How does the government chief information officer plan, manage and implement e-government?

First, the government CIO strategic management key organization informatization strategy is similar to the architectural design blueprint, which should provide an all-round and long-term design framework for the organization informatization in the areas involved in the organizational development strategy. The construction of e-government in China is huge, spanning all major systems and covering the whole country. It will cost hundreds of billions of dollars and can only be successful under strong unified leadership. After solving the strategic decision and overall deployment of this construction, it is important to turn the e-government strategy of the party and the country into concrete actions. The development strategy of e-government in China refers to the development direction of e-government, the choice of future development goals, the ways and decisions to achieve the goals and the overall allocation of government resources. The development strategy of e-government is based on the concept of government management innovation. What is e-government under the guidance of innovative thinking? Do what? How? The development strategy of e-government is the planning of holistic, programmatic, long-term, cooperative and antagonistic programs by government organizations. The development strategy of e-government can only be formed through the efforts of top government managers and professional managers, especially the top managers should shoulder the responsibility of formulating the development strategy of e-government. 1. The process of e-government strategic management and the management of key e-government development strategies are management behaviors and management science based on the government information strategy, and it is the management process that the government organizes this ecosystem to achieve its goals in the process of dealing with the relationship between itself and the environment, which includes the formulation (analysis and selection), evaluation, implementation and control of e-government strategies. E-government strategic management regards the formulation, evaluation, implementation and control of government informatization strategy as a complete process to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of this process. The strategic management of e-government manages the theoretical framework and technical framework of e-government as an inseparable whole to improve the overall optimization of e-government. The strategic management of e-government attaches great importance to the relationship between government organizations and the environment. In the information age, the development of e-government is highly restricted by the environment. Facts have proved that the development of a country's public administration is indeed closely related to the needs of citizens, enterprises and themselves. The strategic management of e-government focuses on the long-term, stable and sustainable development of e-government. The implementation of e-government strategy includes a series of short-term plans and action plans. On the other hand, the evaluation and control of the results of strategy implementation often become the basis and basis for a new round of strategy formulation. 2. The main stages of e-government strategic management The strategic management of e-government can be divided into the following stages. (1) strategic analysis stage: fully analyze and demonstrate the strategic objectives, conditions and technologies. (2) Strategic selection stage: select a set of implementable strategies and formulate policies and plans for their implementation. (3) Strategy implementation stage: design an organizational structure consistent with the strategy, which should ensure the reasonable distribution of strategic tasks, responsibilities and decision-making authority in the organization. Establish various management systems. Handle all kinds of contradictions and conflicts. Correctly understanding and evaluating information technology, information revolution and e-government is the basic premise of strategic management of e-government, and it is also the solid foundation of strategic analysis, strategic formulation, strategic selection, strategic evaluation, strategic implementation and control. 3. Government CIO and IT management In e-government, government affairs are the core and electronics are the support. The key to solving the support problem is to have effective information technology (IT) management. The core task of information technology managers, especially government CIO, is to effectively control the construction cost, steadily promote the application results, and develop e-government healthily along the strategic planning objectives. At present, the IT management in China's e-government construction is still quite weak, and its functions are not in place. There is no CIO in senior and middle-level government affairs. Even if the system construction fails, the responsible person can't be found, which is easy to cause information islands, repeated construction and waste of funds, which is extremely inconsistent with the scope of e-government construction and investment scale in China. Whether IT management is in place or not largely determines the success or failure of e-government construction. 4. Government CIO and technical team are the core of lT management in e-government construction. Strengthening JT management in e-government construction is one of the key factors to control cost, save investment, advance steadily, develop for a long time, and finally build an e-government system with China characteristics. The basic duty of the government CIO is to implement the information strategy of the party and government leaders, turn it into technical application planning and other information and tactical tasks, grasp the correct direction, ensure the rational use of funds, and ensure the long-term planning, construction, use, maintenance, upgrading and development of e-government strategy. Practice has proved that the quality of government CIO directly affects the effectiveness of e-government construction. Judging from the responsibilities of government CIO, its core competence should include the following four aspects. (1) information strategy ability; (2) Information technology management ability; (3) Ability to understand and apply information technology; (4) the ability of information technology development and innovation. 