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Now: Now. When the place is also.
Ge and Wu: According to Zheng's note.
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We looked at this "university" and said, "Things have a beginning and an end, and things have a beginning and an end. Knowing the order is the shortcut." In ancient times, those who wanted to rule the country first, those who wanted to rule the country first, gathered their homes first, those who wanted to gather their bodies, straightened their hearts first, straightened their hearts first, and straightened their hearts first. From "knowing virtue" to "knowing what it knows", it is a sentence pattern of "how to get what it wants first", which means "prophet". Why?
This is because "knowledge" and "things" are two sides of this "present". There is no "order" relationship between the two.
Why do you see it? This meaning can be seen in the word "in".
This "you" means knowing the word, and Shuowen explains: "you". Press, the word comes from the soil and is the same as the seat. "From bronze inscriptions to Xiao Zhuan, from" talent "to" earth "."Cai Shuo Wen "explains:" The grass is in the early days. From three to one, there will be branches and leaves. First, the land is also. " In Oracle Bone Inscriptions's essays, the word "talent" is combined with its meaning. Only the head of its stem is exposed, and there are branches and leaves hidden in the soil below. Meeting means "living branches and leaves", but in fact it just means "thinking about business". There is no life in the grass, and there is virtue in the soil. Its virtue embodies the ability of "giving birth to all things" and should give birth to all things according to the "feeling" of "people". The so-called "vegetation" people are just "thinking about business" at the beginning of their life. For the so-called "vegetation", this kind of "thinking quotient" is only when the name is "thing", and they are born at the same time, that is, when the meaning begins, it means "thinking", that is, when things exist, it means "living", and "thinking" means "simultaneous", that is, "present" In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, "talent" means "being". Later, from the "soil", the life of plants and trees was born from the soil. Where "thought" is thought, the so-called "present" of "things" means that "thought is here", "thought is here" and "continuity" means the meaning of "existence". The original meaning of "existence" is "now" and "now". Other meanings of "zai" are extensions of this original meaning.
Book Yao Dian: "I have been in office for seventy years." "Being in office for seventy years" means "being". In the past 70 years, every "present" is a "present thought" and its "present thought" is an "in-place", so it is called 70 years of uninterrupted "in-place". "Load" carries meaning, like the bearing of a car, which has been transported nonstop for 70 years, so it is called "seventy years in office". This is the meaning of "existence" in the sense of "time".
Cai Yong is arbitrary: "The son of heaven takes the four seas as his home and says that he lives in it." This sentence means that the son of heaven "was born to do things." Why does the son of heaven "have no fixed place to live" and "walk in" as his "residence"? Because "the son of heaven takes the four seas as his home." Since the so-called "home" is like this for the son of heaven, then the son of heaven's "walk" is naturally the son of heaven's "residence". The "residence" of the "body" of the "son of heaven" is uncertain, and the place of "doing" is "setting", so "doing" is "setting", and the place you step on now is "setting". Therefore, this "behavior" and "certainty" are inseparable. The "only" is "one", that is, "instant" and "present" is "existence", so "behavior is the present" and the present where "behavior" is located is the place where "residence" is located. This is the meaning of "existence" in the sense of "space"
I saw a Zen case-solving story about this "seventy-year-old idea is here", which means "doing" means "fixing", "doing" and "fixing". Someone asked Zhao Zhou: "How to decide?" Zhou yun: "Not sure." People ask again, "Why are clouds uncertain?" Zhou yun: "Living creatures! Biology! "
Zheng Zhu's "Knowing the Case": "Case, come also. Things are still things. " According to Zheng's note, we can initially understand this sentence "knowing in the matter", as follows:
You can only be the object of the present and the future, not the object of the past and the future. If you know, you can only know the present and the future, but not the past and the future. The present is the present, and there is no difference between the first and the second. If there is a difference between the two, it will become the past and the future, and neither the past nor the future can come in the present. Why? "Things are extraordinary things". Zi said in Sichuan: "The deceased is like a husband! Don't give up day and night. " This "thing" is dying all the time, which is "extremes meet"
Because of its "things" and "extraordinary" reasons, it is said that "people can't step into the same river twice" and "die". Therefore, Meng said in "Zi Quan Xue Ji": "Being away from you for three days is even more impressive." Therefore, The Book of Songs Daya Wang Wen said: "Although Zhou was an old country, his life was reformed." Therefore, Pan Ming in Tang Dynasty said, "The new is the new, and the new is the new."
You can only "reach" the "thing" of its "knower" in this "present" and "thing" of its "coming"; The knowledge you can achieve is only the knowledge of the present and the future. Therefore, it should be said that "what you know is useless", not that "those who want to know should consider their affairs first".
Knowledge is about the present and its coming, and it is about the present and its reasons.
Without this "present", things and knowledge can be said, so things have no case, knowledge has no cause, things and knowledge can exist or die. To know this is to "know what it is, and then know what it is." "Knowing the best" means knowing this thing, knowing to the extreme, knowing to the extreme, knowing to the extreme. If it can't be more, it would be best.
This is "what is known to things".
In addition, this "knowledge" and "knowledge" belong to people, so the current "people" and "things" also belong to people, and there are no "people" and "things" outside people. Both "man" and "thing" exist and die, so it is the so-called "harmony between man and nature".
However, the meaning of this "person" and "thing" exists. It should be noted that this is not the meaning of "extinction", but the meaning of "idealism is present and knowledge changes". When "knowledge" changes, so-called "people" and "things" also change. "Invariance" means "existence" and "change" means "death". On this point, if a new text is published in the future, it will be further explained.
The sentence "knowledge lies in learning things" is the most core, key and basic sentence in the whole Confucian teaching system. It can be said that if the reader grasps this sentence wrongly, the whole Confucian system will collapse for you. Although "courtesy" is still good for you, you can only "know it but don't know why", then "Confucianism" is called "Tao" and you can't "enter" this "Tao". The highest purpose and greatest benefit of Confucian teaching is
However, since "Da Xue" said this sentence, it is precisely this sentence that caused the biggest difference in the annotations of later generations. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Liu Yue said, "Seventy-two lawsuits in ancient and modern times." So far, there are many differences and the geometry is unknown. Interested parties can specifically search for this difference, so I won't go into details here.
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20 15, 1 1 month for the first time.
2018165438+1revised in October 12