In the composition design of GM die steel, it is considered to avoid the generation of coarse primary carbides, and disperse fine and uniform carbides on the basis of good strength and toughness, so that it has the best secondary carbonization ability and wear resistance. The quality of die directly affects the quality of pressure processing technology, precision output of products and production cost, while the quality and service life of die are mainly affected by die materials and heat treatment besides reasonable structural design and processing precision.
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The commonly used die steels in China are still carbon tool steels (T7A, T8A, T 10A, T 12A), low-alloy tool steel CrWMn, high-carbon and high-chromium steel Cr 12, Cr 12MoV and high-speed steel W 18Cr4V. In order to meet the increasing demand, various new steel grades have been developed.
It is mainly used to manufacture dies for pressure processing at high temperature, such as hot forging dies, hot extrusion dies, die casting dies and hot upsetting dies. With the increase of forging machine productivity and the complexity of workpiece shape, especially the increase of processing difficulty of processed materials, such as titanium alloy, high alloy steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel, etc., the die tends to be large-scale and high-performance.
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