Judging from the process of enterprise informatization construction in China, the investment of the state and enterprises in informatization construction is also changing with the development of informatization, which can be roughly divided into three development stages. In the first stage, the state incorporated information construction into the social development strategy, invested a lot of money to build an external network, and laid a solid foundation for information development. The informatization of some large state-owned enterprises has also developed, but it only stays at the stage of simply using computers. In the second stage, some enterprises gradually realized the broad development prospects of informatization construction, began to incorporate informatization construction into their development strategies, and actively increased their investment in this field. On the one hand, the government actively develops information infrastructure; On the other hand, we are committed to government informationization, using information technology to reform the government and build an e-government. In the third stage, the all-round development of informatization leads to the rapid development of information industry and brings great benefits to enterprises. Facing the needs of their own development, enterprises have gradually increased their independent investment and operation in information construction. As a new industry, information service industry has also emerged, and it has also attracted the entry of private venture capital.
First, China's construction enterprise information development limitations and deficiencies
Due to the production and operation characteristics of project management, such as complex workflow, strong dynamics, numerous data files and difficult information management, the overall level of integrating enterprise resources with information management in the construction industry is low, and there are obvious limitations and deficiencies, mainly in the following aspects:
1, the relevant national laws are relatively backward. The sustainable development of e-commerce depends on the formulation of relevant contract legal framework. Only by formulating a series of rules and standards, further optimizing the policy and legal environment of enterprise informatization, and creating a fair trading platform for enterprise informatization, can we step into a benign cycle of development. However, the development of e-commerce in China is slow, and the domestic laws in this area are either blank or simple, which makes it difficult to ensure the safety and legitimacy of the information operation of the construction industry.
2. On the one hand, governments at all levels and relevant departments have insufficient understanding of the role of information management in promoting construction enterprises; Insufficient support for technology, capital and communication infrastructure construction. On the other hand, the degree of government informatization is not high, which fails to provide a good supporting environment and docking mode for enterprise informatization; It has not played a role in promoting enterprise informatization.
3. The social information service institutions are not perfect and the overall service level is not high. No matter government websites or commercial websites, most of them mainly publish information, lacking tools, network software and information interaction; There are too few consulting organizations specializing in enterprise management diagnosis and restructuring, and the problem of disorderly competition in the software market needs to be solved urgently.
4. Construction enterprises failed to make full use of the convenience brought by the Internet to realize online material procurement, bidding, project management, information exchange and information release. And e-commerce has not really developed.
5. The application of stand-alone software is the main method. The stand-alone operation only takes advantage of the fast operation speed of the computer, without forming a network and realizing the enjoyment and instant transmission of enterprise information, which is inefficient. According to relevant data, the deep utilization rate of PC in the United States is 38%, while that in China is only 6%.
6. Compound management talents with profound computer skills and familiarity with their own businesses are the backbone and powerful promoters of enterprises' informatization and networking construction.
However, for a long time, the cultivation of computer knowledge and management knowledge has been decoupled from each other and carried out separately, lacking the education and training of compound talents, and the talents are too single. The informatization development of construction enterprises in China lags behind other industries. Therefore, at this stage, the investment development strategy of China's construction enterprises should be mainly based on their own financial resources, technology, development strategy, market core competitiveness and so on. To study the timing, intensity and mode of information construction.
Second, the government's strategy to promote information construction
After more than 20 years of development in China's informatization construction, the government, as an advocate, promoter and beneficiary of social informatization construction, has used policies to guide the development of industry informatization, promote information enjoyment, invest in public facilities construction, provide social welfare services and vigorously develop e-government.
1, respect the main role of enterprises. Mobilize and improve the enthusiasm of enterprises through various channels, thus generating the internal motivation and consciousness of informatization. Develop e-government projects, use modern information technology to promote government management and the operation of government departments, and effectively transform the reform and functions of government institutions into macro-control, social management and public services. Everything is enterprise-centered, and the process of informatization is promoted step by step through market operation, thus driving the informatization construction of the whole society.
2. While strengthening infrastructure construction and speeding up the development of information resources, the government must guarantee it through legislation. On the one hand, in the initial stage of informatization construction, the government is committed to establishing expressway to provide a good external environment for the informatization development of enterprises, such as the networking informatization construction of financial management systems such as banks and taxation and government financial management systems. The government mainly guarantees the development of social informatization through policies and laws, and encourages enterprises to invest in informatization, thus promoting the perfection and development of informatization. On the other hand, the government should make full use of information technology to promote the transformation of government management system, management concept, management mode and management means, and promote the transformation of government functions to the requirements of macro-control, social service, public management and market supervision, so as to promote the informationization of national economy and society.