5. E-government is a "number one+government CIO" project. At present, the e-government actively promoted by various countries is actually the "number one+government CIO" project. It is the objective need and inevitable choice of e-government construction to construct a new system of information management operation, train cadres with government CIO as the core, and train leading talents in information technology in 2 1 century. Reminiscent that the U.S. Congress has passed the law on C 10, all state governments and federal agencies have full-time CIO, which is a senior administrative post responsible for information technology management. Moreover, in the e-government management system, there are CIO committees as management and deliberation bodies, and their practices deserve our deep consideration. Second, the strategic planning method of e-government e-government planning is the overall arrangement of the objectives, implementation measures and steps of e-government construction from the strategic height of government business development and government reform. E-government construction is a systematic project with large investment, wide coverage, high technical requirements, long construction time and complex business requirements. Its arduousness and complexity, as well as its long-term and extensive influence on the government, determine the importance of system planning. Therefore, e-government planning must be regarded as an important special planning. In planning, we should adhere to the correct design principles, clarify the specific tasks and objectives of e-government construction, and ensure the high quality of planning and design. As leaders and decision makers, we must clearly realize that the level of e-government planning is directly related to the progress and quality of e-government projects and is the "leader" and foundation in the construction of e-government projects. Generally speaking, when making an e-government plan, we should first make clear the following questions. (1) What are the strategic plans for economic and social development formulated by countries and regions, and what are the national e-government development plans? (2) What kind of planning is needed? E-government has many planning methods. For example, according to the time span, it can be divided into short-term, medium-term and long-term planning; According to the content, it can be divided into general planning, special planning and several collective planning that can solve many problems; According to the scope of construction, it can be divided into e-government planning of industries or departments (systematic management planning, such as e-government planning of taxation and industrial and commercial systems), local e-government planning (systematic management planning, such as e-government planning of a city) and national e-government planning. (3) What is the current situation of government informatization in this region and department, including the preparation of hardware and software facilities, personnel and systems of government information systems, the performance and existing problems of existing systems, etc. (4) Demonstrated the expected effect of the implementation of e-government, including social benefits, economic benefits and the government's own construction. A successful e-government planning requires not only the members of the planning team to have a comprehensive grasp of technology, but also effective research and analysis of the current situation and trends of e-government applications at home and abroad, and more importantly, a thorough understanding of the operational characteristics of government departments and the cooperative operation mode between departments. Only in this way can we work out an effective e-government master plan that conforms to local characteristics. (II) Basic principles of e-government planning E-government planning should adhere to the following five principles. 1. The overall planning of e-government in a place and a department should proceed from the overall situation of public management in the department and the region, meet the requirements of the state, and prevent generalizations, so as to avoid seeing the forest for the trees. 2. Government performance-oriented planning should focus on improving administrative capacity and government performance. According to the needs of improving administrative ability and government performance, the objectives and tasks of application system development and information resource construction are analyzed and inferred realistically. We can't take the method of first mentioning the tasks of network, application system and database construction, and then finding the government's needs. 3. Forward-looking e-government needs months or even years from demand analysis to realization, and the transformation of government functions and institutional adjustment are realistic requirements faced by governments at all levels. Therefore, the planning of e-government must be forward-looking. We must prevent e-government from solidifying unreasonable division of functions and processes. 4. Highlighting key e-government is not achieved overnight. Its success needs the support of system, talents, funds and other conditions, and it is a gradual development process. Therefore, planning should focus on key points and advance in stages. 5. Integrated resource planning must adjust and integrate the existing resources to make full use of them. In a word, the e-government planning of China should be based on the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the overall strategy of national reform and development, as well as the development planning and information work priorities in the Tenth Five-Year Plan, guided by the Guiding Opinions of the National Leading Group for E-government Construction and the Opinions of the National Leading Group on Strengthening Information Security, and fully consider the business development and customer needs, so as to promote development through application. Give play to the leading role of demonstration projects, improve China's information infrastructure and comprehensive information environment, and fully evaluate risks and benefits. (3) Basic content of e-government planning 1. A clear guiding ideology of e-government construction is the key to do a good job in e-government system planning. Only by following scientific principles and defining goals can we ensure the correct planning direction. Based on the practice of e-government construction in China in recent years, the guiding ideology that should be followed in compiling e-government planning is as follows. (1) Assess the situation and do what you can. The planning and design of e-government is a major event involving the overall development of a first-level government or a department. