Epang Palace Fu: ā Fang (often ng) gō ng fù.
Experts say it should be pronounced. Ah, it means here. The room is a place name. )
Give the article a title. Du Muzuo in Tang Dynasty. Epang Palace was built by Qin Shihuang, but Qin died before it was built and was burned by Xiang Yu. Fu described the magnificence of Epang Palace and the luxury and debauchery of court life with rich imagination, and then pointed out that Qin did not hesitate to use the people's resources, only knew how to plunder the people's wealth and finally died. It is intended to satirize the ruler of the Tang Dynasty (Tang Jingzong) for learning from history. The rhetoric is gorgeous, the language is fluent, and the ending is implicit and tasteful.
original text
After the completion of the six kings, the four seas are one, Shushan is upright, and Afang is out. Overpressure exceeds 300 miles, isolated from the sun. Mount Li is built in the north and folded in the west, leading directly to Xianyang. Erchuan dissolves and flows into the palace wall. Five steps to the first floor, ten steps to a pavilion; Corridor waist back, eaves high; Hold the terrain, intrigue. There are thousands of waves in the hive. What is a cloudless dragon lying on a long bridge? After the road is empty, don't blame Eric? High and low, I don't know the west and the east. Singing warm, spring is harmonious; Ballroom cold sleeves, wind and rain sad. Within a day, the climate is uneven between palaces.
The concubine, the prince and the grandson resigned from the downstairs hall and came to Qin. Singing at night, for Qin citizens. The stars are shining and the cosmetic mirror is on; Lv Yun came forward and combed Xiao Huan; Nutrient flow is greasy, and fat water is abandoned; The smoke is foggy and the pepper orchids are also burning. The thunder shook and the palace car passed; I don't know what I was doing when I was listening in the distance. A muscle, a capacity, extremely beautiful, standing overlooking, a face of good luck; There are still 36 years to hide.
Zhao Yanzhi's collection, the rule of Han and Wei dynasties, the elite of Qi and Chu, plundered by generations, surrounded by mountains and waters; Once you can't get it, you lose it. Tinkling jade, gold pebbles, discarded, are regarded as treasures by Qin people, not very precious. Ha ha! One person's heart, ten thousand people's heart. Qin loves luxury and people are homesick. How can we use it like sand? Make the columns of negative buildings more than the farmers of nanmu; There are more rafters on the beam than working women on the plane; The phosphorus in onion is more than that in millet. The joints of ceramic tiles are uneven, more than the whole body silk; There are more vertical columns and cross sills than nine battlements; The orchestra's strings are hoarse, and they talk more than the city people. Let people all over the world dare not speak or get angry. The single husband's heart is getting more and more arrogant. The defenders shouted, the valley of letters closed, the people of Chu burned, and the poor were scorched.
Oh! Those who destroy the six countries are also six countries, not Qin; Qin is also a Qin family, not the world. Hey, honey! Make the six countries love each other, enough to refuse Qin; Let the state of Qin love the six countries again, and give it to three generations to be king forever. Who wins and who dies? Qin people feel sorry for themselves, and later people mourn for them; Later generations grieved, failed to learn from it, and let future generations mourn for future generations.
translate
The six countries collapsed and the world was unified. All the trees in the mountains of Sichuan were cut down and Epang Palace was built. It covers more than 300 miles, almost covering the sun. It starts from the north of Lishan Mountain and winds westward to Xianyang. Weishui and Fan Chuan, vastly flow into the palace wall. Five steps to the tall building and ten steps to the pavilion; The promenade is like a ribbon, winding and high eaves, pecking in the air like a bird's beak. These pavilions are surrounded by different terrains, cloisters are surrounded by hooks, and the cornices are towering, like battle horns. It twists and turns, as dense as a honeycomb, even like a water vortex. I don't know. Tens of millions. The long bridge lies in the water (like a dragon) and there is no cloud. Why is there a dragonfly? The corridor between pavilions is in the air (like a rainbow), but it is not after rain. How can there be a rainbow? The high and low pavilions are vague, which makes people unable to distinguish between east, west, north and south. Singing from the high platform makes people feel warm, as warm as spring; Dancing sleeves fluttered in the hall, making people feel cold, as if it was raining cold. On the same day, in the same palace, but the climate is very different.
