The Jin Dynasty was a dynasty established by the Jurchen nationality in the history of China. The Jurchen nationality was originally a vassal state of the Liao Dynasty, and the leader of the Jurchen nationality, Jin Taizu Yan Hong Akuta, established its capital in Huining Prefecture (now Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province) on115438. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Jin Dynasty made an alliance with the Northern Song Dynasty, declared war on the Liao Dynasty, and destroyed Liao in 1 125 and the Northern Song Dynasty in1/27. Moving the capital to Zhongdu, it owns North China and Central China to the north of the Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River, making the Southern Song Dynasty, Xixia and Mobei Tatar and Kelie tribes submit and dominate East Asia. During the period of Jin Shizong and Jin Zhangzong, the political culture of the Jin Dynasty reached its peak, but it gradually declined in the middle and late period of Jin Zhangzong. 1234, the Jin Dynasty perished under the attack of the Southern Song Dynasty and Mongolia.
Song Dynasty (960- 1279) is an era in the history of China, which is divided into Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin, the general of the later Zhou Dynasty, was awarded the yellow robe to establish the Song Dynasty. Song Zhenzong and Song Renzong entered a prosperous time, and the centralization of power was strengthened in the early Northern Song Dynasty, which solved the problem of separatist regime in the buffer regions. 1 127 years, nomadic people invaded the south on a large scale, which caused the shame of Jingkang and the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou moved south to establish the Southern Song Dynasty. In the late period of the anti-Mongolian war, the Yuan Army occupied Lin 'an on 1276. 1279, the 8-year-old emperor Zhao Min jumped into the sea and died. After the Hanshan naval battle, the Song Dynasty was completely destroyed. The Song Dynasty lasted for 320 years, which was an era of high prosperity in economy, culture, education and scientific and technological innovation in the ancient history of China. During the Song Dynasty, China's GDP accounted for 60% of the world, ranking first in all previous dynasties. During this period, Neo-Confucianism appeared, science and technology advanced by leaps and bounds, and politics became more open and honest. In the four years of Daguan (110), the population was1012.75 million. There are not a few western and Japanese historians who believe that the Song Dynasty was the Renaissance and economic revolution in China's history. Song Dynasty was the golden age in China's history.