Wujun (Southern Dynasties)
Seeing smoke coming out of the mountain,
Peeking at the sunset in the bamboo forest.
Birds fly to the eaves,
Clouds floated out of the window.
The poem describes the poet's interesting life in the mountains: surrounded by mountains, bamboo trees are flourishing, birds are flying on other people's eaves, and clouds are floating outside the window. This kind of seclusion exhausted the dust of the world and expressed the poet's comfortable and leisurely mood casually and vividly. The whole poem is only four short sentences, one sentence and one scene, but each sentence is inseparable from the theme of "in the mountains", which is a common phenomenon in quiet mountains. When the sun sets, you can only see the oblique glow of its veins in the cracks of the bamboo forest, indicating that the bamboo forest is dense and lush, and the first two sentences of the fun in the mountains have been heard. Birds come and go on the eaves, and white clouds pass through the window, all of which show that the poet's place is high and steep, and he is pruning bamboo in the Woods.
House of Bamboo
Wang Wei
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
Translation:
On a moonlit night, I sit alone in a quiet bamboo forest and occasionally play the piano or whistle. The bamboo forest is deep and unknown, but it is accompanied by the bright moon, so I take photos frequently.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This is a poem describing the hermit's interest in leisure life. Poetry uses words to create language and scenery (secluded, deep forest and bright moon), while writing people (sitting alone, playing the piano and whistling) is extremely unremarkable. However, its beauty lies in its natural and simple style, which depicts the fresh and attractive artistic conception of the secluded forest on a moonlit night, blends the scene into one, contains the special artistic charm of beauty, and has become a masterpiece through the ages. Playing the piano and whistling reflects the silence of the bamboo forest on a moonlit night, and the darkness of the deep forest is reflected by the light and shadow of the bright moon. The surface seems dull and seemingly casual, but in fact it is ingenious.
Mount Emei Yuege
Lipper
Emei Mountain is half moon and autumn,
Shadow into the Pingqiang River.
At night, Qingxi flows to the Three Gorges.
Yuzhou can't see you.
Brief analysis:
This is a poem that young Li Bai attached to his hometown landscape when he left Sichuan for the first time. The poet walks on the water by boat. On the boat, he saw a semicircle of autumn moon spit out from the tip of Mount Emei. The shadows of the mountains and the moon are reflected in the Pingqiang River, and the moon has been flowing with the river. In the evening, the ship set out from Qingxi Station and sailed for the Three Gorges. After the ship arrived in Yuzhou, the moon was covered by high mountains. This poem uses five place names and shows a map of Shu River thousands of miles away through mountains, moons and rivers.
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( 1)
This poem is about homesickness, and the title is "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night". Obviously, this poem was aroused by the flute. In the title, "Los Angeles" indicates the place of residence, and "Spring Night" indicates the season and specific time. Start by playing the flute, and then write. It is already late at night, and it is difficult for the poet to fall asleep. Suddenly, there were several intermittent flutes. The sound of the flute immediately touched the poet's wandering feelings. The poet didn't smell the flute, but said it was "secretly flying" and changed the object to the subject. The word "dark" is the key. Note that economists often ignore this word. The late Mr. Shen Zufen said: "...' Whose is it' and' the sound of dark flying', write down the mental state when you smell it, first hear the sound of flying, and trace where it came from, but I don't know who blew it and where it came from, so it is said to fly out secretly." (A brief interpretation of seven Tang poems) is an understanding. Because I don't know where the flute comes from or who the piper is, it is very correct to write the word "dark". The word "darkness" here has multiple meanings. The main point is that the flute was sent secretly, as if it was specially flown to people who were away from home, so as to move them and to leave their sorrow and hate. The whole sentence shows a difficult mood, the so-called subjective writing is objective. In addition, "dark" has intermittent and vague meanings, which is consistent with the situation of poetry. "Whose family" means we don't know whose family. "Who" and "Dark" take care of each other. The second sentence deliberately exaggerates the flute sound, saying that it "scatters into the spring breeze" and "fills Los Angeles", as if it were everywhere, everywhere. This is naturally an extreme exaggeration of your subjective feelings. The word "three" is used well "San" is unified, all over the body. The flute "scatters into the spring breeze", which spreads everywhere, neither east nor west, nor south nor north. That is, it is the preset point of the word "person" in Romance; The word "full" comes from the word "scattered", and the two are closely related.
