Why is Jinan called Quancheng?

Jinan is famous for its numerous springs and beautiful scenery. According to statistics, there are four spring areas, ten spring groups and 733 natural springs, which are rare in cities at home and abroad. This is a unique natural karst spring museum. In addition to "Spring City", Jinan is often called "Spring Capital". The springs in Jinan are not only numerous, but also varied in shape and colorful, some spewing out, some waterfall-shaped, and some lake-bay-shaped. Many cool and sweet springs gush from the underground of the city and flow into rivers and lakes. In the peak season, in the spring-intensive areas, there are beautiful scenery of "every spring, every weeping willow" and "crystal stone in the stream". As early as the Song Dynasty, Ceng Gong, a writer, commented: "Qiduo Ganquan is the best in the world", and Yu Qin, a geographer in the Yuan Dynasty, also praised: "Jinan's mountains and rivers are the first, and springs are the first in the world." The clear and sweet spring water is the blood of Jinan, which endows the city with exquisite temperament and vigorous vitality. At the same time, Jinan's urban development, historical evolution and folk customs are also closely related to spring water, forming a unique spring water culture. There are hundreds of springs in Jinan, and there are four famous spring groups: Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Wulongtan Spring and Pearl Spring. According to seventy-two famous springs, there are actually more than 72 springs in Jinan, and there are more than 100 large Koizumi pools in the urban area alone. Siquan Group is the main component, while others live in seclusion in other places within the jurisdiction of Jinan. While re-examining 72 famous springs, Jinan city has divided ten spring groups from the perspective of geography and tourism. They are Baotu Spring Group, Black Tiger Spring Group, Pearl Spring Group and Wulongtan Spring Group in the center of Jinan, Baiquan Spring Group, Zhangqiu Mingshui Baimai Spring Group, Licheng Caishiyu River Spring Group, Licheng Liubu Yongquan Group, Changqing Wande Cassock Spring Group and Pingyin Hongfan Pool Spring Group in the eastern suburbs of Jinan. The top ten spring groups all belong to the generalized "Jinan Spring Group", which is divided into Mingshui Spring Area, Baiquan Spring Area, Jinan Spring Area and Changxiaoquan Area from east to west. From the hydrogeologic point of view, the "four major spring groups" in the urban area represented by Baotu Spring are actually a spring group, belonging to Jinan Spring Group in a narrow sense. They have the same water source and the same recharge area, which are collectively called "Baotu Spring Group" and their recharge area is called "Baotu Spring Area". Liubu, Yongquan group Wande cassock spring group is located in the supply area of the "four major spring groups" in the urban area, namely Baotu Spring area. There is no hydraulic connection between each Koizumi group and between two Koizumi groups, but these springs leak along the river and eventually flow to urban springs. In addition to "Jinan Spring Group", Baiquan Spring Group in the eastern suburb of Jinan, represented by Baiquan, is also the same water source and the same recharge area, and its recharge area is called "Baiquan Spring Area". Cai's Yuhe Spring Group is located in the recharge area of Baiquan Spring Group, that is, Baiquan Spring Area. These springs leak along the river and eventually flow to Baiquan Spring Jinan Avenue of Stars. Due to large-scale mining, Baiquan Spring Group has been cut off all the year round. The recharge area of Zhangqiu Mingshui Spring Group, represented by Baimai Spring, is called Mingshui Spring Area. This spring area spans Zibo and Zhangqiu, and its types are exactly the same as Baotu Spring, Baiquan Spring Group and Spring Area, belonging to the three major spring groups and spring areas in Jinan. Pingyin hongfenquan group, represented by hongfenchi, is located in the south of Changchengling. Surface water and groundwater are self-contained, and both flow to Dawen River. Its spring group type is the same as Yuhe Spring Group in Licheng Quarry. Hongfan spring water does not flow directly to Dawen River, but leaks along the way to supplement the water source of Kongcun-Xiao Zhi, that is, the water source of Shi Heng Power Plant. Edit this passage of seventy-two years of spring. There are hundreds of springs in Jinan. There are three kinds of records about seventy-two famous springs in Jinan in history: Ming Quan Bei in Jin Dynasty, which was narrated by Cheng Qi in Yuan Dynasty to the first year; "Li Cheng" was written in the Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty, and it included "Ji 'nan Seventy-two Springs Poetry" written by Yan Bi in the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. In the early years of the Republic of China, Hao Zhigong wrote Seventy-two Springs in Jinan in the 13th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1874). Seventy-two springs recorded in three places in Lixia District of Jinan City are not the same. More than 1 10 springs are listed in the list of 72 springs. Among them, there are 13 spring names in Ji 'nan Seventy-two Springs Poetry, which are different from those listed in Quanming Monument, and the Dugu Spring of Lingyan Temple and James Li of Liantangling in Quanming Monument were moved to Tianmaling and Kangwangshan in Licheng County. There are 27 springs in Seventy-two Springs in Jinan, which have different names from those in Quanming Monument. In the Ming Dynasty, there were only 3 springs 13 springs, and 24 famous springs 1 names. After historical changes, some springs have lost their addresses, while others have dried up and disappeared. In order to protect famous springs, since September 1998, Jinan City has decided to evaluate 72 of the 733 famous springs in urban and rural areas of the city according to geographical location, spewing volume, surrounding environment, tourism value, history and culture. In April 2004, the new list of "Seventy-two Famous Springs" included Baotu Spring, Pearl Spring and Black Tiger Spring, as well as new famous springs such as Pipa Spring, Agate Spring and Jiunv Spring. Jiuquan, Xiangquan and Jinhu Spring were deleted because of their disappearance. Edit this paragraph, the total record of spring names in Spring City, and tell the story of 72 famous springs in Spring City. In fact, the records in the past dynasties are different. There are more than 72 springs in Jinan, including more than 100 in the urban area alone. Baotu Spring, Black Tiger Spring, Pearl Spring and Wulongtan Spring are the main components of Jinan 72 Spring, while others live in seclusion in other places within the jurisdiction of Jinan. The theory of seventy-two springs originated from the Ming Spring Monument in Jin Dynasty recorded by Cheng Qi. The so-called Baotu Spring, Wulongquan, Baimai Spring, Bean Sprout Spring, Jinxian Spring, Huanghua Spring, Liuxu Spring, Woniu Spring, Gaodong, Shuyu, Una, Shiwan, Jiuquan, Zhan Lu, Man Jing, Zhu Bei Bran, Sanshui, Xiting, Yingying, Grey Spring, Zhiyu, Cinnabar and the central area of the provincial capital. Mixed Sand, Grey Pond, Nanzhu, Furong, Dishui, Grey Bay, Diaoqing, Shuangtao, Hot Spring, Ruquan, Longmen, Dye Pond, Diaoquan, Du Quan, Liu Quan, Plantago, Boiled Bran, Furnace Spring, White Tiger, Mannan, Lin Ji, Bai Quan, Jinsha, Bailong, Huaquan, Dugu and Yiquan.