1. Interdisciplinary research method: Environmental history is an interdisciplinary research field, which combines the research methods and theories of history, geography, ecology, anthropology, sociology and other disciplines to comprehensively and deeply explore the relationship between human beings and the natural environment.
2. Comparative research methods: Environmental history researchers often reveal the similarities and differences between human beings and the natural environment by comparing environmental problems and solutions in different regions, different periods and different cultural backgrounds.
3. Case study method: Environmental history researchers conduct in-depth research on specific environmental events or phenomena, such as a major natural disaster and a major environmental protection policy, in order to reveal the social, economic and political factors behind it.
4. Literature research method: Environmental history researchers need to read and analyze a large number of historical documents, including history books, geographical records, scientific and technological documents, legal documents and so on. To obtain historical information about the relationship between human beings and the natural environment.
5. Field investigation method: Environmental history researchers sometimes need to conduct field investigations, truthfully inspect historical sites and visit local residents. To obtain first-hand empirical data.
6. Quantitative research methods: Environmental history researchers will also use quantitative tools such as statistics and GIS to analyze environmental data and reveal the impact of human activities on the natural environment.
7. Historical Geographic Information System (HGIS): This is a new research method. By combining geographic information system (GIS) with history, it can visually and dynamically simulate the geographical environment in historical period, which is helpful to understand the relationship between human beings and natural environment more deeply.