I. On the Restoration and Reconstruction of Urban and Rural Housing
After the "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake, 3.476 million rural houses in our province were damaged, of which 6,543.8+0.263 million needed reconstruction and 2,265,438+0.3 million needed maintenance and reinforcement. Urban housing is to be rebuilt 3010.4 million sets, and to be repaired and reinforced10.4 million sets. Party committees and governments at all levels in the disaster-stricken areas regard the restoration and reconstruction of damaged houses of urban and rural residents as the primary task of post-disaster reconstruction, earnestly implement subsidy policies, actively coordinate housing loans, earnestly strengthen technical guidance, strengthen building materials and materials security and quality and price supervision, ensure that the rural housing reconstruction task is basically completed by the end of September this year, and the urban housing reconstruction task is fully completed by May next year. As of May 4th, the province has rebuilt permanent farmhouses10.248 million, accounting for 98.8% of the reconstruction tasks, of which 2410.08 million are under construction and 0/0.08 million have been completed. By the end of 2008, the maintenance and reinforcement of rural houses were basically completed. There are 710.9 million sets of urban housing maintenance and reinforcement in the province, accounting for 50.7% of the total; 654.38+038,000 permanent housing units were newly started in cities and towns, accounting for 43.9% of the total, of which 654.38+005,000 units were under construction and nearly 33,000 units were completed.
Second, about the restoration and reconstruction of schools and hospitals.
The reconstruction of public service facilities with schools and hospitals as the main content is an important task of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. There are 3,340 schools in 39 severely affected counties (cities, districts) in the province included in the national plan, of which 2,455 schools have been partially rebuilt or repaired. The provincial party committee and government have proposed that by the end of this year, more than 95% of the students can study in permanent school buildings, and when the school starts next spring, all the students in the disaster areas will bid farewell to the board houses. In the recovery and reconstruction work, Party committees and governments at all levels in the disaster-stricken areas give priority to arranging funds for school reconstruction, giving priority to approving school reconstruction projects, giving priority to providing material support, and promoting recovery and reconstruction with high quality and efficiency. As of May 4th, 2448 schools have been built in 39 disaster-stricken counties (cities, districts) listed in the national plan, accounting for 73.3% of the number to be restored and rebuilt, including 2 162 schools under construction and 286 schools have been built.
There are 1738 medical and health institutions in 39 severely affected counties (cities, districts) included in the national plan. In order to ensure that 99% of the basic public service facilities such as medical and health facilities in the disaster-stricken areas are completed within two years, the party committees and governments at all levels in the disaster-stricken areas strive to raise funds, reverse the construction period, strictly control the quality, and strive to build each project into a high-quality project. As of May 4th, 800 medical and health institutions have started construction, accounting for 46. 1% of the number to be restored and rebuilt, including 60 1 under construction and 0/99 completed.
Three, about helping to solve the difficulties of farmers' housing reconstruction.
In the restoration and reconstruction of rural permanent housing, party committees and governments at all levels attach great importance to the reconstruction funds of the needy people. The provincial party committee and government have issued a series of policies and measures to help the rural poor rebuild their houses by means of financial subsidies and financial support. The first is financial subsidies. Governments at all levels give rural poor farmers a subsidy of 22,000 yuan for housing reconstruction (including 22,000 yuan for farmers to build their own transitional resettlement houses). The second is to make overall arrangements. The "three orphans" caused by the disaster and the scattered "five guarantees" without housing are included in the reconstruction plan of welfare homes and nursing homes, and subsidies are given at a rate of 25,000 yuan per bed; Give financial subsidies to the absolute poor households and low-income households who have set up their cards, and arrange "special party fees" to help rural low-income households carry out rural housing renovation; At the same time, some places have taken special measures to help the needy people according to local conditions. The third is to set up a security fund. In view of the problem that some poor people have difficulty in obtaining loans and have a large housing fund gap, the provincial party committee, the provincial government and the relevant municipal (state) party committees and governments have formulated the Measures for Loan Guarantee Fund of Rural Housing Reconstruction Bank, and established a rural housing reconstruction guarantee fund for poor people to help solve the loan problem. The fourth is to carry out "one-on-one" assistance. Party committees, government organizations, town and village cadres at all levels in the disaster-stricken areas actively carried out assistance activities to help the masses solve various difficulties in the reconstruction of rural houses.
