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Interpretation of the curriculum standard 1, understanding Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, telling the historical facts of Zu Chongzhi's calculation of pi, and understanding China's achievements in ancient mathematics.
2. Know Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
3. Understand the main historical facts of the introduction of Buddhism and the rise of Taoism.
Learning objective: 1. Understand the advanced scientific and technological achievements in Qin and Han dynasties-papermaking, mathematics, geography and medicine; Understand the religions in Qin and Han dynasties, Sima Qian's historical records, Qin terracotta warriors and horses.
2. Enhance students' national pride by learning the scientific and technological achievements of this period.
Learning focus: Cai Lun improves papermaking; Seismograph; Historical records, Qin terracotta warriors and horses.
Students, can you name four great inventions of ancient china? The evolution of ancient writing materials in China experienced tortoise shell and animal bones, stone carvings, bamboo slips and silk scripts. So, when did China start to use paper as a new writing material? What does "Cai Hou Paper" mean? What mathematical achievements are summarized in Nine Chapters Arithmetic? Is it a math monograph? Do you know what contribution Zhang Heng has made in earthquake research? Do you know "imperial doctor" and "medical sage"? "Saving a life is better than building a seven-level pagoda" and "Good intentions are rewarded" ... Do you know that these statements are all related to Buddhism? In which country did Buddhism come into being? When was it introduced to China? Why did it get advocated by the rulers so quickly? How much influence does it have on China culture? Who is the founder of Taoism, a local religion in China? Do you know "too old gentleman"? Mr. Lu Xun called Sima Qian's Historical Records "a masterpiece of historians, and Li Sao has no rhyme." Do you know why? When was the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum excavated? Why is it famous in the world? What is its charm?
With curiosity, let's enter this lesson.
Learning process:
1. Autonomous learning: The reasons for the prosperity of Qin and Han culture are: 1. In the Han dynasty, the country was in a unified situation for a long time, and the environment was relatively stable, which provided a guarantee for the development of culture. 2. The economic development in Han Dynasty promoted the prosperity of culture (improvement of farm tools, cultivation of greenhouse vegetables, etc.). ); 3. The strengthening of exchanges between ethnic groups has promoted the development of culture (such as the significance of Zhang Qian's mission to the western regions, the development of the Huns after reunification, and the departure of the monarch); 4. The increase of exchanges between China and foreign countries has enriched the connotation of China culture (such as the introduction of Buddhism); 5. People's innovation is an inexhaustible motive force for cultural development (such as the invention and improvement of papermaking).
Scientific and technological achievements: 1. Papermaking: Paper for writing and painting appeared in the Western Han Dynasty (unearthed from the Han Tomb in Tianshui, Gansu); Cai Lun improved papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which made paper widely used. Influence: The invention of papermaking is a great contribution of our people to world culture. 2. Mathematics: Nine Arithmetic Chapters in the Eastern Han Dynasty summarized the mathematical achievements since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Evaluation: Some of them have advanced world level. Geography: In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng invented the seismograph. Evaluation: It is recognized as the earliest instrument to determine the direction of earthquakes in the world. 3. Medicine: During the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was good at surgery, made a general anesthetic "Mafeisan" and created a medical gymnastics "Wuqinxi". Influence: Mafeisan is a pioneering work in the history of world medicine. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases. Influence: laid the foundation of TCM therapeutics; He was called "medical sage" by the late Buddha.
1. Dong Fangshuo, a doctor in the Western Han Dynasty, wrote a letter to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The bamboo slips used needed two people to carry them into the palace. After that, the inconvenience of carrying books was changed for the first time, benefiting from the invention of (c) A. Block printing B. Movable type printing C. Paper making technology D. Ink making technology.
There are Cai Lun Palace in Japan and Cai Lun Museum in France ... Cai Lun is so respected by the world because of his B.
