As far as the service area is concerned, it can be divided into local logistics information platform and national logistics information platform. For example, Changjiang Logistics Network and Ningbo Logistics Information Network obviously belong to local logistics information platforms, while Farah Network and China Wutong Network attract users all over the country, which are relatively well-known national logistics information platforms at present.
According to the nature of website operators, it can be divided into the logistics information platform operated by the main body itself and the third-party logistics information platform. Among them, the logistics information platform operated by the main body often aims at improving the work efficiency of the main body, while the third-party logistics information platform provides information services for the logistics supply and demand side, and its operators generally do not involve the specific operation of logistics services.
There are many classification methods, but there is no certain routine. The primary significance of the construction of logistics information platform is to help improve the work efficiency of logistics participants, and then promote the improvement of the work efficiency of the whole society.
High-quality logistics information platform also means that logistics service demanders can enjoy faster and cheaper logistics services and improve work efficiency or quality of life. Under the condition that the development of China's logistics industry is relatively backward, it will be of great significance to develop the logistics public information platform, especially the third-party logistics public information platform. Logistics information plays a very important role in logistics activities. Through the logistics information platform, the collection, transmission, storage, processing and output of logistics information become the basis of decision-making, which plays a guiding, coordinating, supporting and guaranteeing role in the whole logistics activities. Its main functions are:
The role of communication: Logistics system is composed of many industries. Departments and many enterprise groups constitute a large system. Within the system, it is through various instructions, plans, documents, data, statements, vouchers, advertisements, business information and other logistics information that various contacts are established to communicate manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, logistics service providers and consumers to meet the needs of all parties. Therefore, logistics information is a bridge to communicate all aspects of logistics activities.
The role of guidance and coordination: Logistics information enters the logistics supply chain with the luck of logistics, capital flow, voucher flow and other information carriers, and information feedback is also fed back to all links of the supply chain with the information carriers. Relying on logistics information and its feedback can guide the change of supply chain structure and the optimization of logistics layout; Coordinate material structure and balance supply and demand; Coordinate the allocation of logistics resources such as people, finance and materials, and promote the integration and rational utilization of logistics resources.
Management and control functions: realize the electronization of logistics activities through technologies such as mobile communication, computer information network, electronic data interchange (EDI), global positioning system (GPS), short message platform (GMS) and logistics card, such as real-time tracking of goods, real-time tracking of vehicles, automatic alarm of inventory, real-time inquiry of collection funds, etc. Replace traditional manual work with informationization to realize the management and control of logistics operation, service quality and cost.
Shorten the role of logistics process: In order to cope with the fluctuation of demand, different nodes of logistics supply chain usually have inventory, including intermediate inventory and final inventory, such as spare parts and finished products inventory, which increases the length and cost of supply chain. However, if we can know the information of different nodes in the supply chain in real time, such as when, where and how many goods can reach the destination in the supply chain, then we can find out the excess inventory in the supply chain and reduce it, thus shortening the logistics chain and improving the logistics service level.
The role of decision analysis: Logistics information is an important basis and key to making decision-making plans. The decision-making process of logistics management itself is a process of deep processing of logistics information and a process of understanding the development and changes of logistics activities. Logistics information can help logistics managers to determine and evaluate alternatives after comparing logistics strategies, such as vehicle scheduling, inventory management, facility location, process design and cost-benefit analysis, which can only be carried out with the help of logistics information.
Value-added function: Logistics information itself is valuable. In the field of logistics, while realizing its use value, its own value presents an increasing trend, that is, logistics information itself has value-added characteristics. In addition, logistics information is an important factor affecting logistics, which organically combines and links all the elements of logistics and related elements to form realistic productivity and create higher social productivity. Logistics information also plays a very important role in improving economic benefits. Because there is no conflict between these two common forms, most enterprise users can use the services provided by these two forms at the same time. The closed platform system comes from different institutions, and its investment depends on the offline entities attached to it, so it has strong personalized characteristics and stable income sources. Public logistics information portal is more open and serves organizations, and its sources are diversified afterwards. 1. About the closed platform system: the closed platform is attached to offline entities and provides closed information services within or between organizations. The main representatives of this model are: electronic port system, logistics raw material supervision system and trade distribution center trading system. The closed platform system has a specific mass user group, serving the transfer object, and there is no market competition between different platform systems. The closed platform system has a stable mode and a specific target service group.
Second, about public logistics information portal: As a platform model, public logistics information portal is a portal logistics information platform with high openness. At the same time, the service scope tends to be more diversified, and a wider range of information interaction has been improved. The main representatives of this model are: Farah. Com, Jincheng Logistics King, Fuzhou Port Logistics Information Platform, Nanchang Logistics Information Platform. There are two different value trends of public logistics information portal: one is the non-profit-oriented public welfare information portal invested by the government, and the other is the profit-oriented information portal invested by enterprises, with obvious market competition. Its business model will continue to change and develop in a diversified direction.
Logistics information platform consists of the above two main forms.