20 18 Intermediate Social Work Practice Simulation Volume and Answers (3)
[short answer questions]
Case:
Xiaojin, male, 7 years old. Xiaojin was lost near his home when he was 3 years old, and was trafficked to remote rural areas by traffickers. Xiaojin's parents have never given up the hope of looking for Xiaojin. For several years, they have been running around the country looking for Xiaojin. With the efforts of all parties, they finally found Xiaojin after four years of separation and took him back to his home in the city from the rural family that adopted him. After returning to the city, Xiaojin appeared various maladjustments to the living environment of the city, and was emotionally alienated from his biological parents. He can't say a word about his parents, he basically doesn't talk to his parents on weekdays, and even rejects his current family. He always wanted to go back to his adoptive family. Xiaojin's parents tried their best to bridge the emotional gap with Xiaojin. They took care of him in every way in life, took him to the playground on weekends and told him interesting things that happened before he was 3 years old. Although they have been trying to get back together with Xiaojin, they have had little effect. Afraid of losing Xiaojin again, Xiaojin's parents insist on sending him to school every day, and Xiaojin is hardly allowed to play alone with other children in the community. In order to better accompany Xiaojin and make up for the missed growth time, his mother even quit her job and took care of him at home. However, Xiaojin has been unhappy since he returned to the city. He is always silent, unwilling to associate with people, always distrustful of strangers and extremely insecure.
Question:
1. Analyze Xiaojin's current demand from the above cases.
2. Analyze Xiaojin's personal and environmental resources from the above cases.
3. In view of Xiaojin's current situation, what intervention strategies should social workers adopt?
Reference analysis: 1. Analysis of the above cases, Xiaojin's current needs mainly include the following aspects:
(1) the needs of development. Children's development needs, also known as children's growth needs, refer to the care, education and guidance that children need for their physical and mental development. In this case, Xiaojin lost at the age of 3 and was trafficked to the countryside. Since she was a child, she lacked the love of her biological parents, a good family life and proper discipline, which made it difficult for her to establish a good parent-child relationship with her parents after returning to her original family.
(2) the need for protection. The need for children to be protected is also called the need for children to be protected from harm, which means that children need to be protected physically and mentally in the process of growing up from anyone. In the case, Xiaojin lost at the age of 3, was trafficked by traffickers, and suffered great physical and mental injuries, resulting in complete distrust of strangers, extreme insecurity and unwillingness to associate with others.
(3) the needs of the game. Children's demand for games is determined by their nature. Children get physical growth through games, learn to get along with others through games, and gradually know and understand society. Xiaojin in the case is accompanied by his parents all day and can hardly play with his children alone.
(4) the need of socialization. The socialization of children is a process in which children gradually understand society and master survival skills, and it is the first step in the process of human socialization. This process is inseparable from the interaction and mutual influence of social groups, collectives and individuals, as well as from the initiative of individuals to master social experience and social relations system. In this case, Xiaojin can hardly play alone with his children, and he basically doesn't talk to his parents on weekdays, and he is always silent, which hinders the development of Xiaojin's social needs.
2. Analyze Xiaojin's personal and environmental resources from the above cases:
(1) Xiaojin's personal resources: He is in good health, has richer life experience than children of the same age, and has experienced different lives in different families, cities and villages.
(2) Xiaojin's environmental resources: First of all, her biological parents love Xiaojin deeply, especially in order to make up for the missed growth time, her mother even quit her job and took care of Xiaojin at home full-time; Secondly, if the resources of rural adoptive families are handled well, Xiaojin can be loved by both families at the same time; Classmates are Xiao Jin's partners, and teachers are also powerful support resources.
3. In view of Xiaojin's present situation, the intervention strategies that social workers should adopt mainly include:
(1) Direct intervention on Xiaojin: Psychological counseling through games can adjust Xiaojin's psychological state, reduce Xiaojin's sense of rejection of family background and inadaptability to the city, enhance Xiaojin's self-identity and self-confidence, enhance Xiaojin's trust in people and enhance his sense of security.
(2) Direct intervention with Xiaojin's parents: adjust Xiaojin's parents' cognition, make them realize that Xiaojin can't be treated too hastily, give Xiaojin more time to adapt to the new environment, slowly cultivate emotional foundation, and let Xiaojin do it independently. Some things, let him play with his children alone, enhance Xiaojin's self-confidence and adaptability; Teach Xiaojin's parents the methods of parent-child communication, such as how to establish a trust relationship with Xiaojin in the game and promote parent-child communication.
(3) Get in touch with the teachers of Xiaojin School, and ask the teachers to give Xiaojin more support and encouragement at school to help Xiaojin integrate into school life as soon as possible.
(4) If possible, set up a group composed of children with similar maladjustment problems for group counseling.
(5) If possible, establish contact with adoptive families and get the support of adoptive parents. Rural adoptive families can be used as the experience base for Xiaojin's growth, and it can also cultivate Xiaojin's gratitude sentiment.
Case:
Social workers found in the community survey that some low-income families in the community were poor due to illness, and the burden of family care was heavy; Although some have strong employment motivation, they can't find a job because they have no skills; Others develop the idea of welfare dependence and lack employment motivation; Some people are too ambitious to find a job smoothly.
At the same time, social workers also found that there are a lot of resources in the community. For example, the community is located in the central city, and there are many enterprises and social organizations in the community. Social welfare centers often carry out service activities such as policy consultation, employment training and psychological consultation. Usually, residents have a harmonious relationship, and neighbors will take care of each other and communicate all kinds of information. Accordingly, social workers plan to integrate community resources to provide services for low-income families.
