General rule
Good deeds: The purpose of psychologists' work is to make people who seek professional services benefit from the professional services they provide. Psychologists should protect the rights of those who seek professional services and try to get proper services to avoid injury.
Responsibility: Psychologists should maintain the highest level of professional services in their work and be responsible for their own actions. Recognize your professional, moral and legal responsibilities and safeguard your professional reputation.
Honesty: Psychologists should strive to maintain the honesty and authenticity of their behavior in clinical practice, research and teaching.
Justice: Psychologists should treat their professional work and other personnel fairly. Psychologists should take a cautious attitude to prevent improper behavior caused by their potential prejudice, ability limitation and technical limitation.
Respect: Psychologists should respect everyone and the right to privacy, confidentiality and self-determination.
1. Professional relationship
Psychologists should respect those who seek professional services and establish a good professional working relationship with them according to professional ethics. This working relationship should be aimed at promoting the growth and development of service seekers, so as to enhance their own interests and well-being.
1. 1 Psychologists shall not discriminate against each other because of factors such as age, sex, race, sexual orientation, religious and political beliefs, culture, physical condition, social and economic status and so on.
1.2 Psychologists should respect the informed consent right of those seeking professional services. In the beginning and process of clinical service, psychologists should first let the other side know the purpose, professional relationship, related technology, workflow, possible limitations of professional service, the rights and interests of third parties that may be involved in the work, privacy, possible harm and possible benefits of professional service.
1.3 Psychologists should appropriately charge professional service fees according to the requirements of the local government or the regulations of the unit. Psychologists should clearly introduce and explain their service charges to those who seek professional services before entering the professional working relationship. Psychologists are not allowed to accept physical objects, obtain labor services or other ways as remuneration for their professional services, because there are potential dangers such as conflict, exploitation and destruction of professional relations.
1.4 psychologists should be aware of their influence on people seeking professional help and try their best to prevent situations that damage trust and cause dependence.
1.5 psychologists should respect the values of those who seek professional help and not make important decisions on their behalf or force them to accept their own values.
1.6 Psychologists should be clearly aware of the potential impact of their position on people seeking professional services, and should not take advantage of the other party's trust or dependence on themselves or seek benefits for themselves or the third party.
1.7 psychologists should clearly understand the adverse effects of dual relationships (such as developing family, social, economic, commercial or intimate personal relationships with people seeking professional help) on professional judgment and the potential dangers of hurting people seeking professional services, so as to avoid dual relationships with people seeking professional services. When the double relationship is inevitable, we should take some professional preventive measures, such as signing a formal informed consent form, seeking professional supervision, and keeping records of relevant documents, so as to ensure that the double relationship will not damage our own judgment or hurt those who seek professional help.
1.8 Psychologists are not allowed to have any form of sexual and intimate relationships with people who are currently seeking professional services, nor are they allowed to provide psychological counseling or treatment to people who have had sexual and intimate relationships. Once the established professional relationship exceeds the professional boundaries (such as developmental relationship or love relationship), the professional relationship should be terminated immediately and appropriate measures should be taken (such as seeking supervision or peer advice).
1.9 Psychologists shall not have any intimate relationship or sexual relationship with professional service seekers for at least three years after ending their psychological consultation or treatment relationship with professional service seekers. If this relationship occurs three years later, it is necessary to carefully review the nature of the relationship to ensure that there is no possibility of exploitation in this relationship, and at the same time, there must be legal written records for the record.
1. 10 psychologists are not allowed to interrupt their work during psychological consultation and treatment. When the psychologist is on a business trip, on vacation or temporarily leaving the workplace, appropriate arrangements should be made for the psychological consultation or treatment that has already begun.
1. 1 1 When a psychologist thinks that he is no longer suitable to work with a person seeking professional services, he should clearly explain it to the other party in a responsible manner and recommend him to another suitable psychologist or doctor.
1. 12 In professional work, psychologists should understand and respect each other, establish a positive and cooperative working relationship with their peers, and improve the service level for those who seek professional services.
1. 13 psychologists should respect other professionals and establish a positive and cooperative working relationship with relevant professionals in order to improve the service level for those seeking professional services.
2. Privacy and confidentiality
Psychologists have the responsibility to protect the privacy of those seeking professional services, and at the same time realize that privacy is protected and restricted by national laws and professional ethics in content and scope.
2. 1 psychologists have the responsibility to explain the principle of confidentiality of work and the application limit of this principle to those who seek psychological counseling and treatment professional services. At the beginning of family therapy, group counseling or therapy, the principle of confidentiality should first be established in the counseling or therapy group.