Four, about the resettlement of landless farmers in different places due to earthquake disasters.
The "512" Wenchuan earthquake caused farmers in some disaster areas in our province to lose their homestead 12307 mu, involving more than 45,000 farmers,159,000 people. 654.38+0.76 million mu of cultivated land was damaged and lost, of which 56,000 mu of cultivated land was about 6,543.8+0,2000 households, and 4,654.38+0,000 people were all lost. In order to effectively and orderly help farmers who have lost their land in different places due to disasters, the provincial party committee and government have determined the principle of "local resettlement, nearby resettlement and decentralized resettlement", and defined the secondary resettlement methods such as local resettlement, inter-county (city, district) resettlement within the city and inter-city (state) resettlement within the province. As of May 4th, the province has adjusted the homestead10.2 million mu and cultivated land of 23,000 mu, and 99.7% of households need to be resettled in the city (state); In accordance with the principle of farmers' voluntary application, government assistance and overall arrangement, cross-city (state) off-site assistance and resettlement will be implemented. The first batch of 80 farmers who lost their land due to the disaster in Qingchuan County have moved to Qionglai Nanbaoshan Farm, and the second batch of 68 households in Qingchuan County and 45 households in Wenchuan County will move to Qionglai Nanbaoshan Farm before May 12 this year.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) promotes the employment of urban and rural residents in disaster areas
The "512" Wenchuan earthquake * * * caused 1.52 million urban and rural workers in our province to lose their jobs and land. Party committees and governments at all levels have given priority to solving the problem of mass employment, and have successively issued a series of policies and measures to solve the problem of mass employment in disaster areas, striving to expand the scope of employment assistance, increase public welfare posts, delay the payment of social insurance premiums, reduce unemployment insurance rates, conduct unemployment pre-registration, distribute unemployment insurance benefits, and remit medical insurance premiums; Actively do a good job in employment services, organize special activities for public employment services, register households at resettlement sites, set up workstations, set up employment assistance caravans, and provide policy advice, job information and employment training for people in disaster areas; Strengthen coordination with recipient provinces (cities), actively build a docking platform for targeted recruitment and labor export, and send jobs to people in disaster areas. At present, the province has helped 6.5438+0.296 million people affected by the disaster to find jobs, including 6.5438+0.93 million people who have been placed in public welfare posts and organized labor export of 256,000 people; The social insurance premium was deferred for more than 3,000 affected enterprises 1 1 billion yuan, the unemployment insurance premium rate was reduced for more than 1600 enterprises, and the unemployment insurance premium was pre-registered for more than 1000 enterprises and1070,000 employees.
Six, about the resettlement of "three orphans" in the disaster area.
The "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake added orphans 1449, including 635 orphans, 630 orphans and 84 orphans/kloc-0. Party committees and governments at all levels in the disaster areas attach great importance to the resettlement of the "three orphans" and have taken a series of measures to properly resettle the "three orphans". The first is centralized resettlement. Civil affairs departments at all levels will properly resettle the "three orphans" to social welfare institutions nearby. If there are difficulties in local resettlement, they will be arranged to social welfare institutions in cities and counties with less disasters and no disasters through coordination. At present, 267 "three orphans" have been placed in state-run social welfare homes, children's welfare homes and rural nursing homes. The second is decentralized resettlement. Orphans are raised by means of relative guardianship, family adoption, family foster care, centralized support, school boarding and social support. , take the combination of temporary resettlement and long-term resettlement, centralized support and decentralized support, and properly resettle the old and disabled. At present, 1 182 students have been placed. The third is to ensure basic living. After the earthquake, the government gave the "three orphans" 600 yuan temporary living assistance every month; After the end of the temporary living assistance, the "three orphans" in the hardest-hit counties (cities, districts) will continue to be given monthly follow-up living assistance in 400 yuan; After the expiration of the follow-up assistance policy, the "three orphans" personnel will be included in the rural "five guarantees", urban subsistence allowances or centralized support policies.
