[In the fourth year of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1509), the Humble Administrator's Garden was first built by Wang, and it was named "Humble Administrator" because of a passage in the Jin Dynasty's "Living in Idleness": "Build a room to plant trees, enjoy yourself ... irrigate the garden and provide food for the morning and evening ... This is also my policy of Humble Administrator's Garden". There is a clever idea that simple people are responsible for their own gardens.
According to historical records, it was first designed by a painter commissioned by Wang. The paintings of My Humble Administrator's Garden, My Humble Administrator's Garden Notes and My Humble Administrator's Garden Fu have been handed down from generation to generation, which completely outlined the landscape and style of the garden. At that time, the park area was about 13.4 hectares, which was relatively large. There are many gaps in the garden, there is water in the middle, and the marsh is turned into a pool, which is broad and lush. There are Fanhuawu, Yiyuxuan, Furong Hexuan, Threshold, Pool, Terrace, Dock and Stream, with 365,438+0 scenic spots. The whole park is full of wild bamboo forests, mountains and rivers, close to natural scenery and full of rich natural wild interest.
According to the description in My Humble Administrator's Garden, when he first built this garden, he found that it was soft in geology, rich in water and heavy in humidity, so it was not suitable for building houses. Therefore, Wen Zhiming took water as the main body, supplemented by plants, designed various scenic spots according to local conditions, and put metaphors in poems and paintings on the visual level. There are many Wen Zhiming's couplets and poems in the garden, among which "borrowing the breeze and bright moon, watching the flowing water and the mountains" in the "Five Bamboo Pavilion" can best set off the artistic conception of the garden. In addition, the wisteria planted in the garden is said to have been planted by Wen Zhiming himself. It can be seen that Wen Zhiming likes plants very much. Some scholars have analyzed that more than half of 3 1 scenic spots are related to plants and their meanings.
Experience-More than one hundred and twenty years later, Chongzhen was abandoned for nearly thirty years for four years (A.D. 163 1) and became the East Garden with mound ruins, which was owned by assistant minister Wang Xinyi. Wang Shan painted landscapes, carefully managed them, sorted out gullies and valleys, and restored them, and renamed "Zhuozheng" as "Guiyuan", taking the meaning of Tao Yuanming's poems.
Chen Zhilin bought this garden in the tenth year of Qing Shunzhi. 1662, Humble Administrator's Garden was confiscated. In the early years of Kangxi, it used to be the general mansion and the Junlu Museum. Later, it was sent back to Chen Zhilin and sold to Wu Sangui's husband, Wang Yongning. Wang Xiu built a large number of buildings, piled up hills and valleys, and the shape of the garden changed greatly.
In the eighteenth year of Kangxi, he served as the general office of Su Song. In the third year of Qianlong (AD 1738), Jiang Bai took over the garden and slightly changed its scale. The east yard is divided into two parts: the middle and the west.
In the tenth year of Xianfeng (A.D. 1860), during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, Zhongjun Li Xiucheng took this garden as an important base in Suzhou and converted it into Zhongjun Palace.
In the third year of Guangxu (AD 1877), Zhang took over this garden and renamed it "Bu Garden". At that time, the hinterland of the Humble Administrator's Garden was reduced to 1.2 hectares, and Zhang renovated many details, thus laying the foundation for today's Humble Administrator's Garden.