1. In order to strengthen the cost management of hydropower projects, it is necessary to establish a unified project cost information network.
At present, many regions in China have established local engineering cost information websites. General engineering classification, material classification, material coding, index and price are all classified according to local habits, which brings inconvenience to users all over the country. From the development point of view, it is an inevitable product of the application of information technology in the field of project cost management to establish a unified national project cost information network according to project classification, unified information collection standards, unified information coding, unified caliber content and unified database solutions, which is also expected by cost workers. The website should provide project cost information all over the country, including building materials price information, cost indicators, industry trends, documents and regulations, etc. This is not only beneficial to users' inquiry, analysis and decision-making, but also beneficial to the unified management of national authorities, which makes the project cost develop in a benign direction.
2. To strengthen the cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, we must improve the project cost management system.
It is necessary to establish a unified project cost management organization, strengthen the management function of the project cost management department, strengthen the national macro-control ability, speed up the construction of laws and regulations, and standardize the construction market. Not only that, we also need to formulate and improve the project cost quota system. At present, China adopts the budget to determine the project cost, that is, the direct cost is calculated according to the quota, the indirect cost, profit and tax are calculated according to the charging standard, and then the project cost is finally obtained according to the relevant documents. This procedure and method are still adopted. At present, China's quota system is relatively complete, forming various horizontal occupational quotas and vertical national or local quotas. Therefore, it is very important to further update and improve the quota system in practice.
3. To strengthen the cost management of hydropower projects, it is necessary to build a network market operation platform for project cost.
Using information technology to establish the operating platform of engineering cost network market, establish virtual building materials market on the network, carry out network management, and open up e-commerce utilization such as online ordering. From a global perspective, it is the general trend to promote the networking, initiative, electronization and all-round information sharing of construction management. Video conference network based on modern communication network will become an important part of information technology in construction industry. Will be valued by all units, so it is an inevitable trend to realize online bidding. On this operating platform, it can be implemented according to the following procedures: issuing tender announcement, online bidder registration, bidder pre-qualification, randomly selecting expert judges, submitting bids online, online bid opening, bid evaluation, bid selection and contract management. This is not only beneficial to the justice and fairness of management, but also beneficial to the benign development of project cost.
4. To strengthen the cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, we must improve the project cost management network system.
The effectiveness of project cost management network system should not be limited to the use of cost software and budget, but also the effectiveness of statistics, analysis and preliminary processing of various letters and software packages in the background; The management of the ultimate database should have the effect of comprehensive management; The front desk should be networked, and all kinds of information can be released in different categories. That is, the project cost information network system aims to realize the initiative of building products from scheme design, construction management to operation, and project cost management is a complete management system that runs through all levels of the building product process. Project cost management is the establishment of network system, which should follow the principles of unity, standardization, networking and intelligence. Because of its professionalism and strong policy, the project cost management network system should be set up by the state, led by the it department and jointly developed with relevant departments. Unify system development, coverage and information update, formulate network regulations, break the boundaries between departments and localities, support each other, scientifically divide the work, reduce duplication, give full play to the overall advantages, and establish and improve network service institutions.
5. To strengthen the cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, it is necessary to optimize and integrate the cost and its management software.
Optimizing and integrating cost and its management software is the key to the application of information technology in project cost management. Its organization and implementation must be organized by the state to form a professional group of engineering cost management personnel from all walks of life, ministries, provinces and cities and relevant computer professionals, summarize all kinds of engineering cost management software currently developed, analyze their advantages and disadvantages, and use advanced and universal software development systems to specify the practical environment of the software. In this regard, we should do a good job in the following aspects:
First, the project cost management department takes the lead, and all kinds of software and development companies combine resources to make unified arrangements.
The second is to design and develop pricing, management and network operation according to the unified information number classification and hierarchical structure.
Thirdly, the developed software of various categories and levels is combined and demonstrated repeatedly, and finally a national unified online cost management software is launched and updated regularly.
6, to strengthen the cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, we must implement the whole cost management.
The construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects is generally a long-term and large-scale production and construction process. Due to various objective and non-objective factors, in order to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the project cost, we should start from the following aspects.
The first is the project proposal stage. It is necessary to put forward a preliminary idea for the investment of water conservancy and hydropower projects, preliminarily select the scale indicators of various projects according to technical analysis, make investment estimation, and put forward a fund-raising plan.
The second is the feasibility study and project decision-making stage. It is necessary to control the scale and design standards of water conservancy and hydropower projects, do a good job in investment estimation and technical and economic comparison of different schemes, and analyze and demonstrate the economic rationality of the projects. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare an investment estimation report, which should be as well-founded and detailed as possible, and strive to make the investment estimation as comprehensive as possible, so that the investment estimation can really control the total investment of the project.
The third is the design stage. The preliminary design is a comprehensive arrangement of technology and economy for the proposed project. This stage is the core of cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects. The central task is to control the cost in the early stage, pay attention to the economic and technical comparison of various schemes, and design the quota by optimizing the design, that is, control the preliminary design according to the standard investment estimation. Take the investment approved in the previous stage as the overall goal of investment control in the next design stage, improve efficiency and reduce investment as much as possible.
The fourth is the construction preparation stage. Project cost management mainly includes the preparation of pre-tender estimate and bid quotation, as well as the cost management in contract negotiation and contract signing. In the second stage, bidding management is an effective guarantee to avoid cost management out of control. Through reasonable bidding management, the contractor's quotation is reasonable and reliable, the construction and installation project cost is determined in the form of economic contract, and the construction team's ability and quality assurance measures are comprehensively considered to select the team with reasonable quotation.
The fifth is the construction implementation stage. During the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the audit department shall strengthen the audit of the source and expenditure of the project funds; And adopt the way of "static control and dynamic management", strictly control the static investment of the project, effectively control various price differences and financing costs, and the construction contractor should also effectively control costs.
Sixth, the completion acceptance stage. According to the general budget of water conservancy and hydropower project, project management budget, project contract, price adjustment, project settlement and other related information, the final accounts of the project are prepared. Do a good job in post-construction evaluation, summarize cost data and results, and provide reference for subsequent projects.
Seventh, the post-evaluation stage. Water conservancy and hydropower projects should be evaluated after investment, national economic benefits and financial benefits.
In addition to the project cost management at all stages of water conservancy and hydropower project construction, at the macro level, the government must establish and improve the project cost management system by formulating and implementing relevant laws and regulations, and deepen the reform of the project cost management system. For water conservancy and hydropower construction projects invested by the state, the relevant government departments must also directly manage the project cost through means such as examination and approval and investment control.
abstract
The cost management of water conservancy and hydropower projects should not only sum up the past experience and lessons, but also adapt to the characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower industry, actively advocate the project cost management mode of "reasonable prediction, static control and dynamic management" and the dynamic allocation of resources, and design a variety of optimal schemes. While ensuring the project quality and improving the investment benefit, we will strive to reduce the project cost, so that the project cost can be truly controlled within the estimated investment amount of the project, and achieve the expected purpose.
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