A. invented printing B. improved papermaking C. invented gunpowder D. made compass
3. Among the following historical figures, (b) made the greatest contribution to the spread of human culture.
A. Zhang Heng B. Cai Lun C. Zhang Zhongjing D. Sima Qian
4. The following statement about the invention of papermaking is incorrect (C).
A. China was the first country in the world to invent paper. Cai Lun invented papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
C. Paper used for writing and painting appeared in the early Western Han Dynasty. D. This is the contribution of the Chinese nation to world civilization.
5. Among the following statements, (a) is impossible.
A. During the Western Han Dynasty, the use of paper was quite common.
B At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a person suddenly fell ill, and the doctor prescribed "Ma Fei San" to the patient and performed a laparotomy.
C Dong Fangshuo, a writer of the Western Han Dynasty, played a book of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty with 3,000 pieces of bamboo slips, and it took two people to lift it.
D in a.d. 183, the seismograph spit out copper balls at Longkou in the west, and people soon knew that there was an earthquake in the west.
With the rapid development of science and technology, people will soon know where the earthquake happened, and people in the Eastern Han Dynasty will soon know the direction of the earthquake. They rely on (d) A. Beacon transmission B. Pegasus transmission C. Globe display D. Seismograph display.
7. The following scientific and technological achievements, does not belong to the Qin and Han Dynasties is (D)
A. Zhang Heng invented the seismograph B. Hua Tuo made the anesthetic "Ma Fei San".
C. Cai Lun improved papermaking. D. Zu Chongzhi obtained a more accurate pi.
8. The scientific and technological achievement that contributed the most to the spread of human culture during the Qin and Han Dynasties was (C)
A. Chapter 9 Arithmetic B. Seismograph C. Papermaking D. Treatise on Febrile Diseases
9. There is a famous scenic spot in Nanyang City, Henan Province ── "Medical Shrine", which was built to commemorate an outstanding medical scientist in ancient China. The doctor's works are (c) A. Compendium of Materia Medica B. Qian Jin Fang C. Treatise on Febrile Diseases D. Materia Medica of Tang Dynasty.
10 .. In order to prevent and treat highly pathogenic avian influenza, in June 2005, 1 1, scientists in China successfully developed a "human avian influenza vaccine". Do you know who was the physician who wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases to prevent and treat infectious diseases in the late Eastern Han Dynasty? C
A. Bian Que B. Hua Tuo C. Zhang Zhongjing D. Cai Lun
1 1. In the Han Dynasty, if someone wanted to operate under general anesthesia, which of the following doctors do you think was more reassuring (b)?
A. Bian Que B. Hua Tuo C. Zhang Zhongjing D. Li Shizhen
Religion: 1, Buddhism: Buddhism was introduced to China in the late Western Han Dynasty and began to spread in the Eastern Han Dynasty; During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Taoism rose among the people in China. 2. Taoism: In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Ling founded Taoism. 3. Influence: Buddhism can paralyze people's will to resist, and Taoism caters to the psychological needs of rulers to pursue immortality. So both religions spread and developed. The spread of Buddhism and Taoism has had a far-reaching impact on the development of China culture.
1. As the saying goes, "Every family is avalokitesvara and everyone is Amitabha". To some extent, it reflects the prevalence of Buddhism among the people in China. Excuse me, Buddhism was introduced into China Central Plains in (b) A. Qin Dynasty B. Late Western Han Dynasty C. Wei, Jin, D. Sui and Tang Dynasties.
2. After Buddhism was introduced into China, it was actively advocated and fostered by feudal rulers. The root cause is (d)
A. if you believe in Buddhism, you can get happiness in the afterlife. B. it has a far-reaching impact on China's cultural development.