Question:
1. What are the formal and informal community resources in this community?
2. How should social workers integrate community resources in order to provide effective services to low-income families?
Reference analysis: 1. Formal community resources include: social workers, enterprises and social organizations in the community, social welfare centers and so on.
Informal community resources are: neighborhood and family.
2. Social workers should actively seek employment information for vulnerable groups in the community, coordinate employment resources, strive for training opportunities, actively recommend them to social employers, and safeguard the employment rights and interests of vulnerable groups. Social workers should help recipients understand the current situation of market labor force and employment situation, avoid their inappropriate employment expectations, encourage them to actively accept new posts and bravely face new challenges. At the same time, in view of the fact that the working skills and knowledge level of the poor people are low, social workers should strive to develop public welfare posts such as cleaning, security, greening, housekeeping and daily maintenance in the community with the help of the local labor and employment management department to promote community employment. This is not only conducive to the development of community service, but also can increase the income of vulnerable groups and enhance their self-confidence. Details are as follows (you can play by yourself):
(1) For low-income families who are poor due to illness and have a heavy burden of family care, organize volunteer teams to provide one-on-one assistance to help alleviate the pressure brought by family care; In line with the policy, give appropriate subsidies to low-income families to reduce their burden; Relying on community welfare centers and community clinics, we will provide medical care, nursing and psychological counseling to low-income families to help them tide over their immediate difficulties.
(2) In view of the fact that the family members of the subsistence allowances have strong employment motivation, but they can't find a job because of lack of skills, they should be trained in employment by relying on social welfare centers to improve their employment competitiveness; Encourage more exchanges between neighbors, encourage them to participate in job fairs in the job market, understand the employment situation in the job market, have a clear aim, and improve the success rate of job hunting. Social workers can actively carry out employment introduction services to help them communicate with enterprises in the community, make two-way choices and achieve employment.
(3) In view of the fact that some low-income households have welfare dependence and lack of employment motivation, we can guide some social workers by establishing a correct concept of choosing a job. Low-income policy is not a policy of raising lazy people. Only by being down-to-earth and self-reliant can we create our own happy life. On this basis, through the help of family and neighbors, strengthen communication, understand the new trend of employment, encourage them to actively participate in employment training and guidance of social welfare institutions, improve their employment competitiveness, and strive to find a job that suits them.
5 [Short answer questions]
Case:
Social worker Ahua found in the community demand survey that some elderly people in the community do not participate in social interaction, except going out to buy food and shopping, and stay at home almost all day. Some of these old people live alone, and jen occasionally greets them warmly, but they just barely nod. Hua was worried when he saw it. He thought: if this goes on, the vitality of the elderly will be lower and lower, and the process of degeneration and aging will be accelerated. Don't! I have to do something for them.
Question: According to the situation of the elderly in the community described in the case, design an appropriate service plan according to the social work methods of the elderly.
Reference analysis: 1. Problem and demand analysis
According to the description in the case, the main problem of the elderly in the community is that they are locked in the house and do not participate in social interaction. People are social animals, and they live in groups. Interpersonal communication is the main behavior of human beings. Especially for the elderly, long-term lack of social contact will damage their communicative competence, become indifferent and lifeless, and strengthen their tendency to retreat. Therefore, the enthusiasm of the elderly in the community needs to be stimulated and awakened.
2. Determine the service goals and objectives
The purpose of the service is to stimulate the enthusiasm of the elderly and maintain and improve their vitality. Specific objectives include: mobilizing the elderly to go out of their homes to participate in community activities; Establish interpersonal communication and social support network; Cultivate interest in participating in activities and feel cooperation and fun from it; Tap the spirit of volunteerism, give full play to the waste heat, and make contributions to community building.
3. Choice of intervention strategy: Organize and implement "motivation stimulation group"
The purpose of the incentive group is to motivate those who are no longer interested in the present and the future. Group activities are used to help the elderly re-establish contact with others and get rid of the situation that they always think they are full of themselves and their troubles.
The motivational group is generally composed of 10- 15 elderly people. The members have no dementia or depression, have certain listening and language skills, and can actively participate in group activities. Group activities * * * have 6- 12 sections, and it is best to hold them once a week. The "incentive group" usually selects people who know each other or have similar interests as members, which will reduce the hesitation of some elderly people to join the group. Social workers need to know every elderly person very well, be able to carry out inspiring group activities, and then use their knowledge of the elderly to stimulate everyone's interest.
The working steps are as follows:
(1) Make home visits, get in touch with the "home-staying" elderly people, establish a trust relationship through greetings, sympathy, care and instant service, understand the needs, and mobilize the elderly who are interested in gardening to participate in the "Gardening-Motivation Stimulation Group".
(2) Design the group plan, and plan six activities, each lasting one and a half hours, once every half month. The contents of the six activities include:
The first activity: learn the knowledge of horticultural planting, invite experts from the Academy of Agricultural Sciences to teach planting techniques by means of photo display, video display and explanation, and then organize the elderly to visit the agricultural technology base, buy vegetable seeds or seedlings and plant them at home.
The second activity: sharing planting experience, including showing your own planting achievements, sharing experiences, asking questions, answering questions and adjusting techniques.
The third activity: share planting experience, form a team, select a team leader and create a team culture.
The fourth activity: share the fruits, have a group dinner and enjoy the fruits of labor.
The fifth activity: visit the agricultural technology base, discuss experiences with researchers and establish contacts.
The sixth activity: summarize and review the course, develop other interests (as the theme of future activities), train the team leader, and the staff will quit the group.