Key points of six-stage project cost control in the whole process of construction project

In the previous article "Brilliant History of Engineering Cost Makes Brilliant Future of Construction Industry", we analyzed the historical and current characteristics of the development of engineering cost industry and management at home and abroad. In the article "Future-oriented whole-process engineering cost consulting service", we mentioned that the main way to develop the cost industry and improve the management level is to vigorously develop new engineering cost consulting institutions with full-process cost control capabilities. Welcome to review the previous analysis articles.

Obviously, the understanding of the industry is that it is an inevitable trend for the development of project cost management to control the whole process of project cost. It is also the goal pursued by engineering cost management workers. In order to effectively control the construction project cost, the focus of cost control should be shifted to the early stage of construction, so that the project cost control can go deep into the stages of investment decision-making, design, bidding, contract signing, construction process, completion settlement and post-evaluation. Control all stages that affect the project cost in a whole process and in all directions.

So how to control the whole process cost? Let's take a look at it from the project cost big data network.

First, the project investment decision-making stage of cost control

1, choose a reasonable project cost valuation method.

First of all, we should collect as much information as possible about the project cost of similar projects, analyze and sort out this information, and describe the engineering characteristics, process characteristics and technical level of similar projects.

Secondly, the proposed project and the existing project are compared and analyzed. The focus is on the structure, geological and topographic conditions, process selection, process level and equipment selection of the construction project.

Thirdly, according to the above analysis, the valuation method of project cost is determined.

Finally, after the calculation method is determined, the parameters taken in the calculation should be calculated in detail.

2. Earnestly prepare the feasibility study report of the project.

Feasibility study is the scientific basis for project investment decision. It not only evaluates whether the project is feasible in technology, economy and benefit, but also optimizes the scheme. Scientific feasibility study is helpful to prevent and reduce the waste caused by decision-making mistakes and improve economic benefits.

3. Scientifically analyze the project benefits and prepare the project investment estimate.

Investment estimation is to determine the limit of the total investment of the project in the feasibility study stage, and it is also one of the important basis for project decision-making. Investment estimation should be as detailed and comprehensive as possible. Proceed from reality, fully consider the influence of various possible situations and unfavorable factors in the construction process on the project cost, reserve the price fluctuation coefficient for the market situation and construction period, make the investment basically conform to the reality and leave room, and the investment estimation really plays a role in controlling the total investment of the project.

Second, the design stage project cost control

1, quota design is implemented.

The quota design is to control the preliminary design, technical design and construction drawing design according to the approved investment estimate. At the same time, under the premise of ensuring the use of functions, all majors control the design according to the allocated investment limit, strictly control unreasonable changes, and ensure that the total investment does not break through.

2, the implementation of design supervision system.

At present, the competent government departments have not issued a design supervision mechanism, and the review departments such as scheme design, fire protection design and gas are in charge of their own parts, which is not conducive to price control. Conduct design supervision, participate from the feasibility study stage of the project, assist developers in research, investigation and project establishment, demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme and put forward rationality.

Suggestions. Implementing design supervision can reduce possible defects and mistakes in the design process. Improve the design quality and effectively control the project price.

3. Popularize standard design.

The standard design is compiled according to the same conditions and general principles. After certain procedures are approved, the design unit can be reused, which is both high-quality and economical. Standard design can better implement the national technical and economic policies and make rational use of energy, resources, materials and equipment, which is one of the methods to effectively control and reduce the project cost in the design stage.

4. Optimize the design scheme

Optimizing the design scheme is an important step in the design stage and an effective method to control the project cost. Mainly through the methods of design bidding, design scheme comparison, optimization of design scheme by value engineering and technical and economic evaluation of design scheme, this paper demonstrates whether the proposed design scheme is technically feasible, meets the requirements in function, is reasonable in economy and is safe and reliable in use.

Third, the project cost control in the bidding stage

1, reasonably determine the pre-tender estimate.

As an objective means of bid evaluation, pre-tender estimate plays an important role in bidding. First of all, it determines the financial scale of the owner in the bidding project in advance. Second, the pre-tender estimate is the expected price of the owner's project and the basic goal of the owner to control costs. In a word, the pre-tender estimate is compiled by the owner, which can reflect the owner's expectation and the actual expected project cost of the bidding project.

2. Establish a perfect bid evaluation system.

In the project bidding, bid opening and bid evaluation are extremely important links in the bidding procedure. Only by making an objective and fair bid evaluation and using scientific bid evaluation methods can we finally choose the best and most suitable contractor correctly and smoothly and enter the project implementation stage.