The daughters and granddaughters of ladies-in-waiting, concubines, princes and nobles (six countries) bid farewell to the palace attic of the old country and got into the chariot and went to Qin State. Singing in the morning and playing the piano at night, they became the concubines of Qin Shihuang. I saw the stars twinkling (early in the morning) and turned on the toilet mirror; Seeing the dark clouds disturbing, they combed their hair early in the morning; There is a layer of greasy water on the Weihe River, which they spilled powder water. Light smoke fills the air, and the fragrance is filled with fog, which is the special fragrance of pepper and orchid they burned. Suddenly, the loud noise was deafening, and the palace car passed by. I don't know where it's going, because the sound of the wheels is fading away. (Maid-in-waiting) tries her best to show her charm. Every skin and gesture are extremely touching. They stood and watched for a long time, hoping that the emperor would be lucky to come; (Poor) Some people have not seen the emperor for thirty-six years.
The treasures collected by Zhao in Yan, the gold and silver collected by Wei in South Korea and the treasures preserved by Chu in Qi are all plundered from the people for many years and generations, piling up like mountains. Once the country is destroyed and can no longer be occupied, it will be transported to Epang Palace. From then on, Baoding (as) iron pot, Baoyu (as) stone, gold (as) clods and pearls (as) rubble were littered, which was not a pity for Qin people to see. Alas! One person's idea is also the idea of millions of people. Qin Shihuang liked prosperity and luxury, and the people also missed their homes. Why don't you even let go of a penny when you treasure, but treat it like sediment when you squander it? Even make (Epang Palace) has more pillars supporting the girders than farmers in the fields; There are more rafters on beams than weaver girls on looms; There are more protruding nails than millet in the barn; Uneven tile joints, people wear silk thread; There are more straight railings and horizontal thresholds than the cloisters in Kyushu; Monotonous, rarely changing music, more than people in the city talk. People all over the world are afraid to say it, but their hearts are full of anger. The tyrant Qin Shihuang became more and more arrogant and stubborn. So Chen Sheng and Guangwu rose up, and Liu Bang broke through Hangu Pass; Xiang Yu set a fire, but the luxurious palace became a scorched earth!
Alas! It was the six countries themselves that destroyed the six countries, not the State of Qin. It was the king of Qin himself who destroyed the state of Qin, not everyone in the world. Alas! If the monarchs of the six countries can caress their own people, they can resist the state of Qin; If we can also cherish the people of the six countries, we can pass it on to the third generation, or even to generations as emperors. Who can destroy him? The rulers of Qin had no time to lament their own demise, but let future generations lament; If future generations lament rather than learn from it, then it is necessary for future generations to lament.
Self-reading prompt
Epanggong Fu is selected from Du Mu's Collected Works of Fan Chuan. Du Mu (803-852) was born in Mu Zhi. Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi) was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. This article was written in the year of Bao Liyuan, Emperor Jingzong of the Tang Dynasty (825). The author said in the book "Revelation from the Articles of Upper-level Companions": "Bao Li is a big palace with many melodies, pretending to be" Epang Palace Fu ". Therefore, this poem satirizes the emperor by satirizing the present, that is, the historical fact that Qin Shihuang was extravagant and ruined his future.
The article is well-structured and structured. The first half describes the extravagance of Qin Shihuang in an exaggerated way: the first paragraph writes that the Epang Palace project is huge and magnificent; The second paragraph describes the luxury and corruption of court life. These two paragraphs are well written from the outside to the inside, from pavilions to character activities. The second half, from description to lyrical discussion. In the third paragraph, it is written that the blackmail of the Qin Dynasty led to the peasant uprising. Overthrow its rule; The fourth paragraph is intended to summarize the historical lessons of Qin's death, pointing out that "future generations" (referring to the rulers at that time) will repeat the mistakes of history if they do not learn from them. These two paragraphs are very clear from ancient times to the present.
In this form, Fu pays attention to the neatness of words and the harmony of tones, exaggerates the description of things, and often adds a note at the end to express the meaning of allegory. It is a genre between poetry and prose. This paper has all these characteristics.
This article is full of passion, exquisite language and rich literary talent, both in description and discussion. Sometimes parallel prose is two-way and changes neatly; Sometimes the metaphor is apt and vivid; Sometimes parallelism is used to make the article full of momentum.
To annotate ...
(1) unification.
[Shu, Afang Chu] The mountains in Sichuan are bare, and Afang Palace appears. Stand upright, the mountain is high and flat. It is described here that the trees on the mountain have been completely cut down. Going out, going out, means building.
The total length is more than 300 miles (Weinan to Xianyang). This is to describe the continuous palaces and pavilions, covering an extremely wide area. Cover, cover.
