Because the earth is constantly moving, it gradually accumulates huge energy, which causes the rock strata in some fragile areas of the earth's crust to suddenly rupture or dislocation. This is an earthquake.
2. What are the precursors of the earthquake?
Earthquake precursors refer to abnormal phenomena before the earthquake, such as seismic activity, obvious changes in the surface, geophysical anomalies such as geomagnetism, geoelectricity and gravity, groundwater level, hydrochemistry and abnormal animal behavior.
3. Related knowledge:
China divides the earthquake intensity into 12 degrees. 3 degrees, a few people can feel it. 4-5 degrees, the sleeping person wakes up and the chandelier swings. At 6 degrees, the utensils were dumped and the house was slightly damaged. 7-8 degrees, house damage, ground cracks.
9- 10 degrees, bridges and dams were damaged, houses collapsed and the ground was seriously damaged. 11-12 degrees, devastating.
4. Emergency action when there is a sense of earthquake.
A felt earthquake refers to an earthquake with low earthquake level, obvious earthquake sensation and no damage or major damage.
Emergency key points-after the earthquake, indoor personnel should quickly take refuge separately according to the pre-selected safer indoor shock absorption points without knowing the instantaneous intensity of the earthquake.
Evacuate to the outside quickly after the earthquake, pay attention to the relevant news broadcast by TV stations and radio stations, and make preparations for earthquake prevention.
Understand the earthquake situation, do not listen to and spread rumors, and ensure social stability.
Destructive earthquake refers to an earthquake with a large earthquake level, causing certain casualties and building damage or causing heavy casualties and building damage.
When residents living in bungalows encounter a major earthquake, if they are outdoors, they should quickly run outdoors to avoid high-rise buildings and overpasses and stay away from high-voltage lines, chemical and gas plants or facilities; When you don't have time to run, you can hide under the table, under the bed, next to solid furniture, and cover your nose and mouth with towels or clothes to prevent dust and smoke.
Residents living in buildings should choose small spaces such as kitchens and bathrooms for shock absorption; You can also hide in interior walls, corners, solid furniture and other places where triangular space is easy to form; Stay away from external walls, doors and windows, balconies; Don't use the elevator, let alone jump off a building.
Turn off the power and fire source as soon as possible.
When attending classes in the classroom, working in the workplace, or working in public places, you should quickly wrap your head and close your eyes, and hide under the podium, desk, workbench and office furniture.
When doing outdoor activities, you should try to avoid foothills and steep cliffs to prevent rolling stones and landslides; In case of landslide, run away in the direction of rolling stones.
When playing at the seaside, stay away from the sea quickly to prevent the earthquake from causing a tsunami.
When driving, you should quickly avoid overpasses, cliffs, telephone poles, etc. And choose an open place as soon as possible to stop immediately.
When the body is injured by an earthquake, try to remove the objects pressed on it, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel as much as possible to prevent dust and smoke; Knock objects with stones or iron to contact the outside world, don't shout for help, and pay attention to saving physical strength; Try to support the unstable heavy objects with bricks and stones to protect your living space.
Don't panic in an earthquake.
Most of the earthquakes we feel are strong and strong, and a few earthquakes can cause minor damage or serious damage. Therefore, when encountering an earthquake, don't panic, be calm and take correct actions quickly. Especially in high-rise buildings and crowded places, it is most realistic to avoid on the spot. There was an earthquake in our country, which did not cause any loss, but panicked people crowded together and trampled on each other, causing serious injuries and even death.
Don't jump off a building
Care for each other
Don't crowd in crowded places.
Students should obey orders.