Original text and translation
Confucius said, "It's better to keep pace with the times, isn't it? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? "
Confucius said, "Isn't it a pleasure to study and review often?" ? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? I don't resent others for not understanding me. Isn't this also a person with high moral cultivation? "
Ceng Zi said, "I (wú) live in three provinces (xǐng) every day. I (wú) was unfaithful to (wèi)? Don't believe in making friends? Chuán is not used to it? " ("learning")
Ceng Zi said: "I reflect on myself many times every day: Have I tried my best to advise others? Are you sincere to your friends? Have you been reviewing what the teacher taught you? "
Confucius said, "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher." -"For Politics"
Confucius said: "reviewing what you have learned can (can) gain new knowledge and experience. With this, you can be a teacher of others."
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." (Politics)
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is a waste of time and you are at a loss. If you think without learning, you will be confused and not get it. "
Confucius said, "You, teacher (r incarnation), know it! Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. " -("for politics")
Confucius said, "Zhong You, let the teacher teach you the attitude of knowing and not knowing!" Knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing. This is very clever. "
Confucius said, "If you don't do it, you will be introspective." ("Li Ren")
Confucius said: "when you see a saint, you want to see him;" When you see an immoral person, you should reflect on yourself and see if he has similar problems. "
Confucius said: "In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. " ("Shu Er")
Confucius said, "When several people walk together, one of them can be my teacher. We should choose their advantages to learn. If we see their shortcomings, we should reflect on whether we have the same shortcomings as them. If it is, it should be corrected together. "
Ceng Zi said: "Scholars have a long way to go to strive for self-improvement. Isn't it important to think that benevolence is your responsibility? Isn't it far after death? " ("Taber")
Ceng Zi said: "An ambitious person must be broad-minded, strong and decisive, because he shoulders a great mission (or responsibility), and the road to realize it is far away. Isn't it important to realize the ideal of' benevolence' as your mission? Isn't it far to die without fighting? "
Confucius said, "Cold tells the decline of pine and cypress." (Zi Han)
Confucius said, "It's cold to know that pine and cypress (b m 4 I) leaves at the latest."
Zi Gong asked, "Who can walk for life without saying a word?" Confucius said, "I forgive you! Don't do to others what you don't want. " (Wei Linggong)
Zi Gong asked: "Is there a sentence that can be pursued for a lifetime? Confucius said, "It's probably the word" forgiveness "! Don't impose what you don't like on others. "
Author information
Confucius (5565438 BC+0 BC-479 BC) was born in the state of Lu. China was a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He educates students with the teaching philosophy of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "teaching without distinction". He was later called a "saint". Yes, the second child, Han nationality, came from Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius is one of the most famous cultural celebrities in the world. China's first chronological history book Spring and Autumn Annals was compiled. According to relevant records, Confucius was born in Changping Township, Joy, Lu State (now Luyuan Village, Nanxin Town, Qufu City, Shandong Province). Confucius died at the age of 73 and was buried in Surabaya, north of Qufu, where Kong Lin is now located. Confucius' thoughts on words and deeds are mainly contained in the prose collections "The Analects of Confucius" and "Historical Records of Confucius' Family" preserved in the pre-Qin and Qin and Han Dynasties. Confucius: The surname is Zi, Kong is Shi, Qiu is the name and the word. The second-ranked "Zi" is an ancient title of respect for adult men. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, all adult men with a certain social status can be called Zi, and they all want others to call themselves Zi, because Zi is still a title, so-called "Gong Hou Bo Zi Nan". But there are generally two kinds of people who can really make others commensurate with "zi": either people with high credibility in society, such as "teachers"; Either a more moral aristocrat; Confucius and Laozi belong to the former. Confucius was the greatest statesman, thinker, educator, founder of Confucianism in ancient China, and also the most famous literary celebrity in the world. Also known as "Confucius and Mencius", Confucius was honored as "the most holy" and Mencius as "the second saint".
Second, the Peach Blossom Garden
original text
During the Jin-Tai-Yuan period, Wu Lingren took fishing as his occupation. Walk along the stream and forget the distance. Suddenly I met the peach blossom forest, and I caught a hundred steps on the bank. There were no miscellaneous trees, and the grass was delicious and colorful. Fishermen are very different, so they move on and want to become poor.
If there is no water in the forest, make a mountain. The mountain has a small mouth and seems to have light. By boat, by mouth. Only by being narrow at first can we understand people. Take a few steps and you will be cheerful. The land is flat and spacious, the houses (shè) and (yǐ n) are natural, and there are fertile fields and beautiful mulberry ponds. Money (qiān) blames (mi) traffic, and chickens and dogs hear each other. Men and women are familiar with each other's clothes (zhuó). Yellow hair (tiáo), naturally there is pleasure (yí).
Seeing the fisherman, he was shocked and asked him what he had not done. Answer it. You still have to (yāo) go home and set out wine to kill chickens for dinner. When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire. Because Yun Zushang escaped from the chaos of the Jin Dynasty, his wife easily fell into this desperate situation and did not come back. Therefore, Sue was cut off from outsiders. You ask what this world is, and I don't know if there are any Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. This person has a sound every word, and he sighs without exception (w m \u n). The rest (yú) went back to their homes, eating and drinking. Stop for a few days and resign. In this Chinese (yù) cloud: "It is not enough for (wèi) to be humanitarian."