[isolated from the sun] covered the sun. This describes the height of palaces and castles.
Mount Li ... Xianyang [Epang Palace] was built from the north of Mount Li, turned west and went all the way to Xianyang (ancient Xianyang was in the northwest of Mount Li). Go ahead, Tide.
[Erchuan Dissolution] Erchuan refers to Weishui and Fan Chuan. After dissolution, the river flows slowly.
The corridor is wide and winding. The waist of the corridor, the corridor connecting high-rise buildings, is like a person's waist, so. I am wandering. Back, twists and turns.
The eaves (like bird's beak) are upturned. Cornice teeth, eaves protruding like teeth.
【 each terrain 】 each with the terrain. This is a state in which buildings and terrain are built back to back.
[intrigue] The corners of the house are centripetal, like hooks, interrelated; The four corners of the house are opposite, as if they were fighting each other. Heart, house heart. Corner, cornice.
ととととととととととととととととととととととととと12 Plate, turn around. Hey, hey, the way it bends.
There are tens of millions of people standing. Sit down and describe how the building stands. The following "I don't know where it is" has the same usage. Fall, equivalent to "seat" or "place".
The long bridge is covered with water and there is no cloud. How can there be dragons without clouds? The Book of Changes says that "clouds follow dragons", so people think that there should be clouds if there are dragons. This is a pretentious word to describe the long bridge as a dragon.
[Multiple roads] A passage made of wood between pavilions and pavilions. Because there are channels up and down, it is called multipath.
I can't see the difference.
It means that people sing on the stage, and the music sounds like it is full of warmth. Blend like spring. Harmony, harmony.
It means that people dance in the temple, and their sleeves are fluttering, which seems to bring cold, as cold as wind and rain.
Qiáng refers to the court concubines of the princes of the six countries. They have their own rank (princesses rank higher than concubines). I am the man who married him, or I can be the man who married him. The following "prince's grandson" refers to the daughters and granddaughters of five princes in six countries.
[Leave the downstairs, go to Qin State [Ni M [n]], bid farewell to the imperial palace (of the six countries), and go to Qin State by chariot.
[The stars are shining, and the makeup mirror is turned on] (Light as) The stars are shining, which is the mirror that (officially) turns on makeup. Yingying, bright posture. The following four sentences are the same sentence pattern.
The fat cream ("fat water containing rouge and face powder") has gone up.
[Pepper orchid] Two kinds of spice plants.
The sound of cars is getting farther and farther away. Rolling, the sound of the car dealership.
Any part of the skin, any kind of appearance, is extremely charming. State refers to the beauty of the body. Yan, beautiful
[Li Li] It's been a long time.
Fortunately, when emperors went to a place in feudal times, they were called "lucky". The princess and the concubine were favored by the emperor and were called "lucky". The "lucky" here includes the above two meanings.
[Thirty-six years] The reign of Qin Shihuang was thirty-six years. According to the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (22 years before1year), China was unified, and in the 37th year (209 years before), he died, calling himself emperor for 12 years. Here, 36 years is the length of service, which is a long time.
[Collection] refers to gold, jade, treasures, etc. The following "management" and "elite" also mean this.
Ask the people for pi ā o. Plagiarism, robbery, plunder. People, people Tang avoided the taboo of Emperor Taizong and changed people into people. Next, people are homesick, the six countries love each other and Fu Qin loves the six countries.
The word "person" is the same as this.
Accumulate.
【 Tinkling jade, gold nuggets and pebbles 】 chēng of Baoding (as an iron pot), beautiful jade (as a human head), gold (as clods) and pearls (as stones). A shallow pan.
〕 change (lǐ yǐ)〕 continuous. It means "connected" and "everywhere".
zh)ととととととととととと
[The pillar of the negative building] undertakes the pillar of the pillar.
The prominent way of stone in water. The protruding nail head is described here.
G (y incarnation) is an open-air barn.
[Nine Earths] Kyushu.
[Du Fu] refers to Qin Shihuang.
Stubborn.
"Garrison Call" refers to the Guangwu Uprising in Chen She.
In 206 BC, Liu Bang led an army into Xianyang, overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty and sent troops to guard Hangu Pass. Lift, pull, grab.
Refers to the chu people burned a torch 】 【 xiang yu (descendants of chu general Xiang Yan) also entered xianyang in 206 BC, burned the palace of the state of qin, the fire didn't go out in March.
[clan] Used as a verb to destroy a clan and kill its people.
Pass it on, pass it on in order.