Fourth, the cost control in the construction stage of the project

1, control of engineering change

In the process of engineering project construction, engineering changes are inevitable, but they should be effectively controlled. In order to prevent loopholes in the construction drawing, they should be eliminated in the joint review of drawings by Party A and Party B and the technical consultation of the design institute. Therefore, we must strengthen the management of design changes, control design changes as early as possible in the design stage, especially major design changes that affect the project cost, and resolutely stifle them in the cradle, so that the project cost can be effectively controlled.

2, the owner should correctly handle and prevent construction claims.

Engineering claim is a normal phenomenon that often occurs in engineering contracting. In the process of project implementation, it is also an aspect of controlling project cost to prevent contractors from claiming compensation. Due to the changes in construction conditions, climatic conditions, construction progress and price, as well as the changes, differences and delays in contract terms, specifications, standard documents and construction drawings, it is inevitable to claim compensation in project contracting. Its occurrence will inevitably lead to changes in the project cost, so in order to effectively control the project cost, it is necessary to do a good job of claiming compensation, strengthen the overall management of the project in the process of project implementation, and standardize the owner's own behavior, which will play a very important role in controlling the project cost.

3, the demonstration of construction organization design scheme

Construction organization design is a programmatic document to guide construction and an important tool to ensure the smooth progress of the project, ensure the quality of the project and effectively control the project cost. In order to control the project cost, each construction project should make a technical and economic comparative analysis of various construction schemes on the premise of ensuring the project quality, and choose the scheme that can make the best use of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Thereby reducing the engineering cost. Doing a good job in the management of the construction site and adopting new technologies and new processes in the construction can maximize the labor efficiency and reduce the project cost.

4, reasonably determine the material price, strict audit project construction drawing budget.

Material price is an important factor affecting the cost of building products. On the basis of ensuring the quality of materials, strictly controlling the price of materials is an effective means to reduce costs. Strictly review the construction drawing budget of the project, and timely verify the construction drawing budget according to the construction drawing design schedule and the actual progress of on-site construction. For the part of the construction drawing that exceeds the corresponding budget, it is necessary to make a detailed analysis, find out the reasons, communicate with the project leader in time, adjust or correct the control objectives, and implement dynamic control of the project cost.

5. Choose the best professional subcontractor.

In engineering construction, some special professional work has to be entrusted to professional construction units, such as fire fighting engineering, installation engineering of power distribution stations, communication engineering, greening engineering, etc. And these industries have a certain monopoly nature.

Five, late completion settlement control

Completion acceptance, settlement management and warranty management are the last working procedure in the whole process of construction projects, the most important link to comprehensively evaluate whether infrastructure projects meet the design requirements and project quality, and the symbol that investors' achievements are transferred to production or use. At this stage, we should focus on controlling the rationality, integrity and authenticity of project settlement. After the completion acceptance, it is also necessary to control all expenses incurred during the warranty period. The main methods are:

First, do a good job in completion acceptance. The basis and standard of completion acceptance shall be defined, and the completion acceptance shall be organized according to the completion acceptance procedure.

The second is to do a good job in final accounts and correctly verify the value of new assets.

Finally, the treatment of warranty costs, including the treatment of warranty costs caused by survey and design; Treatment of warranty expenses caused by construction reasons; Handling of warranty expenses caused by unqualified equipment, materials and components; Handling of warranty expenses caused by users' use; Treatment of warranty expenses caused by force majeure.

Sixth, the post-evaluation stage.

As a comprehensive evaluation of the whole construction project, post-evaluation is also a summary of the project cost. On the one hand, it summarizes the experience of effective control and comprehensive management of costs during the whole project construction period; On the other hand, the shortcomings of cost control are analyzed. Try to find out the factors that affect the whole process of cost management due to subjective reasons. And overcome it.

Here, I would like to recommend a powerful information-based auxiliary management tool for the whole process of cost control-the index cloud project cost data accumulation and analysis system. This tool uses the latest big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence technologies to provide efficient cost data services for construction-related practitioners, including consulting institutions, design units, developers, construction units and other roles, so that you can import a large number of engineering data into the system for processing, multi-level and multi-dimensional comparative analysis, processing and mining, thus providing you with efficient cost data services.

Thank you for reading. I believe you have understood the main points of the whole process cost management. At the same time, the project cost big data network looks forward to continuing discussions with you. Let's work together to promote the development of engineering cost industry.