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully analyze the development trend of e-government at home and abroad, clearly understand the guiding opinions and overall development ideas of e-government construction put forward by the state, and at the same time clarify the government's own demand for e-government construction and the realistic resource conditions it has. In the preparation of e-government planning, we should also see that different local governments and different government departments have great differences in the development requirements and basic conditions of e-government. Therefore, it is necessary to make a comprehensive analysis of the actual needs of the region and the department, and combine its own basic conditions and comprehensive information environment to formulate a construction plan that meets both the needs of the development of the situation and the actual requirements. (II) Defining tasks and highlighting key points According to the deployment of the State Council Information Work Office, the main tasks of China's e-government construction in the near future include: First, building two platforms (e-government intranet platform and e-government extranet platform) and a portal website; Second, establish four important databases (namely, population, enterprise institutions, spatial geography and natural resources, and macroeconomic databases). In addition, we need to establish and improve a number of urgently needed business systems. All departments and local governments should define their own construction tasks according to the unified decision-making and overall strategy of the country. E-government construction projects are numerous and complicated, and the application systems are diverse. In project planning, we should classify projects according to their importance, and then reasonably determine priority projects and key projects according to their priorities. (3) Organizing and coordinating the construction of e-government is a relatively long-term strategic systematic project, and there must be a special organization responsible for the planning, construction and management of the project. The person in charge of the organization should know both technology and management. The person in charge directly participates in the decision-making of senior management; Responsible for coordinating the requirements of government administrative system reform and e-government development; Responsible for the planning and management of e-government; Manage the business processes of the organization; Formulate the information policies and basic standards of the organization, and provide necessary technical support and benefit evaluation for the implementation of e-government; Responsible for promoting the publicity, consultation and necessary training of e-government, as well as coordination and communication inside and outside the organization. Without the determination of the top decision maker, the overall coordination of the person in charge of the institution and the strong organizational guarantee, it is difficult to achieve results in the construction of e-government. (4) Technology can safely and practically implement e-government, and a lot of government affairs processing depends on the normal operation of the system. Therefore, the technical feasibility of e-government system is very important. Therefore, the feasibility of technology should be fully considered in the system design of e-government. The security and practicability of e-government system is also a problem that can not be ignored. Once the system has problems, it may bring losses to the country and even endanger national security. The security of e-government has both technical and management aspects. In the planning of e-government, these two security measures should be fully considered. In addition, the safety intensity of the system should be set appropriately. For some systems with low security requirements, it may cause unnecessary waste. Practicality mainly means that the planned e-government system should meet the needs of government agencies and users to the maximum extent, and the use of the system should be convenient without complicated training. Therefore, in the process of e-government planning, it is required to proceed from the actual needs of the region and the department, and comprehensively use the working characteristics and working level of the object to make the designed e-government system meet the actual requirements. 2. Status quo and problems The status quo of government informatization development is the basic reference for e-government construction planning, and the analysis of existing problems is also an important basis for the further development of e-government construction in the future. Only by in-depth analysis of the overall situation of informatization and the present situation of the region or department can we make a feasible plan. Therefore, in the planning of e-government, we must first make clear the current situation and trend of government informatization construction at home and abroad, especially the current situation and problems of e-government construction in our region or department. 