(1) Disability Care Grant (Level I and II) 500 yuan;
(2) On the basis of the minimum living guarantee, 600 yuan will be subsidized for the disabled in poor families;
(3) serious illness relief for the extremely poor disabled (between 4,000 and 5,000 yuan);
(4) Fuel subsidies for disabled motor tricycles.
2. Disability grades are divided into Grade I, Grade II, Grade III and Grade IV, which is also the basis for disabled people to enjoy the preferential policies and assistance provisions of the state and local governments and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.
3. Although there are many preferential policies for the disabled, each policy has a certain scope of use, and the beneficiaries are different, with differences in age, degree of disability and family economic status. Therefore, the disabled should respond to their preferential policies according to their own conditions and needs.
Extended data:
Welfare for the Disabled in China
(A) the contents of welfare for the disabled
Traditionally, the welfare of the disabled is all kinds of material help provided by the state and society to the disabled. In fact, today, this view is not comprehensive.
In addition to providing basic material assistance, the welfare of the disabled should also provide corresponding rights and interests protection in rehabilitation, medical care, education, employment, culture and entertainment according to the social, economic and cultural development, and strive to achieve the goal of "equality, participation and enjoyment" for the disabled.
1. Employment of the disabled
The state and society take necessary measures to ensure that disabled people enjoy equal employment opportunities in the labor market. The right of disabled people to participate in social labor and employment has been highly valued by governments all over the world. Many national laws stipulate that all units must employ disabled people in proportion, and at the same time implement preferential policies such as tax reduction and exemption. Take various forms to arrange employment for the disabled.
China's Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons stipulates that people's governments at all levels should make overall arrangements for the employment of disabled persons and create employment conditions for them. Employment of disabled persons should follow the principle of combining centralization and decentralization.
We will adopt preferential policies and support and protection measures to gradually popularize, stabilize and rationally arrange employment for disabled people through multiple channels, levels and forms. There are two main ways of employment for the disabled in China, namely social absorption and welfare enterprises.
2. Education for the disabled
The World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons states that Member States should ensure equal access to education for disabled persons. Including children with the most severe disabilities; It also allows flexibility in school age, teaching content and examination procedures. The United Nations Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities states that compulsory education should be provided to all categories and levels of boys and girls, including severely disabled children.
According to China's laws, the state guarantees the right of the disabled to receive education, and governments at all levels should regard the education of the disabled as an integral part of the national education cause, make unified planning and strengthen leadership. According to the characteristics of the disabled, two ways of education are adopted:
The first is the general education model. For the disabled who have the ability to receive general education.
The second is the way of special education. For disabled people who are unable to receive general education. In addition, education should be carried out according to the physical and mental characteristics and special needs of the disabled. The state establishes educational institutions for the disabled and encourages social forces to run schools and donate money for education. The state organizes and supports the research and application of Braille and sign language, the compilation and publication of special teaching materials, and the development, production and supply of special teaching tools and auxiliary supplies.
3. Rehabilitation of the disabled
The international community believes that as long as the knowledge and methods of rehabilitation are taught to the disabled, a considerable number of disabled people can be trained in their functions, self-care ability and labor skills in their families and communities. Rehabilitation usually includes the following services:
① Early detection of diseases;
② Diagnosis and treatment;
③ medical care;
(4) Social and psychological consultation and help;
⑤ Conduct self-care training;
⑥ Vocational skill training, vocational training, open recruitment and protective job placement;
⑦ Provide auxiliary devices, mobile tools and other equipment; (8) Specialized education services, etc. In the rehabilitation of the disabled, we should emphasize their ability and respect their personality and dignity. Rehabilitation should be carried out in the natural environment, supplemented by social rehabilitation services and specialized rehabilitation institutions.
China's Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons stipulates that the state and society shall take rehabilitation measures to help disabled people recover or compensate their functions and enhance their ability to participate in social life.
Rehabilitation technology should proceed from reality and combine modern rehabilitation technology with traditional rehabilitation technology in China. With rehabilitation institutions as the backbone, community rehabilitation as the foundation, families of the disabled as the support, and practical, easy and profitable rehabilitation content as the focus, research, development and application of new rehabilitation technologies will be carried out to provide effective rehabilitation services for the disabled.
4. Cultural life of persons with disabilities
The World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons proposes that Member States should ensure that disabled persons have the opportunity to fully develop their creative, artistic and social potential, not only for their own interests, but also for the interests of society.