Seven, about the announcement of the list of earthquake victims.
During the "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake rescue phase, according to the statistics of earthquake relief headquarters at all levels, 687 12 compatriots were killed and 1792 1 compatriots were missing in our province. Verifying and publishing the list of victims is a concrete manifestation of the government's responsibility to history, the people and the victims. The provincial party committee and the provincial government attached great importance to this work, determined the principles of seeking truth from facts, handling affairs according to law, classifying and handling, verified and announced a batch of methods, and formulated a work plan standardized according to law. Announce the list of victims, and the interested party or the unit to which it belongs shall report to the township (town) government or subdistrict office, and provide relevant materials such as death certificate, cremation notice or death verdict, and the township (town) government or subdistrict office shall report to the county (city, district) government for examination and approval before posting; When the list of missing persons is published, the interested party or the unit to which it belongs shall report to the township (town) government or the subdistrict office, and provide a written judgment declaring missing, which shall be published by the township (town) government or the subdistrict office after being audited by the county (city, district) government. The "512" Wenchuan earthquake * * * caused 98 counties (cities, districts) in the province18/kloc-0 to have people killed or missing. At present, more than 80% of counties (cities, districts) have completed the publication work.
"512" Wenchuan earthquake is the most destructive, widespread and difficult earthquake to rescue since the founding of New China. The publication of the list of missing persons involves a wide range, the situation is complex and the policy is strong, so it must be carried out according to the law and regulations. At present, the verification and publication work faces some difficulties and problems, such as the difficulty in verifying the identity of floating population among missing persons; Some remains were unrecognizable when they were found; In case of emergency, in order to prevent the epidemic, some bodies were buried centrally or in situ, leaving no identity information; Some stakeholders of missing persons are unable or unwilling to declare the published list for various reasons; It takes a long time for an interested party to apply to the grass-roots court for declaration of death or disappearance, and to perform relevant legal procedures. Governments at all levels in the disaster areas will continue to act in strict accordance with the law in a highly responsible spirit, and do a good job in publishing the list of missing persons killed in the "512" Wenchuan earthquake and verifying the final number of victims.
Eight, about the family relief of students in distress and disabled students.
In the rescue work of students killed in the "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake, party committees, governments and all walks of life at all levels gave special care and help to the families of the students who died, and organized their efforts to rescue the injured students. From the policy level, solve the problem of family fertility and reemployment of dead students; Incorporate the parents of the victims into the coverage of basic old-age insurance; Give special help to the families of the students who died. The Youth Foundation, the Education Foundation and the Children's and Teenagers' Foundation raised funds from the society and distributed one-time relief funds to the families of the students who died. At present, there are more than 5,300 students who have been verified but not declared dead in the province. The families of these dead and missing students have received solatium and social welfare from the government.
Among the students injured in the "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake, more than 500 students have been assessed as disabled and have certificates. For the disabled students and their parents due to the disaster, the provincial government issued a rescue opinion, and took measures such as civil assistance, employment assistance, family planning assistance, education aid, medical rehabilitation, disability and psychological assistance to help. Meet the conditions of urban and rural subsistence allowances, respectively, into urban and rural subsistence allowances, classified insurance; In line with the local medical assistance policy, the implementation of medical assistance will be increased by 20% on the basis of local medical assistance standards; To meet the minimum living conditions, to participate in the basic medical insurance for urban residents and the new rural cooperative medical care for individuals, urban and rural medical assistance funds to help solve. For disabled students who meet the requirements of long-term social assistance, the government will be responsible to the end to ensure their life and medical assistance.
