In the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Chen Shou commented that Zhuge Liang was "better at governing Rong, shorter than using troops, better at governing the people and better than generals". Zhuge Liang's fighting is not as magical as described in the romance.
It is recorded in the Book of Jin that Sima Yi's evaluation of Zhuge Liang is "thinking more and making less decisions". In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there are ninety-five times saying that "Sima Yi led 200,000 troops out of the customs and went to the village, and asked Zhang He, the pioneer, to come to the account and say,' Zhuge Liang was cautious all his life and dared not make a difference. If I play, I will take Chang 'an from the Meridian Valley Trail, which was a long time ago. He has no plan, but he is afraid of losing and refuses to take risks. ……'"。
It seems that Zhuge Liang's caution is right. Judging from several encounters with Sima Yi, Zhuge Liang's principle of using troops is to be cautious first and then cautious. His empty plan is definitely not in history. It is conceivable that Zhuge Liang, who is cautious, would not "play with fire" like this.
Caution may still have its positive significance in dealing with people, but marching and fighting may not be effective. In the case of winning more with less, commanders often dare to take certain risks to win.
Caution in combat can certainly reduce losses, but excessive caution often delays fighters, and if you think too much, you will hesitate. Such examples can be found at any time and in any country. In a word, Zhuge Liang is not a strategist.
Second, do everything yourself.
In the History of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang was praised for writing the topic himself, which is considered to be a true portrayal of his professionalism. It is true that Zhuge Liang has a professional ethics, and his loyalty to Shu can be seen by giving an example.
Sadly, however, he is not a leader who can grasp the key points of his work, and he has made a big taboo in doing everything himself. People's energy is limited. Zhuge Liang is not a god. Even if he has the ability to do everything by himself, he will overdraw his energy and physical strength. In fact, he is too tired. He is only 54 years old, not too old.
Third, employment is not good.
In his life, Zhuge Liang missed these three generals and didn't use them in the right place, which led to the demise of Shu.
Liu Feng, Liu Bei's adopted son, has martial arts, great strength and great achievements. He led the army with Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun. "Go upstream to the west, where they are fighting." After Liu Bei occupied Hanzhong, he led his troops down the Han River and occupied parts of southeastern Shaanxi and northwestern Hubei. Mengda and Shen Dan were stationed in Xicheng, Shang Yong and Fangling (now Xikang in Shaanxi, Fangxian in Hubei and Zhushan).
When Guan Yu attacked Xiangfan, he asked Liu Feng and Meng Da to send troops to help him. Liu Feng and Meng Da refused to accept Guan Yu's orders on the pretext that mountain counties had just joined the army and could not act at will to make them unstable. After Guan Yu failed to attack Wu Dong, Meng Da surrendered to Wei. Wei sent to attack Liu Feng. Meng Da advised Liu Feng to surrender, but Liu Feng wouldn't listen. Also surrendered to Wei. Liu Feng was defeated and fled to Chengdu.
It is normal for Liu Bei to blame Liu Feng for Guan Yu's failure. Zhuge Liang thought he was tough and difficult to control, so he advised Liu Bei to kill him on the pretext that it was too much.
Wei Yan led his own private armed forces (trilogy) to join Liu Bei Group. He was brave and good at fighting, and won the trust of Liu Bei. When Liu Bei claimed to be the Queen of Hanzhong, he was elected as the Governor of Hanzhong, probably the most important official stationed in one side except Guan Yu who stayed in Jingzhou.
Liu Bei asked Wei Yan at the banquet: "What is your wish for the important task of today?" Wei Yan said to him, "If Cao Cao comes from all corners of the country, please refuse it for your majesty;" I will send 100,000 people, please swallow it for the king. " Liu Bei feels very good.
Later, he was the pioneer of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, and once defeated Guo Huai (it should be the most important victory of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition). Wei Yan, who is "good at raising foot soldiers and going forward bravely", once put forward a plan to attack Chang 'an in Woods Valley. He was a rare expert with both wisdom and courage here during the Shu and Han Dynasties.
However, after Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang did not find his talent for this general, but was wary of him everywhere, and even handed over the power of the general to Wei Yan's sworn enemy. It is incomprehensible that people angered him in this way. Wei Yan's death is also regrettable, and his existence will certainly contribute to the development of Shu.
Masu is an insightful staff officer, but obviously lacks practical experience. But it happened that Kong Ming put him in a key position to attack Wei Jun. Once he failed, he would go further and have to kill him.
Li Yan has been guarding Bai Di City for a long time and is responsible for the defense of the east of the city. This is a useful gift. Just because a grain delivery was not timely, the words were whitewashed, and Kong Ming knocked him down with a stick and refused to hire him until he cried to death.
Extended data:
Zhuge Liang is not only flawed in character, but also fatal in strategy.
Zhuge Liang designed the strategy in Longzhong, but failed to grasp the key link to realize this strategy: returning Jingzhou to form an alliance between Wu and Shu. Zhuge Liang's idea of "developing the Han Dynasty" is absolutely true, and he also knows that it is impossible to achieve this goal only by managing Shu Han to accumulate strength and then instigating military attacks.
It is the only desirable strategic route to unite with Wu to attack Wei, but Zhuge Liang has always advocated strengthening the alliance between Wu and Shu, but failed to realize that the key link to consolidate the alliance between Wu and Shu is to handle Jingzhou well.
Zhuge Liang, the most wise celebrity in the Three Kingdoms, refused to return Jingzhou without weighing the importance and best use, and finally ruined the strategic intention that could have been achieved. Jingzhou has a great strategic weight, which is double for Shu Han.
Without Jingzhou, Wu and Shu became enemies and exchanged Jingzhou for a consolidated political and military alliance with Wu. The prospect of eliminating Wei Fuhan is bright, and victory is only a matter of time.
Zhuge Liang's greed for Jingzhou shows that his strategic thinking ability is actually average. Zhuge Liang, as the main maker of Shu's strategy, is really wrong and should take full responsibility. Not returning Jingzhou is two enemies; Abandoning Jingzhou is a powerful alliance, an enemy and a friend, and Guan Yu's return of 200,000 Beijing troops to Xichuan will also double Shu's military strength from a purely military point of view.
This account can't be forgiven if Zhuge Liang's wisdom is not clear. If he knew clearly, he would definitely adopt it because of his influence on Liu Bei and Liu Bei's character. Judging from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which is close to the official history, Liu Bei has the intention of returning to Jingzhou.
People's Network-the main reason for the real demise of Shu Han? Zhuge Liang is not good at employing people.
People's Daily Online-Mao Zedong's comment on Longzhong Dui: Where is Zhuge Liang's strategic mistake?