2.2 Psychologists should clearly realize that the application of the confidentiality principle has its limits, and the following situations are exceptions to the confidentiality principle: (1) When psychologists find that people seeking professional services are in serious danger of hurting themselves or others. (2) When a professional service seeker suffers from a fatal infectious disease that may endanger others. (3) When minors are sexually assaulted or abused. (4) When disclosure is required by law.
2.3 In case of (1), (2) and (3) in 2.2, the psychologist has the responsibility to warn the other party's legal guardian or an identifiable third person; In the case of (4) in 2.2, the psychologist has the obligation to abide by the law, but he is required to show the legal written requirements of the court and relevant personnel, and ensure that such disclosure will not bring direct damage or potential damage to clinical professional relations.
2.4 Only with the written consent of the person seeking professional services can psychologists record, video or demonstrate the process of psychological consultation or treatment.
2.5 The relevant information of psychological doctor's professional service, including case records, test data, letters, audio and video recordings, belongs to professional information and should be kept strictly confidential. Only authorized psychologists can access this information.
2.6 Psychologists should conceal relevant information that may identify the corresponding identity of those seeking professional services when discussing cases requiring psychological consultation or treatment due to professional work, or when using cases for teaching, scientific research, writing, etc. (except for the written permission of those seeking professional services).
2.7 Psychologists need the written consent of the other party before showing the audio or video records of people seeking professional services or publishing their complete cases.
3. Professional responsibility
Psychologists should abide by national laws and regulations and professional ethics. At the same time, strive to work in an open, honest and accurate communication way. The professional work of psychologists should be based on scientific research and discovery, and work in a responsible manner within the scope of professional boundaries and personal abilities. Psychologists should constantly update and develop their professional knowledge, actively participate in self-care activities, and promote personal physical, social adaptation and mental health to better meet the needs of professional responsibilities.
3. 1 Psychologists should provide appropriate and effective professional services for different groups of people within their professional competence and according to their experience in education, training and supervision.
3.2 Psychologists should fully realize the significance of continuing education, keep an understanding of the current disciplines and professional information in the field of professional work, and keep a grasp of the skills used and an open attitude towards new knowledge.
3.3 Psychologists should pay attention to their professional ability and take appropriate measures to seek the help of professional supervisors when necessary. In the absence of professional supervision, we should try to seek professional help from our peers.
3.4 Psychologists should pay attention to self-care, and seek the help of supervisors or other professionals when they realize that personal physical or psychological problems may cause harm to people seeking professional services. Psychologists should be alert to the possibility of harm caused by their own problems to clients, and should limit, interrupt or terminate clinical professional services when necessary.
3.5 When psychologists need to introduce themselves in their work, they should truthfully explain their professional qualifications, degrees and professional qualification certificates, and when they need to advertise or describe their services, they should accurately express their professional qualifications. Psychologists should not belittle other professionals and publicize themselves or their work departments in a false, misleading or deceptive way, let alone cheat.
3.6 Psychologists shall not use their professional status for personal gain, such as personal or family members' interests, sexual interests, unequal property and service transactions, etc. Nor should we use the relationship between psychological counseling and treatment, teaching, training and supervision to gain self-interest other than reasonable remuneration.
3.7 When psychologists need to report their professional work to a third party (such as courts and insurance companies). ), they should take an honest and objective attitude to describe their work accurately.
3.8 When psychologists engage in professional activities through public media (such as lectures, demonstrations, radio, television, newspapers, printed matter, Internet, etc.). ), or provide persuasion and comments in a professional capacity, they should pay attention to their own remarks based on appropriate professional literature and practice, respect facts, and pay attention to their words and deeds should follow professional ethics.
4. Psychological measurement and evaluation
Psychologists should correctly understand the significance and function of psychological measurement and evaluation methods in clinical service and use them correctly. In the process of psychological measurement and evaluation, psychologists should consider the personal and cultural background of the person being measured or evaluated. Psychologists should develop and use appropriate educational, psychological and occupational measurement tools to promote the well-being of those seeking professional services.
4. 1 The purpose of psychological measurement and evaluation is to promote the well-being of those seeking professional services, and psychologists shall not abuse the measurement or evaluation means to seek benefits.
4.2 Before the implementation of measurement or evaluation, psychologists should be trained in psychometrics and have corresponding professional knowledge and skills in specific measurement and evaluation methods.
4.3 Psychologists should respect the right to seek professional services in order to understand and obtain the interpretation of measurement and evaluation results. After measurement or evaluation, they should give an accurate, objective and easy-to-understand explanation of the measurement or evaluation results, and try to avoid their misunderstanding of the measurement or evaluation results.
4.4 When using testing or measuring tools for scoring and interpretation, or using evaluation techniques, interviews or other measuring tools, psychologists must use measuring tools with established and proven reliability and effectiveness. If there is no reliable reliability and validity data, it is necessary to explain the persuasiveness and limitations of the test results and explanations. Psychologists can't make psychological diagnosis only based on the results of psychological measurement.
