relocation of Qiaotou Chemical Plant, which embarrassed the local government. At that time, Qiaotou Chemical Plant will be basically completed, and the hydrochloric acid canning workshop originally planned in the distance is not far away. The original stipulation that no new buildings should be built within 200 meters of the bridge site has not been implemented, and the land for the forcibly selected approach road has been occupied again. The planned chemical base is accelerating the construction process.
Faced with such a situation, the Communications Department still unswervingly implemented the Summary, submitted the feasibility study report of the bridge to the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Communications, and requested the state to organize a formal assessment, which won the full support of the Ministry of Communications. Entrusted by the Ministry of Communications, the Provincial Communications Department and the Provincial Engineering Consulting Company held the "Wanxian Yangtze River Bridge Project Feasibility Study Evaluation Meeting" in Wanxian on122. The expert group consists of 65,438+07 experts, including Xiao Enyuan and Zhao Yunhe from the Highway Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Communications, Fan Shicheng from the Scientific Research Institute, Zang Dihua, Ma, Zhang Lianyan, Lu Zhen and Xiao Enyuan from Sichuan Province as the team leaders. The main task is to determine the technical scheme and economic scheme of bridges and conductors for national project decision-making. In the face of harmful gas erosion and serious administrative intervention, the delegates reacted strongly and the evaluation work was frustrated. The expert group insisted on the overall situation, put forward serious opinions while passing the evaluation, and formed a summary.
But how to implement the evaluation opinions? Who wants to confront these real power departments and local forces? There are three kinds of prospects: either follow the crowd and let go; Either ignore the consequences of the bridge, accept the reality and take pleasure in human feelings; Or act according to scientific principles. Faced with this right and wrong, the author suggested that Yang Rudai, secretary of the provincial party committee, reflect the truth again and send a letter to the leaders of the hall attending the meeting, which was approved. Comrade Chen Ling, the old leader of the Communications Department, presented the report letter 1990 12 1 to Yang Rudai, secretary of the provincial party committee, and copied it to Governor Xie Shijie and Vice Governor Pu. Comrade Ru Dai immediately instructed: "Follow the opinions decided by Comrade Pu at the on-site office meeting". Zhang Zengrong, secretary of Wanxian prefectural party committee, and Tang, Commissioner of administrative office, presided over the joint office meeting of prefectural party committee and administrative office. The Commissioner of the Administrative Office informed the feasibility assessment of the project, and determined the specific measures and principles for implementing the on-site office decision of Vice Governor Pu and the expert assessment opinions. Subsequently, Wanxian Municipal Committee held an enlarged meeting of the Standing Committee to sum up lessons, eliminate interference, unify thoughts and actions, and unswervingly implement the "Minutes" of Vice Governor Pu's on-site office and the decision of the joint office meeting at the prefecture level. This reversed the situation from top to bottom. According to this situation, the Provincial Planning Commission and the Communications Department seized the fighter plane, and on June 24th, they jointly reported to the State Planning Commission and the Communications Department the minutes of this feasibility study evaluation meeting and the report requesting the issuance of the design task book, 199 165438. In June+10 of the same year, the Ministry of Communications approved the design task book: agreed to the location, construction scale and standard of Huangniukong Bridge; It is agreed that once the main bridge crosses the river, it is required to accurately compare the bridge span and structural scheme in the preliminary design; Total investment 1 100 million yuan; Construction unit: Sichuan Provincial Communications Department; The construction period is three years and will be completed during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period. After four years, Wanxian Yangtze River Highway Bridge was successfully completed.
Yang, chief engineer of the Ministry of Communications, presided over the preliminary design review.
According to the design task book approved by the Ministry of Communications, Sichuan Highway Design Institute organized the design to tackle key problems and come up with a design scheme. 1992 1 From April 28th to May 28th, 2008, the Ministry of Communications organized the preliminary design review of Qiaoqian (National Highway 3 18) project in Wanxian. Xiong Zheqing, a professor-level senior engineer at the Quality Inspection Station of the Ministry of Communications, Zhou Xiangyue, a master of bridge design in the First Hospital and chief engineer of the Second Hospital, Pang Junda, chief engineer of the Public Construction Planning Institute, Xiao Enyuan, deputy chief engineer, Cai, a professor-level senior engineer of the Research Institute, and well-known experts such as Zheng Junlian, Huang, Lu Zhen and Li Lujin gathered together. Yang, chief engineer of the Ministry of Communications and director of the Highway Department, presided over the meeting. At the meeting, the design institute put forward six bridge types such as prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 400 meters, reinforced concrete box arch bridge with a main span of 350 meters and reinforced concrete box arch bridge with a main span of 420 meters, and recommended the scheme of reinforced concrete box arch bridge with a rigid frame of 420 meters, which broke through the world's largest reinforced concrete arch bridge with a span of 390 meters built at that time. However, the design and construction are difficult and have certain risks. In view of the technical difficulties, the following suggestions are put forward: (1) experimental study on the mixture ratio and elasticity of no.60 high strength concrete; Major scientific research topics such as fabrication, transportation, safety methods and process tests of super-long-span concrete-filled steel tubular rigid skeleton. The key issue of design review is whether to break the world record of similar bridges. Some senior experts are also worried, warning that the greatest ambition of Sichuan bridge industry to create the world is commendable and immortal, but if it is screwed up, it will be a sinner forever. With a very responsible attitude, the expert group made a comprehensive analysis with multidisciplinary knowledge, made a judgment with detailed scientific data, and put forward valuable opinions on modifying, supplementing and perfecting the recommended scheme.
1992 10.2. The Ministry of Communications issued the Reply on the Preliminary Design of Wanxian Yangtze River Highway Bridge and agreed to the recommended reinforced concrete box arch bridge type. In order to ensure foolproof, it is decided to increase the technical design stage; The span of arch span has not been determined, and it is suggested to be between 350 meters and 420 meters, which should be determined in the review of technical design documents; The main technical problems that should be fully considered and answered in the technical design stage are put forward. Authorized technical design documents shall be examined and approved by Sichuan Provincial Communications Department and submitted to the Ministry for record.
Comparison before and after Wanzhou Yangtze River Bridge
In the preliminary design reply of the Ministry of Communications, the main problems that should be fully considered and answered in the technical design stage of the bridge are clearly put forward:
(1) The geology of the bridge site has not been thoroughly ascertained. On the basis of drilling, it is necessary to further demonstrate where the arch foot falls, and determine the best arch bridge span by optimizing the arch axis and rise-span ratio.
(2) Considering the influence of the earthquake induced by the Three Gorges Reservoir, corresponding seismic intensity fortification measures should be taken;
(3) The rigid skeleton used in the bridge is weak in cross section and weak in transverse connection, so it should be properly strengthened to make it have enough safety reserves;
(4) The connection between steel pipe joints and rigid skeleton, construction stability and concrete pouring technology in steel pipes should be absolutely guaranteed.
In view of the above problems, the Communications Department organized designers and ground explorers to re-drill the bridge site geology, and chose the best geological structure as the foothold of the arch foot. In the design theory, the designers applied mechanical analysis and control methods such as nonlinear comprehensive analysis of arch ring strength check and nonlinear stability analysis of construction process, correctly evaluated the stability and safety of arch ring structure in the forming process, confirmed the reliability and feasibility of the forming process and construction operation process of 420-meter-span rigid skeleton arch ring structure, and entrusted Southwest Jiaotong University to carry out model tests. Entrust the aircraft research unit in the province which is superior to mechanical research and the most advanced calculation method of domestic stability program to check and analyze the stability safety factor and adopt the most reliable data.