Nine. The receipt, use and supervision of donated funds
Up to now, our province has received donations of 654.38+05.75 billion yuan from all walks of life. Of all the donated funds, the provincial level received 965,438+300 million yuan from all walks of life, including 4.08 billion yuan from the provincial government, including 897 million yuan from targeted donations; The Provincial Charity Federation received 3.55 billion yuan, including 3.38 billion yuan in targeted donations; The Provincial Red Cross Society received 870 million yuan, including 690 million yuan in targeted donations; Provincial Education Foundation, Provincial Youth Development Foundation, Provincial Glory Promotion Association, Provincial Overseas Friendship Association and other "public fundraising foundations" and religious organizations received funds of 630 million yuan. The cities (prefectures) and counties (cities, districts) in the disaster areas have received a total of 6.62 billion yuan in donated funds, including 3,465.438 billion yuan in targeted donations. The provincial party committee and government have determined the principles of "reflecting will, following planning, strengthening guidance and highlighting key points", and made provisions on the use of donated funds. For donations with clear intentions, priority will be given to recognized and claimed projects according to the donor's intentions; Non-directional donation funds are all included in the post-disaster reconstruction funds of provinces, cities and counties, and are arranged as a whole for restoration and reconstruction projects.
In the supervision of the use of provincial donated funds, the provincial party Committee and the provincial government require the implementation of "four strictness" to ensure earmarking: First, strict payment of funds. It is clear that the Provincial Department of Finance, the Provincial Charity Federation and the Provincial Red Cross Society are the specific departments for the management of donated funds, and special personnel management and special account accounting are implemented for donated funds. The second is to strictly use approval. In order to ensure the intensive and economical use of donated funds, the receiving unit must put forward the project plan and make overall arrangements after approval by the provincial government. The third is strict supervision and inspection. Integrate supervision and inspection forces, establish a supervision and inspection cooperation mechanism, strengthen supervision and inspection of the receipt, distribution, use and management of donated funds, ensure that donated funds fully reflect the wishes of donors and standardize their use, and improve the efficiency of use. The fourth is to strictly publicize the announcement. The receipt and use of donated funds in Sichuan Province shall be published and publicized on the website of Sichuan Provincial People's Government (www.sc.gov.cn) in a timely manner. The usage of donations received by the Provincial Red Cross Society can be found on the website of the Red Cross Society (www.scredcross.cn), and the usage of donations received by the Provincial Charity Federation can be found on the website (www.sc-cf.cn). Up to now, the province has arranged to use donated funds totaling 654.38+0.022 billion yuan.
X. Supervision of reconstruction funds in disaster areas
In terms of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, the central government will allocate 220.3 billion yuan of reconstruction funds to our province, and governments at all levels in the province plan to arrange 4 12 billion yuan of reconstruction funds (including 27 billion yuan from the provincial finance) for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction in the province. The provincial party committee and government strictly follow the principles of overall arrangement, highlighting key points, classified guidance and lump-sum use, and allocate reconstruction funds according to the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction plan approved by the state and the province. And from the release of project funds, the whole process of synchronous supervision, synchronous inspection, synchronous audit, synchronous supervision, to ensure that the people have a clear account. The first is to strengthen organizational leadership. The provincial government set up a coordination group for the balance of funds for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and a leading group for the supervision of reconstruction funds to coordinate and balance the arrangement of funds for recovery and reconstruction in the province and organize and lead the supervision of reconstruction funds. The second is to strengthen budget management. Prepare the budget for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction funds in accordance with the prescribed expenditure subjects, the use of funds and specific planning projects, and report to the people's congress at the same level and its Standing Committee. The third is to strengthen the management of special accounts. The financial departments of disaster-stricken counties (cities, districts) shall implement special account management and special account accounting for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction funds to realize closed operation of funds. The fourth is to strengthen special supervision. Discipline inspection, supervision, auditing and finance at all levels work closely together to form a joint force of supervision, strengthen supervision and audit on the collection, distribution, use and performance of reconstruction funds, and implement follow-up inspection throughout the process. Fifth, strengthen information disclosure, timely and comprehensively disclose the use of funds management through public information publishing platforms such as government portals, and actively accept social supervision. The sixth is to strengthen the rapid investigation. Resolutely and decisively punish violations of discipline and law. At present, the management and use of funds for recovery and reconstruction in disaster areas are in good condition, and the funds and materials are basically earmarked, open and transparent, standardized and orderly, and no major problems have been found.