4.5 Psychologists are responsible for maintaining the integrity and safety of psychological test materials (referring to test manuals, measuring tools, protocols and test items) and other measuring tools, and shall not disclose the contents of relevant tests to non-professionals.
4.6 Psychologists should use scientific procedures and professional knowledge to compile, standardize and test the reliability and validity of the test, so as to avoid deviation and provide perfect guidance.
5. Teaching, training and supervision
Psychologists should strive to develop meaningful and respectable professional relationships and take a sincere, serious and responsible attitude towards teaching, training and supervision.
5. 1 The purpose of psychologists in teaching, training and supervision is to promote the personal and professional growth and development of students, trainees or supervised students, so as to enhance their well-being.
5.2 Psychologists engaged in teaching, training and supervision should be familiar with professional ethics and remind students and supervisors to pay attention to their professional ethics responsibilities.
5.3 Psychologists in charge of teaching and training should take appropriate measures in the curriculum and plan to ensure that teaching and training can provide appropriate knowledge and practical training, meet the requirements of teaching objectives or issue qualified certificates.
5.4 Psychologists, as supervisors, should explain the purpose, process, evaluation methods and standards of supervision to the supervised. Inform the supervision of emergencies, interruptions, termination of supervision relationship, etc. Pay attention to regular feedback to the supervised person in the process of supervision, so as to avoid the situation that the supervised person hurts the professional service seeker due to negligence in supervision.
5.5 Trainers and supervisors' psychologists should adopt a realistic attitude and give evaluation opinions honestly, fairly and justly when evaluating the professional abilities of trainees and supervised trainees.
5.6 As trainers and supervisors, psychologists should clearly define their professional and moral relationship with their own students and supervised students, and should not participate in psychological counseling or treatment, and should not have intimate or sexual relations with them. It is not allowed to establish supervision relationship or psychological counseling and treatment relationship with professionals who have kinship or intimate relationship.
5.7 As a trainer and a supervised psychologist, they should clearly realize the advantages existing in the relationship between themselves and the supervised (or students), and should not use each other to seek personal gain for themselves or a third party.
6. Research and publication
Advocate psychologists to carry out professional research in order to make contributions in the field of professional disciplines and promote the understanding and improvement of related phenomena in professional fields. Psychologists should respect the dignity of participants and pay attention to their well-being when conducting research. Abide by the scientific research norms and ethical standards for human beings.
6. 1 Psychologists should respect people's basic rights and interests when they take people as research objects in their research work. Abide by ethics, laws, relevant regulations of service institutions and standards of human scientific research. Be responsible for the safety of the research object, and pay special attention to prevent the rights and interests of the research object from being damaged.
6.2 Psychologists should inform or seek the informed consent of the research subjects in advance when they are engaged in research work. The research object (or its guardian) should be explained the nature, purpose, process, application of methods and technologies, possible troubles, confidentiality principles and restrictions, and the rights and obligations of both the researcher and the research object.
6.3 The research subject has the right to refuse or withdraw from the study, and the psychologist shall not force the other party to participate in the study in any way. Involuntary participants can only use it if they are convinced that the research is harmless to the participants and the research must be carried out.
6.4 Psychologists are not allowed to treat the research object by concealment or deception, unless this method is necessary for the expected research results, and there is no other alternative, but they must make an appropriate explanation for the research object afterwards.
6.5 When the intervention or experimental research needs the control group or the control group, after the research, the members of the control group or the control group should be given appropriate treatment.
6.6 When writing a research report, psychologists should objectively and accurately explain and discuss the research design, research process, research results and research limitations, and must not use false information or materials, and must not conceal the results that are inconsistent with their own research expectations or theoretical viewpoints, so as to avoid prejudice or prejudice in the discussion of research results.
6.7 When writing a research report, psychologists should pay attention to the confidentiality of the identity of the research object (unless authorized by the research object in writing), and at the same time, pay attention to the confidentiality and safekeeping of relevant research materials.
6.8 Psychologists should not copy the achievements of others when publishing papers or works. Psychologists should indicate the original author and the source of information when quoting the remarks or materials of other researchers or authors in published papers or works.
6.9 When the research work is jointly completed by psychologists and other colleagues or peers, the published papers or works shall be marked with other authors in an appropriate way, and shall not be published or published in their own names. Those who have made special contributions to published research papers or works should make a solemn and clear statement in an appropriate way. If the main content of the published article or work comes from a student's research report or thesis, the student should be listed as one of the main authors.
Step 7 deal with moral issues
Psychologists should abide by relevant laws and ethics in their professional work. Psychologists should strive to solve ethical dilemmas, communicate directly and openly with relevant personnel, and seek advice or help from peers and supervisors when necessary. Psychologists should integrate ethical norms into their daily professional work.
