Five principles of taking metformin
At the beginning, it is suggested that the minimum effective dose is 500mg/ day, and the principle of "starting from a small dose and gradually increasing the dose" should be followed, and the maximum dose should not exceed 2500mg/ day, so as to give the gastrointestinal tract an adaptation process. Among them, patients over 65 years old should not use the maximum dose to slow down the response of metformin to gastrointestinal tract.
For ordinary metformin tablets (non-enteric-coated tablets or controlled-release tablets), taking medicine on an empty stomach or before meals is more irritating to the stomach. Therefore, taking medicine after meals or after meals can reduce side effects without affecting drug absorption.
Regularly monitor blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, urine sugar and urine ketone body, and it is best to check renal function once every six months to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis. In addition, patients with severe renal insufficiency should not use metformin.
Metformin itself can inhibit the transformation of lactic acid into glucose, which will lead to the increase of lactic acid content in the body. If the patient has severe renal dysfunction or hypoxemia, it is easy to accumulate lactic acid in the body, causing lactic acidosis, leading to coma and even death.
In many patients, after metformin is dissolved in the stomach, high concentration of metformin hydrochloride adheres to the digestive tract mucosa, which will stimulate the mucosa and cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea and other symptoms. Most patients will get better after 3- 10, and a few patients will continue.
If the side effects such as headache and gastrointestinal reaction are not relieved after long-term medication, you should stop taking the medicine immediately, seek medical treatment in time, and switch to hypoglycemic drugs that suit you.
Long-term use of metformin in clinic can cause vitamin B 12 deficiency, especially for sugar friends or elderly sugar friends who have taken it for more than 3 years. Lack of vitamin B 12 will cause anemia and nerve damage, and increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. If sugar friends find that the serum vitamin B 12 is lower than 150Pmol/L, it means that vitamin B 12 deficiency has occurred, which can be improved by supplementing mecobalamin.
In addition, if you take other drugs at the same time, you should also pay attention to avoid the interaction between drugs and affect the effect. It is recommended to take it under the guidance of a doctor, and pay attention to monitoring the changes of blood sugar and adjust the dose at any time.
Therefore, sugar friends must fully understand the usage and characteristics of drugs when choosing drugs to avoid blindness and misunderstanding. If you don't have comprehensive knowledge of medication, it is recommended to consult a doctor in detail before taking it.