In order to protect and build the memorial system of "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake site, we should give full play to the functions of witness display, memorial and condolence, training and exercise, and popular science education. The provincial party committee and government are planning to build Sichuan in accordance with the Master Plan for Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction and the principles of local protection, highlighting key points, differential treatment, public participation and natural harmony. The memorial system consists of four earthquake sites, namely Beichuan Old County, Yingxiu Town, Mianzhu Dongqi Hanwang Factory and Dujiangyan Hongkou Shenxigou. Among them, it is planned to build Beichuan old county into the world's first catastrophe site protection area with the most complete preserved original appearance of earthquake sites; Focus on planning and protecting the typical collapsed and inclined buildings in Yingxiu Town, the highway along the river, Baihua Bridge, Yuzixi victims' cemetery, Niumiangou and other earthquake relics, forming a memorial site for the epicenter; Planning and protecting Dongqi Hanwang factory area, highlighting the "Dong Qi spirit"; Protect and develop the remains of Shenxigou earthquake, and display the rare large-scale surface earthquake fault zone and earthquake fault. Make a comprehensive evaluation of earthquake sites and relics, delimit the scope of protection of earthquake sites and relics with typical, representative, scientific value and commemorative significance, formulate protection plans, clarify protection units and measures, and make appropriate development and utilization.
The provincial party committee and the provincial government explicitly require that, in the spirit of on-demand and economy, all localities should not repeat the construction of all projects that are not included in the "5. 12" earthquake site protection and earthquake museum planning and construction plan, and projects involving earthquake site museums and memorial sites that really need protection and construction should be reported to the Provincial Construction Committee for approval.
Fifteen, on the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation mechanism.
Conscientiously implement the People's Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law and the People's Republic of China (PRC) Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction Law. The provincial party committee and the provincial government have issued decisions on strengthening and improving emergency management, perfecting system and mechanism, strengthening emergency plans, doing a good job in source prevention and consolidating grassroots foundation. First, accelerate the implementation of the "Eleventh Five-Year" emergency system construction plan. Effectively link the implementation of emergency system construction planning with economic and social development, urban and rural construction, recovery and reconstruction planning, and make overall consideration of infrastructure construction necessary to deal with emergencies. The second is to speed up the construction of emergency command centers of provincial, city and county governments. The government at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the unified planning and requirements, plan and build an emergency command center with the functions of monitoring, forecasting and early warning, information reporting, comprehensive judgment, auxiliary decision-making, dispatching and command, summary and evaluation, improve the functions of relevant professional emergency platforms, and implement unified and standardized technical standards. The third is to strengthen the construction of professional emergency rescue teams. Gradually establish an emergency rescue system with professional emergency rescue teams such as public security fire control and reserve forces as the backbone, full-time and part-time rescue teams of enterprises as the supplement, and social volunteers as the participants. The fourth is to strengthen the grassroots work of emergency management. Focus on communities, villages, schools, enterprises and other grassroots units, and give full play to the role of grassroots organizations in emergency management. The fifth is to strengthen the management of emergency material reserves. On the basis of general survey and effective integration of all kinds of existing emergency resources, the materials, equipment, communication equipment, daily necessities and other materials needed for emergency disposal and emergency evacuation, as well as the reserves of transportation capacity, communication capacity, production capacity and related technologies and information, shall be planned as a whole.