Help the road when you get off the boat, and you are determined everywhere. And under the county (j and n), yi (y) can be said to be the satrap. The satrap (Qi m￠n) followed him, found what he wanted, got lost and lost his way.
Nanyang (Ji) people, even when they were noble, heard about it and gladly planned to go. If you fail, you will find the disease. Nobody took care of it after that.
translate
In the first year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a Wuling man who took fishing as his profession. One day, he rowed along the stream and forgot the distance. Suddenly I saw (a piece of) peach blossom forest, which grew hundreds of steps on both sides of the stream, and there were no other trees (except peach trees) in the middle. The grass is bright and beautiful, and the fallen flowers are chaotic. The fisherman was surprised by this. Go further and want to go to the end of the peach blossom forest.
The peach blossom forest disappeared at the source of the stream and saw a mountain. There is a small hole in the mountain, which is faintly lit. The fisherman left the boat and got in through the hole. At first, the hole was so narrow that only one person could pass through it. I took dozens of steps forward and suddenly became wide and bright. The land is flat and wide, the houses are neat, and there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds and bamboo forests. The paths in the field are intertwined, and the chickens and dogs hear each other. People come and go inside, farming and working, and men and women wear the same clothes as people outside the Peach Blossom Garden. Old people and children are very carefree and happy, having a good time.
People in the Peach Blossom Garden are surprised when they meet fishermen. They asked him where he came from and he answered them in detail. Then (the man) invited (the fisherman) to his home to cook (entertain him). When people in the village heard that there was such a person, they all came to visit and asked questions. They themselves said that their ancestors came to this isolated place with their wives, children and fellow villagers to avoid the war in the Qin Dynasty, and never went out from here again, so they cut off contact with outsiders. (They) asked what dynasty it was, but (Taoyuan people) didn't even know about the Han Dynasty, let alone the Wei and Jin Dynasties. The fishermen told them in detail, and they all lamented. The rest invited (fishermen) to their homes and all brought out wine and food (to entertain him). After a few days, the fisherman said goodbye and left. People in the Peach Blossom Garden told him: "(We are here) is not worth telling outsiders."
After (the fisherman) left the Peach Blossom Garden, he found his boat and went back along the previous road, marking everywhere. At the gate of the county (Wuling county), I met the satrap and told what I saw and heard in the Peach Blossom Garden. The satrap immediately sent someone to follow him, looking for the mark he had made before, but finally he lost his way and never found his way again.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang is a famous person with high moral character. Hearing this, I am glad to plan to go (visit). Not yet realized, and soon died. No one has looked for it since then (Peach Blossom Garden).
Author information
Tao Yuanming (about 365-427) was a famous poet and essayist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Because there are five willows in front of our house, we call ourselves Mr. Five willows, and the world calls us Mr. Jingjie. Poet, writer, lyricist and essayist at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. A native of Xunyang Chai Sang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After many twists and turns, I worked as a small official in various places for several years, then I got tired of the secular world, resigned and went home, and lived in seclusion from now on. Pastoral life is the main theme of Tao Yuanming's poems, and his related works include Drinking, Returning to the Garden, The Story of Peach Blossom Garden, Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, Returning to Xi Ci, Poetry of Peach Blossom Garden (Peach Blossom Garden is a preface to Taoyuan Poetry) and so on. He is known as the "pastoral poet". He is also the originator of pastoral school.
Third, the humble room inscription
original text
The mountain is not (1) high, and the immortal name (2). The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. Si is a humble room,
Only my virtue and sincerity [5]. Moss marks green, grass color into the curtain. There is no Ding Bai as a scholar with a smile and knowledge.
You can tune the pipa (⑼) and read the Book of Golden Classics (⑽). If there is no silk bamboo, there is no case.
[14] the form of labor [14]. Nanyang ⒃ Zhuge Lu, Xishuzi ⒄. Ting Yun Confucius said, "What's the matter?"
translate
Mountains don't have to be high, and immortals can be famous. Water is not about how deep it is. A dragon (alive) became supernatural (water). This is a humble room, but I (the people who live in it) have a high moral character (I don't feel humble). The moss is green and grows to the steps; The grass is green and reflected in the curtains. People who are addicted to jokes are knowledgeable people, not people with shallow culture. You can play simple guqin and read Buddhist scriptures. No (noisy) music disturbs the ears, and no (official) documents make the body tired. Just like Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage in Nanyang and Yang Ziyun's porch pavilion in West Shu. Confucius said: What's so simple about this?
Author information
Liu Yuxi (772-842), born in Pengcheng and Luoyang in the Tang Dynasty, was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. He claimed to be a descendant of the King of Mountain Scenery in Hanzhong, and was a censor. He is a member of the Wang Reform School. A famous poet in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, he is known as the "great poet". His family is a scholarly family handed down from generation to generation by Confucianism. Advocating political innovation is one of the core figures of the Wang school's political innovation activities. Later, Yongzhen failed in innovation and was demoted to Sima Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan). According to the textual research of Mr. Zhou, a historian and collector in Changde, Hunan Province, Liu Yuxi was demoted to Sima Langzhou, during which he wrote the famous "Han Shou Chun Wang".
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