In the design of drainage pipes, it is necessary to design rainwater and sewage drainage systems respectively according to the purpose requirements of outdoor drainage design specifications, and to follow the requirements of urban master planning and drainage planning. The design layout is selected according to the present situation of existing drainage pipeline laying. The rainwater-sewage combined drainage system should gradually implement the reconstruction project of the separate drainage system in a way and purposefully. In the engineering design of modern municipal drainage pipeline, it is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of sewage pipeline design and rainwater pipeline design. When there are industrial clusters and special wastewater drainage industrial enterprises, it is necessary to design special pipelines for industrial wastewater [1].
2 sewage pipeline linear layout and plane design layout
First of all, in the process of building a new drainage pipe network, we should effectively consider the land construction situation, combine the adjustment of land construction planning and existing planning, and combine the overall terrain trend of the municipal district under construction. To make the overall trend of the pipeline conform to the regional topographic characteristics, it is necessary to drain along the slope to ensure that the corresponding sewage outlets in the drainage area can be discharged by gravity. In the design process, we should consider the future development plan of the municipal government and reserve an appropriate position in the buried depth. There should be no deviation in the construction of individual control points, and the buried depth of the whole system should be effectively improved.
Secondly, the designed sewage pipeline should keep a proper distance from the buildings on the ground, so that the building users can effectively connect with the drainage system. At the same time, the reasonable layout of various pipelines should be considered comprehensively. It is necessary to effectively plan the design scheme according to the comprehensive cross section of the pipeline, determine the best position of the sewage pipeline, and arrange the pipeline under sidewalks and non-motor vehicle lanes to ensure that the overall design layout is reasonable and effective. At the same time, in economically developed cities and areas with relatively many underground facilities such as subways, it is necessary to make effective layout according to the layout location, areas with tight resources and roads with relatively complicated traffic. Therefore, the original underground facilities can be considered in the design and layout, and the reasonable design and layout of underground pipe gallery and pipeline tunnel can be carried out, so that the comprehensive layout of pipelines tends to be more reasonable [2].
Moreover, for sections with large traffic volume and wide road cross section, double tracks should be designed and arranged, and for sections with large diameter of urban sewage main pipes, double tracks should be effectively laid. These two tracks are necessary. Finally, it is necessary to study the rationality of reducing the overall construction cost of sewage pipelines, which should be coordinated with the reconstruction of existing pipelines in cities and the laying of new roads in regions. It is necessary to consider setting more access ports appropriately, so that the future urban construction can be effectively guaranteed. In the design and layout of plastic drainage pipeline along the curve, the design of pipeline borrowing angle needs to meet the technical specification research and relevant regulations of pipeline manufacturers.
3 Determination of sewage pipe diameter
The pipe diameter needs to be judged according to the plane layout of the pipeline, the drainage requirements of municipal regional services and the regional terrain slope. The investment cost and construction cost of the whole pipe network should be considered, so as to determine the economic pipe diameter and buried depth. After the sum of pipe network cost and engineering construction cost is relatively minimum, it should also meet the design requirements such as minimum slope and weakest flow required by design specifications. Further, the gravity flow sewage pipeline is recalculated with full flow, and the design fullness needs to be met. It needs to be selected according to the following formula (Table 1) to judge the minimum pipe diameter of the sewage pipeline.
4 Vertical arrangement of sewage pipes
To meet the requirements of sewage pipe control points and buried depth, sewage control points should be arranged reasonably. It is necessary to set up a centralized discharge outlet with a certain depth at the farthest place from the water outlet, and at the same time, effectively design the starting point of the pipeline and reasonably bury the sewage pipeline in some low-lying areas. In order to meet the depth of frozen soil in winter in this area and prevent the pipe wall under the roadway from being damaged by vehicles, it is necessary to have a reasonable protection depth and the connection between pipes, so that the vertical layout of sewage pipes meets the overall design requirements. And ensure the effectiveness of the actual situation of pipeline crossing under the road [3].
5 Selection of sewage pipes
5. 1 pipeline selection requirements
In the selection of pipes, it is necessary to ensure sufficient strength to withstand various external and internal pressures, and to judge the tightness of the selected pipes, so as to ensure no leakage and relatively high safety. At the same time, pay attention to the rationality of the leakage problem caused by the poor water tightness of the pipeline, improve the investment standard of management expenses in time, reduce the economic loss to the lowest standard, avoid the influence of scouring the stratum, and then make the sewage not leak. To ensure that the experience is mature and the overall construction is easy. When selecting pipes, corrosion resistance should be considered, and the service life should be relatively long. At the same time, we should judge its economic rationality and construction investment benefit. At present, the types of buried plastic drainage pipes widely used in sewage pipelines in China mainly include hard PVC pipes and polyethylene pipes, which are the most suitable pipe types.
5.2 According to the actual situation of the project, determine the type and model of the pipeline.
In the selection of pipe type, the diameter of rigid polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) is 223 ~ 400 mm, and the interface needs a rubber ring. Secondly, you can choose polyethylene pipe with a pipe diameter of 500 ~ 1000 mm, and the interface needs to use a socket rubber ring. When the glass fiber reinforced plastic sand pipe is selected as the pipe, the pipe diameter should be within the range of 600 ~ 2000 mm, and the interface mode of socket rubber ring is adopted.
6 municipal sewage pipe quality control requirements
First of all, it is necessary to design the overall construction project in detail in the construction organization design. So that the relevant approval opinions at all levels can modify and improve the construction organization design, and the municipal sewage pipeline can only be constructed after being confirmed by Party A and the supervision engineer. In the specific construction, the construction organization design should be strictly implemented, and it is not allowed to be changed at will. It is necessary to carry out relevant technical disclosure when modifying, and effectively judge each local situation of engineering technical disclosure. Necessary measurement control management should be carried out during construction, all measuring instruments and tools should meet the requirements, and the process quality in the project should be effectively controlled. It is necessary to install design drawings before construction. The specific process needs to be signed by quality inspectors and the problems can be corrected effectively.
7 conclusion
The design of municipal sewage pipeline drainage system needs to be based on the coordination of urban regional development, and ensuring its rationality is of great practical significance to the future development of the city. As a basic municipal facility, it needs to be reasonably designed and effectively controlled in strict accordance with national requirements and relevant standards.
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