3. Guide private capital investment and expand the investment power of third parties (such as information construction service providers). Because of the broad market prospect of the information industry, it is irresistible to private funds. China's informatization construction should introduce market-oriented operation mode, entrust some projects that can produce economic benefits to third parties, introduce private funds and develop information industry. Therefore, the state should introduce relevant laws and regulations on venture capital management, open the private capital market, guide private capital to enter the venture capital market, and increase the overall investment in the information industry. For example, through taxation, finance and other policies, by maintaining low tariffs and expanding demand, we will give certain support to information industry units, reduce the risk of venture capital through policies, and increase the income of information enterprises.
Third, construction enterprises to promote the strategy of information construction
Realizing informatization is an inevitable requirement for construction enterprises to survive, develop and enhance their international competitiveness. Construction enterprises must deeply realize that information technology is playing an increasingly important role in the implementation of engineering projects, so as to increase the application of products in this respect. Informatization construction must proceed from the enterprise's own conditions and advance according to the requirements of objective laws. Enterprises should also realize that informatization construction brings high benefits and high risks, that is, informatization construction can improve the productivity and expand the income of enterprises, and poor investment may also make them fall into investment difficulties. Therefore, construction enterprises must accurately understand and apply information management, evaluate information management, and formulate and implement effective information development strategies. For construction enterprises, a well-prepared and effective information construction strategy should include:
1, resource integration and accurate positioning within the enterprise. Although enterprises with * * * characteristics in enterprise system, management mode, development stage and operation scale can learn from each other in informatization construction, any enterprise informatization model (even if it is very successful) cannot be completely copied. Because the problems faced by every enterprise cannot be exactly the same. Therefore, before investing in informatization construction, enterprise decision-makers should first conduct a comprehensive self-diagnosis and accurate positioning or even repositioning of enterprises from the aspects of business strategy, system, technology, management, corporate culture, human resources and industry environment, and on this basis, determine the key needs, policies, scope, stages and depth of enterprise informatization construction, and determine the strategy of informatization construction, so as to serve the future business development of enterprises and enhance their core competitiveness.
2. Make clear the overall goal and stage goal of enterprise informatization construction. Because the informatization construction of enterprises is a dynamic and long-term process, enterprises should first set the overall goal, and at the same time plan the stage goal of informatization development according to their own business methods, product characteristics and management processes. Generally speaking, the general goal of enterprise informatization construction is to strengthen communication between personnel at all levels of enterprises and between enterprises and cooperative units; Strengthen customer relationship management and improve service quality; Strengthen and optimize the management level of enterprises and improve the production efficiency of enterprises. Only by gradually achieving the phased goals can we continuously promote the informatization process of enterprises, such as establishing internal networks of enterprises, strengthening the development and utilization of information resources, and strengthening the construction of information infrastructure, including computer systems, database systems, network systems, and information application systems. Speed up information flow and realize internal resource sharing; Connect enterprise intranet and extranet, make full use of enterprise intranet and internet, establish online marketing system, actively promote enterprise e-commerce, realize company management informationization, realize intelligent decision-making of management information system, and establish customer relationship management and supply chain management system; Using the advanced management concept of enterprise information system, adjust the enterprise management and organization mode that matches the information system, and gradually realize the information management of enterprise work.
3. Determine the timing and investment intensity of informatization construction. Informatization construction is a systematic project, and its start-up involves the transformation of enterprise management concept, the construction, reorganization and reconstruction of processes and the integration of enterprise resources. It is related to the working methods and ideas of personnel. Therefore, it is very important to choose the start-up time and investment intensity. Enterprises should comprehensively and objectively analyze the relationship between the state and enterprises themselves, accumulate motivation, overcome resistance, and actively and systematically prepare the conditions needed for informatization implementation, so as to determine the best time and investment to start informatization construction.
4. Evaluate the informatization construction. Informatization construction is a high-investment and high-risk process. It is necessary to evaluate informatization management and informatization business regularly, make clear the shortcomings and surpluses in the process of enterprise informatization construction, and adjust the strategies of enterprise informatization construction in time to achieve the goals of optimizing enterprise value chain, improving production efficiency and creating more value.
Four. Concluding remarks
At present, the application scope of informatization in China's construction enterprises is narrow, mainly focusing on the technical application of single-machine operation document processing and data calculation, which fails to control the progress, quality and cost in the construction process as a whole. While continuing to increase investment in informatization, the construction industry should pay more attention to construction and application strategies, make full use of social resources, deeply develop information resources with the help of third-party information companies, and establish customer relationship management systems, production management systems and enterprise resource planning management systems by using information technology. , so as to realize the informatization of construction enterprises.
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