XI。 Mental health service in disaster areas
The "512" Wenchuan earthquake caused serious psychological trauma to the cadres and masses in the disaster area. In order to help the cadres and masses in the disaster areas get out of the psychological shadow as soon as possible, party committees and governments at all levels attach great importance to psychological services and psychological intervention. The first is to give play to the leading role of the party Committee and government. The provincial party committee, the provincial government, the party committees and governments of cities and counties in the hardest hit areas have set up leading groups for psychological services in disaster areas to strengthen overall leadership over this work. The second is to fully integrate resources. Party committees and governments at all levels in the disaster areas co-ordinate Party committees, governments, mass organizations, international and domestic experts and various social forces, set up professional and amateur psychological roving service teams, and extensively carry out psychotherapy and psychological services in the disaster areas. The province has established a five-level mental health service network and a provincial mental health service center, set up a psychological service hotline, conducted online psychological consultation, organized literary and art groups to perform in disaster areas, and carried out various forms of psychological comfort activities. The third is to strengthen psychological services for key groups. Provide psychological services for "three orphans", disabled people, disabled people with deceased relatives, teachers and students at school and other special personnel. Schools with teachers and students killed in disaster areas are required to be equipped with psychological service teachers, larger resettlement sites for affected people are equipped with psychological service personnel, and county and township hospitals are equipped with psychological service personnel. Party committees and governments at all levels in disaster-stricken areas also attach great importance to psychological services in critical periods and critical periods. The fourth is to fully implement measures to care for grassroots cadres. In view of the fact that grassroots cadres have heavy tasks and great ideological pressure, experts are organized to hold lectures on psychological intervention knowledge, grassroots cadres are arranged to go out for study and inspection, and a compulsory vacation system is implemented to help solve practical difficulties and relieve psychological pressure. At present, the main problem is the lack of psychological service professionals and manpower. Governments at all levels are further coordinating resources from all sides to strengthen and improve mental health services in disaster areas.
Twelve, about the post-treatment and rehabilitation of people disabled by disasters.
Since the earthquake, the province has treated 4.45 million patients, with a total of 143367 hospitalized patients, including 9177 injured patients and 10065438 injured patients sent to other provinces for treatment. According to preliminary statistics, more than 7,000 people were disabled due to the disaster. In order to minimize the mortality and disability rate, in accordance with the principle of "concentrating the wounded, experts, resources and treatment", governments at all levels set up expert consultation groups and joint expert groups to organize timely efforts to treat the wounded and sick. At present, most of the wounded and sick have been cured and discharged. In order to do a good job in the medical rehabilitation of earthquake victims, our province will establish a four-level medical rehabilitation network consisting of three provincial rehabilitation centers, six rehabilitation sub-centers in severely affected cities (states) and county and township (community) medical institutions, and is now stepping up construction. At the same time, strengthen the rehabilitation skills training of medical staff in disaster areas, organize counterpart support from professionals in non-disaster areas, invite rehabilitation experts from inside and outside the province to come to Sichuan to guide and help, and comprehensively carry out medical rehabilitation for earthquake victims. Disabled people who need medical rehabilitation are all funded by the government free of charge; For those who need to install artificial limbs, organize tests according to the functional recovery and install them as soon as possible. At present, 63 18 people who need follow-up medical rehabilitation have completed medical rehabilitation, and 1 109 people are still recovering. More than 65,438+0,000 wheelchairs and other assistive devices were provided for the disabled, and artificial limbs were installed for 435 people. At present, Party committees and governments at all levels are actively raising funds for special rehabilitation and follow-up treatment, and all disabled people can complete medical rehabilitation through measures such as basic medical insurance for urban workers, basic medical insurance for urban residents, new rural cooperative medical care, industrial injury insurance reimbursement, and assistance for those who need personal support.
Thirteen, about the quality of housing construction in disaster areas.