7. 1 Psychologists can obtain the ethical norms of our hospital from relevant certification or registration institutions. Lack of relevant knowledge or misunderstanding of ethical terms cannot be an excuse for violating ethical norms.
7.2 Psychologists should take reasonable measures to correct their dereliction of duty or misunderstanding of their duties in their work.
7.3 If our professional ethics conflicts with laws and regulations, psychologists must let others know that their actions are in line with professional ethics and try to resolve the conflict. If this conflict cannot be solved, psychologists should be guided by laws and regulations.
7.4 If there is a contradiction between the requirements of the institution where psychologists work and the ethical norms of this society, psychologists need to clarify the essence of the contradiction and show that they have the responsibility to act in accordance with professional ethical norms. On the premise of adhering to ethical norms, the conflict between ethical norms and institutional requirements should be reasonably resolved.
7.5 If psychologists find that they have violated the code of ethics, they should advise their peers or colleagues. If persuasion fails, we should reflect its problems through appropriate channels. If the other party's unethical behavior is very obvious and has caused serious harm, or the unethical behavior can't be solved by proper informal channels, or it can't be solved at all, the psychologist should report it to the ethics working group of our association or other appropriate authoritative institutions to safeguard the reputation of the industry and protect the rights and interests of those seeking professional services. If psychologists are not sure whether a particular situation or a particular behavior violates ethical norms, they can seek advice from the ethical working group or other appropriate authorities in our society.
7.6 Psychologists have the responsibility to cooperate with the ethics working group of our association to investigate and take action on possible violations of ethics. Psychologists should be familiar with the relevant procedures and regulations for appealing against violations of ethics.
7.7 This Code of Ethics opposes complaining about moral issues in an unfair way or in the form of revenge.
7.8 In this study, all ethics working groups implement the code of ethics, receive complaints about ethics issues, provide explanations related to this code of ethics, and handle cases that violate the code of professional ethics.
Appendix: Definitions of technical terms included in this specification.
Clinical psychology is one of the branches of psychology, which not only provides psychological knowledge, but also uses this knowledge to understand and promote the mental health, physical health and social adaptation of individuals or groups. Clinical psychology pays more attention to the study of individual and group psychological problems and the treatment of serious psychological disorders.
Counseling psychology is one of the branches of psychology, which uses psychological knowledge to understand and promote the mental health, physical health and social adaptation of individuals or groups. Consulting psychology pays more attention to the general problems in individual daily life in order to improve individual's good adaptability and coping ability.
Clinical and counseling psychologist: refers to the person who has systematically studied the professional knowledge of clinical or counseling psychology, received systematic skills training and practical supervision of psychotherapy and counseling, engaged in psychological counseling and psychotherapy, and met the requirements for the registration of psychologists in the Chinese Psychological Association, and was effectively registered in the Chinese Psychological Association. In this code, these professionals are collectively referred to as psychologists.
Psychologists include clinical psychologists and consulting psychologists: the definition of clinical psychologist or consulting psychologist depends on the definition of name in the degree training program accepted by the applicant.
People who seek professional services: namely, clients or patients with psychological disorders, or other clients who need psychological counseling or psychotherapy professional services.
Supervision: refers to a senior psychologist who is engaged in the training of psychologists related to clinical and consulting psychology, training and supervision. , and meet the requirements for the registration of supervisors of the Chinese Psychological Association, and be effectively registered in the Chinese Psychological Association.
Counseling: refers to the process in which, on the basis of a good counseling relationship, a professionally trained psychologist uses the relevant theories and techniques of counseling psychology to help seekers with general psychological problems, so as to eliminate or alleviate their psychological problems and promote their individual good adaptation and coordinated development.
Psychotherapy: refers to the process in which, on the basis of a good therapeutic relationship, professionally trained psychologists use the relevant theories and techniques of clinical psychology to help patients with mental disorders, so as to eliminate or alleviate their psychological obstacles or problems and promote their personality to develop in a healthy and coordinated direction.
Exploitation: In this Code, it means that an individual or group occupies the fruits of other people's labor without compensation against their own will or unknowingly, or improperly uses all kinds of material, economic and psychological resources owned by others in order to seek various forms of interests or obtain psychological satisfaction.
Welfare in this Code refers to the health, psychological growth and happiness of people seeking professional services.
Dual relationship: refers to the existence or development of other interpersonal relationships characterized by interests and intimate feelings between psychologists and people seeking professional services, which is called dual relationship. If there are two or more social relationships besides professional relationships, it is called multiple relationships.
Professional Committee of Clinical and Counseling Psychology of Chinese Psychological Society
June 5438, 2007+10 month