The Yangtze River originates from the "roof of the world"-the southwest side of Gladden Peak in Tanggula Mountain on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The main stream flows through Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai 1 1 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and flows into the East China Sea east of Chongming Island, with a total length of about 6,300 ㎞.
Hukou County is downstream from the estuary, with a total length of 938 kilometers and an area of 65,438+200,000 square kilometers. The main tributaries are Qingyi River on the south bank, Shuiyangjiang River system on the north bank, Taihu Lake system and Chaohu Lake system.
2. Yellow River
The Yellow River, with a total length of about 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of about 795,000 square kilometers, is the second longest river in China after the Yangtze River. It originated in Kariqu at the northern foot of bayan har in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and it is zigzag. It flows through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces and finally flows into the Bohai Sea.
Extended data:
The gestation, birth and development of the Yellow River are controlled by geological processes in geological history. The tectonic movements caused by crustal changes are external forces, and the erosion, transportation and accumulation generated by itself under hydrogeological conditions are internal forces. In the historical process of becoming a river, it keeps moving forward and keeps pace with the times. Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau and sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River began in prehistoric geological times, and have been increasingly influenced by human activities since then.
According to various studies, the ancient Yellow River has three stages of development: the early Pleistocene from Tertiary to Quaternary is the gestation period of the ancient Yellow River. The middle Pleistocene in Quaternary (1 1.5 million years ago) was the birth period of the ancient Yellow River. In the late Pleistocene (654.38+ 10,000 years ago ~ 654.38+ 10,000 years ago), the Yellow River formed a marine water system.
There are also great differences in the annual changes of water resources in the Yellow River Basin. The average natural runoff of Huayuankou Station for many years is 580 cubic meters, the maximum annual runoff can reach 93.866 billion cubic meters (July 1964 to June 1965), and the minimum annual runoff is only 27.352 billion cubic meters (July 1928 to June 1965). The annual variation of runoff in tributaries of the Yellow River is greater than that in the main stream, and the ratio of the maximum annual runoff to the minimum annual runoff is generally 5 ~ 12, even higher than 20 in small and medium tributaries in arid areas.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yellow River
Baidu encyclopedia-Yangtze river