To this end, we should ensure that they participate in cultural activities. When necessary, special assistance should be provided, such as hearing AIDS for the deaf and Braille printed books for the blind. In order to enliven the cultural life of the disabled, the International Paralympic Games, the Special Olympics, the World Deaf Games, the International Special Arts Festival and the International Intellectual Competition for the Disabled are held regularly.
The guiding principle of ensuring the cultural life of the disabled in China is that the cultural, sports and recreational activities of the disabled should be oriented to the grassroots, integrated into the mass cultural life, adapted to the different characteristics and needs of all kinds of disabled people, and widely participated by the disabled. The state and society have taken various measures to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled, mainly including:
(1) Reflect the life of the disabled and serve them through radio, movies, television and newspapers;
(2) Organizing and supporting the compilation and publication of Braille books, audio books for the blind and books for the mentally retarded, launching TV sign language programs, and adding subtitles and explanations to some film and television works;
(3) Organizing and supporting disabled people to carry out mass cultural, sports and recreational activities, holding special art performances and special sports meetings, and participating in major international competitions and exchanges;
(four) there are plans to set up places for the disabled to provide convenience and care for the disabled.
5. Hold a welfare home for mental patients.
The welfare home for mental patients is a welfare institution for receiving and treating mental patients in China. Organized by health, civil affairs and public security departments respectively, they undertake the rescue tasks of different groups of people. The task of the welfare homes for mental patients in the civil affairs and health departments is to adopt mental patients who are helpless, have no source of livelihood and cannot make their maintenance obligations, and at the same time adopt mental patients who cannot be taken care of by their own families.
Welfare homes for mental patients implement open management for mental patients, that is, they are not closed, tied or locked, and adopt labor therapy, entertainment therapy, drug therapy and psychotherapy, and combine these four methods.
6. Activities to help people with disabilities
Public service institutions shall provide care and preferential treatment for the disabled, including:
① Disabled people should be given certain care and convenience when taking domestic public transport, and even enjoy fee reduction or free service;
(2) blind people can read emails for free;
(3) Persons with disabilities who apply for opening retail stores or applying for housing and parking spaces in public places should retain their quotas and give priority to examination and approval;
(4) The government should give appropriate tax relief to the disabled or their dependents according to their degree of disability and family economic status.
7. Environmental protection
The Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities states that all countries should recognize the importance of barrier-free environment in the process of equalization of opportunities in all fields of society. For any category of persons with disabilities, countries should: take action programs to make the physical environment barrier-free; Take measures to achieve accessibility in providing information and communication.
At the beginning of the 20th century, a new architectural scheme-barrier-free design appeared in the field of architecture. It uses modern technology to improve the environment, provide convenient and safe space for the disabled, and create an environment of "equal participation". At present, many countries have adopted internationally accepted barrier-free design standards.
China's Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons stipulates that the state and society will gradually create a good environment and improve conditions for disabled people to participate in social life; Gradually implement the design specifications for urban roads and buildings that are convenient for the disabled and take barrier-free measures.
200 1 The Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the China Disabled Persons' Federation jointly issued the Code for Barrier-free Design of Urban Roads and Buildings, in which there are 24 mandatory provisions for ergonomic construction standards.
(B) the welfare of the disabled problems and solutions
At present, there are still many problems in the welfare of the disabled in China, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: the level of protection for the disabled is low, which lags behind economic and social development; The management of barrier-free facilities is lax;
Not paying enough attention to the disabled, and failing to punish the behavior that infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled; In order to help the disabled find jobs, the tax incentives given to welfare enterprises pay more attention to form than efficiency, which leads to some adverse effects.
In view of the existing problems in the welfare of the disabled in China, the following measures should be taken to solve them:
(1) Decentralized and proportional employment arrangements for the disabled are enforced according to law;
(2) Code for mandatory barrier-free design of urban main roads and large public buildings;
(3) Providing special services for the disabled. For example, opening a disabled store;
(4) increase the protection of dismissal and give the disabled special rest rights;
⑤ Research, develop and produce products suitable for the disabled;
⑥ Pay special attention to disabled people in rural areas;
⑦ Formulate detailed rules for the implementation of the Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Disabled Persons;
(8) Pay more attention to the rehabilitation of the disabled. We should vigorously popularize rehabilitation knowledge to the disabled, teach training methods, provide economical and applicable auxiliary tools, and guide and help the disabled to carry out self-training at home and in the community.