3, target selection, tasks and measures to determine the goal of e-government construction is generally considered from the starting point of improving the internal management performance of the government, promoting the transformation of government economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public service functions, and building a clean, diligent, pragmatic and efficient modern government. The construction task of e-government is the concretization of the construction goal, and measures are the basic guarantee to realize the construction goal of e-government and complete various tasks. (4) Steps of e-government planning 1. The investigation should carry out in-depth investigation and study on all factors affecting the planning. Through investigation and study, at least the following three purposes can be achieved. (1) The situation is clear. Through investigation, we should have a very clear understanding and grasp of the present situation and existing problems of e-government construction in our region or department. (2) The content is detailed. The requirements, objectives, tasks and measures involved in the planning should be studied in detail. Judging from the current business processes, we should carefully study who is doing each process, how to realize structural decomposition, logical reorganization and digital expression, and the institutional basis, talents and funds for implementing e-government, and we should have first-hand detailed information. (3) The conclusion is clear. The conclusions drawn through the current situation investigation must be clear, including every verifiable detail. 2. Demand analysis Demand analysis refers to making a demand plan for e-government system on the basis of fully understanding government business and management. It is an important link in e-government planning, and whether the reasonable demand can be determined will determine the implementation effect of the whole system. Demand analysis is an analysis of the current survey results, including: whether the current management methods of departments or local governments meet the requirements of economic development; The operation of government business processes; Integration, development and utilization of information resources; What existing information systems can meet the requirements of the transformation of government functions and the development of new business; The existing comprehensive information environment and so on. Through demand analysis, the government should determine how and when to implement e-government projects and what problems can be solved through e-government construction according to the local comprehensive information environment and available resources. It is worth pointing out that the demand analysis must analyze the specific business, not only to list the business needs of the four functions of government economic regulation, market supervision, social management and public service, but also to pay special attention to overcoming the tendency of making up false demand for purchasing network equipment out of thin air without considering the actual needs of the government, enterprises and residents. It is necessary to prevent the demand from being viewed from the technical level, divorced from reality, and not from the perspective of improving government public services. 3. Determine the target According to China's current information infrastructure and informatization level, the first choice for e-government construction in China is to strengthen government business supervision and improve work efficiency, and on this basis, comprehensively improve the service level for enterprises and social residents. In the process of e-government construction, we should take the unchangeable business process in government functions as the main line and determine the overall goal and other specific goals of e-government construction. The overall goal of e-government construction is to optimize the core business processes of government management and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of work. This goal can be decomposed into several specific implementation stages, and finally form a powerful e-government integrated application system. 4. Clear tasks The tasks mentioned here refer to the concretization of e-government planning objectives, including both what to do and how to do it. The task should correspond to a specific demand in demand analysis, which is the work to solve the goal put forward in demand analysis. From the perspective of planning, defining tasks is an organic combination of specific goals and realization paths. 5. The formulation of measures needs the support of a series of effective measures to ensure the realization of goals and the completion of tasks. In order to ensure the implementation of these measures, there must be a perfect system to ensure. The formulation of measures should be practical, the funds should be implemented and the responsibilities should be in place. (V) Problems needing attention in e-government planning The construction of e-government system is a continuous and gradual process with the development of society and the transformation of government functions. Therefore, in the process of building e-government system, we should focus on building basic platforms and key supporting systems, and take the construction of various application functional systems as the phased goal. In the long-term construction process, it is gradually integrated with other discrete government application systems and various information business support systems, and finally forms a relatively complete government system. 1. Selection of e-government construction priorities When planning e-government implementation plans, party and government leaders and CIOs must determine the priority levels of various e-government construction projects proposed by business departments according to the economic and social development levels of countries and regions and the results of demand analysis. The determination of priority can be considered from three angles: economic benefit, social benefit and government's own construction. E-government projects with remarkable economic benefits mainly involve increasing taxes, financial management, resource and plan management, and creating a good market and investment environment. E-government projects with obvious social benefits mainly involve various service systems for residents, police and public security systems, public education and cultural systems, medical and health systems, environmental protection and environmental information systems. Starting from the government's own construction, the key points include improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the government's core business operation, increasing the transparency of the government's administration according to law, combating corruption and promoting honesty, and developing government information resources.