C. Some feudal nobles believed in Buddhism. D. The spread of Buddhism was beneficial to the rule of feudal countries.
3. Both Buddhism and Taoism are welcomed and supported by the rulers, and the same reason is (c).
A. they are all foreign religions. They catered to the ruler's desire to live forever.
C. Everyone can anesthetize people's minds. D. Everyone advocates self-cultivation and immortality.
There was an emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty who was obsessed with immortality, and he became an immortal. He specially sent someone to refine Dan medicine for him to take. This shows that he (b)
A. Believe in Buddhism B. Believe in Taoism C. Believe in Confucianism D. Believe in Christianity
If people can endure hardships in this life and truly believe in Buddhism, they will be happy in the afterlife. The religion that preaches this kind of preaching is (a)
A. Buddhism b Taoism c Christianity d Islam
6. Some students want to travel to Taoist holy places in summer vacation. They should go to (c).
A. White Horse Temple B. Shaolin Temple C. Wudang Mountain D. Yungang Grottoes
7. Taoism is a native religion in China, and one of the sources of Taoist thought is (B) in the Warring States Period.
A. Confucianism B. Taoism C. Mohist D. Legalist
Historical Records by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty. Evaluation: It is China's first biographical general history and an excellent literature and history work. Art: Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum. Evaluation: It shows the majestic momentum of Qin Wang sweeping Liuhe, and it is a bright pearl in the world art treasure house.
1. The following historical events cannot be recorded in Historical Records (D)
A. Chen Sheng and Guangwu Uprising B. Hongmen Banquet C. Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions D. Zhang Heng invented the seismograph.
2. In today's suburb of hancheng city, Shaanxi Province, there is a "Han Taishi Cemetery" surrounded by ancient cypresses. Comrade Guo Moruo once wrote a poem for this purpose: "There are dragons in Longmen and dragons in Yu Zhong. Unprecedented academic training and outstanding articles. ..... pursuing my father's career, I will be old for a thousand years. " This masterpiece of Tai Shigong is (a) A. Historical Records B. New Words C. Songs of the South D. The Analects of Confucius.
3. In 2007, Wang Liqun Reading Historical Records was broadcast in the lecture room of CCTV, which attracted many history lovers. The following statement about shiji is wrong (a)
A describes the history from Yuanmou to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. B is a general history of China's first biography.
Described the history from Huangdi to Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty. Affirmed the revolutionary initiative of Chen Sheng and Guangwu in the anti-Qin struggle.
4. Historical Records is an outstanding historical work, mainly because of its (D)
Chen Sheng's family praised the rebellious spirit of Guangwu Uprising. Depicted many historical figures.
C praised the fighting spirit of the peasant leaders. D. The style is complete, informative and vivid.
5. The sculpture group that was listed in the World Cultural Heritage List and excavated in the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province and caused a sensation in the world was (D)
A. Sanxingdui bronze civilization B. Longmen Grottoes C. Yungang Grottoes D. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum
6. An art interest group wants to visit the sculpture art of Qin Dynasty. You can suggest that they go to (d).
A. Luoyang, Henan B. Datong, Shanxi C. Dunhuang, Gansu D. xi 'an, Shaanxi
7. The following statement about the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum is wrong (D).
A. It reflects the artistic level of sculpture in Qin Dynasty. B) It shows the majestic momentum of Qin Jun's sweeping across six countries.
C. terracotta warriors and horses are roughly equivalent to real horses. D. Reflects the influence of Buddhist culture on China.
Second, cooperative inquiry: read the following materials carefully and make a judgment:
One day in BC 1 year, Prime Minister Lisi returned to his mansion after a busy day. Suddenly he felt thirsty, so he drank water and ate grapes specially sent by the Western Regions.
Diagnostic result: Error.
2. Xiao Zhang asked, "Xiao Li, I am very interested in the ancient wars in the history of China. Can you recommend me an ancient art book introducing the art of war? " Xiao Li said, "That's too simple. Look at the historical records! "
Diagnostic result: Error.
3. Xiao Hu asked, "Xiao Ming, do you know where Buddhism originated?"
Xiao Ming replied: "Of course, there are so many Buddhist temples in China, which of course originated in China."
Diagnostic result: Error.
Xiao Li asked, "Xiao Fang, which historical figure do you admire most?"
Xiao Fang said: "I admire Cai Lun most because he invented paper and promoted the development of world culture."
Diagnosis: Yes.
Fourth, expansion and extension: The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, from the design of icons and torches to the collection and transmission of the flame, has a deep origin with human civilization. Please answer the following questions according to the picture below: 1. Qin dynasty ii. Cai Lun.