The "512" Wenchuan earthquake caused a large number of houses to be seriously damaged or even collapsed. The provincial party committee and government attached great importance to the appraisal of dangerous houses, and issued the Emergency Notice on Correctly Handling the Issues Related to the Appraisal and Demolition of Dangerous Houses after the Earthquake. With the support of the Ministry of Construction and other relevant ministries and commissions, they organized more than 2,500 experts and engineers from inside and outside the province to go deep into the disaster area to carry out earthquake damage investigation, and organized expert groups to conduct in-depth analysis and demonstration. Not long ago, the expert group published the Report on Earthquake Damage Analysis and Countermeasures of Buildings in "512" Wenchuan Earthquake (see China Architectural News Network). The report believes that the main reasons for the collapse of a large number of houses and the earthquake damage of houses in the same area are as follows: First, the earthquake. This earthquake has huge energy, super-strong intensity, special earthquake-making mode, long vibration duration, shallow focal depth, long rupture length and wide earthquake damage range. Second, different geological structures and different site conditions. In areas with different geological structures or different site conditions in the same area, the earthquake damage of houses in different areas or the same area will be obviously different due to the propagation direction of seismic waves, the superposition effect of seismic wave peaks and the vibration effect. The third is the structural type and architectural form of the house itself. Different types of building structures and architectural forms show obvious differences in earthquake damage. For example, the brick-concrete structure in the form of large bay, large window and outer corridor suffered the most serious earthquake damage and collapsed more. Fourthly, the reasons of seismic fortification standards in different times. Except for Songpan, Shimian and Jiuzhaigou counties, the maximum fortification intensity of buildings in the earthquake-stricken areas and buildings in the earthquake-stricken areas is 7 degrees, while the actual impact intensity of Wenchuan earthquake reaches 8- 1 1 degree, which generally exceeds the fortification intensity of buildings in the earthquake-stricken areas 1.5-4 degrees. According to the calculation results of the exceeding probability of large earthquakes in the seismic code, when the actual impact intensity exceeds the fortification intensity, fifth, the reasons for using different building materials and products. Before the mid-1990s, cold-drawn low-carbon steel wire members were widely used in prefabricated hollow floors, and houses with mud, sand or glutinous rice slurry as the main bonding materials were widely used in rural residential construction. Their integrity and earthquake resistance are poor, and they were seriously damaged and collapsed in this earthquake. The expert's conclusion is that the seismic fortification of buildings in the hardest hit areas is difficult to resist the destruction of this devastating earthquake, and the collapse of houses in the hardest hit areas is irresistible.
At the same time, there are some lessons to be learned from the damage to buildings caused by this devastating earthquake. At present, the focus of work is to further understand the law of earthquake damage mechanism of buildings through the study of earthquake damage of buildings, so as to guide post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and promote the high-quality and efficient reconstruction work. Regarding the quality problems of collapsed buildings mentioned by some people in the society, the attitude of the provincial party committee and government is very clear. As long as there is conclusive evidence to prove that there are illegal problems in architectural design and construction, relevant functional institutions will investigate and deal with them according to law.
According to the results of the analysis and research on the earthquake damage of houses and the recommendations of the expert group, the provincial party committee and the provincial government have successively formulated a series of documents to strengthen the supervision over the quality of restored and rebuilt houses. First, strict planning and site selection. Strengthen the scientific, forward-looking and instructive planning. In the site selection of housing reconstruction, we should follow the principle of avoiding earthquake fault zones, geological disaster-prone areas and flood passages, comprehensively consider the engineering geology, hydrological conditions and natural disaster impact assessment in various places, and scientifically select sites to prevent and mitigate secondary disasters that may be caused by earthquakes in advance. The second is to strictly implement the seismic technical specifications. According to the relevant provisions of the state, seismic fortification should run through the whole process of project site selection, planning, survey, design, review, construction, supervision, acceptance, use and management. The third is to strengthen the seismic design of houses. In the renovation of rural houses, the Provincial Construction Department has issued more than 200 sets of rural house design schemes suitable for different regions and with their own characteristics, which has strengthened the technical guidance and service for seismic fortification of rural houses; In the reconstruction of urban buildings, we should attach importance to seismic design and give priority to the selection of building structures with good seismic performance; For schools, hospitals, libraries and other crowded public buildings, choose the structural form with the best seismic performance. The fourth is to strengthen quality supervision. Working groups were sent to six cities (states) that were seriously affected by the disaster to strengthen the guidance and quality supervision of urban and rural housing reconstruction. A series of documents have been issued, such as strengthening the quality supervision and management of restored and rebuilt building materials products, strengthening the quality supervision of building materials, and organizing production in strict accordance with national and industry standards.
Fourteen Protection and Construction of Earthquake Sites