Why do poets who smell flutes touch homesickness? In the third issue, I wrote the song "Folding Willow". The ancients folded their willows when they bid farewell, hoping that their loved ones would return to fold their willows. It is said that "Liu" and "Li" are homophonic, so it is a farewell gesture to fold the willow. Chang 'an Baqiao Bridge is a famous farewell place, or the willow trees in Yun Qi were completely broken for farewell. The song "Broken Willow" is a sad farewell, and its voice is sad and bitter. At the end of Taikang in Jin Dynasty, the song of "breaking willow" was popular in Luo Jing, and there was a word of "bitter struggle". The Song of Folding Willow in the Northern Dynasty said: "When you get on the horse, you don't catch the whip, but you are against Yang Liuzhi; Sitting on the flute, worried about killing the traveler. " Probably all the lyrics are written according to the meaning of the song. Therefore, when the poet heard this song, he was homesick. Generally speaking, people who have lived abroad for a long time have nothing to do during the day, but it is easy to miss their hometown at dusk. People are often sentimental in spring and autumn. Folding willow is the crowning touch of the whole poem, that is, the meaning of "smelling flute" In a few words, the poet's own feelings come from others. Emphasizing "this night" is to talk to all people living in Luoyang city and put on airs to sum up the sentence "Who can't stand homesickness". This is the deduction of subjective feelings, not to say "I", but to see the deep affection and homesickness of "I".
Li Taibai's style, that is, his subjective tendency in artistic expression, can be shown in just seven quatrains.
Cen Can, who has participated in two competitions, has a profound experience of military life and a careful observation of the exotic scenery of frontier fortress, so he has created many popular frontier fortress poems. His frontier poems express the lofty aspirations of making contributions, reflect the heroic and hard life of soldiers and depict the beautiful scenery of frontier fortress. Cen Can's poems inherited and developed the tradition of Han Yuefu, and he was good at writing seven-character poems. His poems are rich in imagination, colorful and passionate, with peculiar artistic charm and unique artistic style. There are 360 "Cenjiazhou Collection".
In the eighth year of Tianbao, that is, in 749 AD, Cen Can made his first mission to the Western Regions, Gao Xianzhi was sent to North Korea by Anxi Four Towns, and Cen Can was called to join the army, serving as the secretary of the right guard and becoming our time. This article was written on the way to the frontier. It is about the homesickness caused by meeting an envoy who returned to Chang 'an during the journey.
"Far East of Hometown" is about the actual feelings in front of us. The poet has left his hometown for many days and is on his way to the western regions. Looking back at Chang' an, the hometown of the East, it is of course a long way, and the feeling of missing can't help but attack my heart, and the feeling of homesickness is hard to recover. "Hometown" refers to my home in Chang 'an. "Looking east" means pointing out the location of Chang 'an.
"The tears of the two sleeves are dry" means that the tears of homesickness can't be wiped away, so that both sleeves are wet, but the tears just can't stop. This sentence expresses the feelings of missing relatives with exaggerated rhetoric, and also lays a high foundation for the following writing to bring a book home to "report peace".
"There is no pen and paper when we meet, and there is news from you when we report peace." These two sentences are about the situation that you met an emissary in Beijing and wanted to take a book home to report peace, but there was no pen and paper. They were completely anxious to see the traveler at once, and they behaved very vividly. When we meet, we can't write letters without pen and paper. Please send me a safe message to my home! Cen Can came here with the ambition of "seeking fame only once". At this time, the mood is complicated. On the one hand, he has tenderness and homesickness for the imperial city, on the other hand, he also shows the poet's open and heroic mind.
The language of this poem is simple and natural, as if it came out casually, especially the scene where the last two sentences meet immediately. Full of rich frontier life breath, the lens is focused and clear, just like a close-up of a film and television. It is both interesting and human, fresh and lively, with endless aftertaste.
Appreciation of Wei's Xixi Chuzhou
Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees.
The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.
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This is a famous landscape poem and one of Wei's representative works. This poem was written in the second year of Jianzhong in Tang Dezong (78 1), and the poet became the secretariat of Chuzhou. The Tang Dynasty ruled Chuzhou, which is now Chuxian County, Anhui Province, and Xijian was in the western suburbs of Chuzhou City. This poem is about a trip to Xijian in spring to enjoy the scenery and a trip in the evening rain. Poets write scenes with feelings. They use scenes to express their feelings, write about their likes and dislikes, and talk about their comfortable and uncomfortable situations, but their inner peace and emotional sadness naturally show up. However, whether there is sustenance in poetry and what is its significance have been debated endlessly. Some people think that it is the thorn of "the gentleman is next, the villain is above"; Some people think that "there is no need to entrust the scenery of Xixi to this couple." In fact, each has its own bias.
In the first two sentences of the poem, in the prosperous spring scenery, the poet loves the solitary grass by the ravine, but has no intention of singing attractive orioles on the deep trees, so it sets off the contrast. When the grass is poor and sober, and the oriole is tall and flattering, its metaphor for the official world is obvious, which clearly shows the poet's calm mentality. The last two sentences, the late tide and spring rain, the water is more urgent. The rural ferry, originally there were not many pedestrians, is even more deserted at the moment. So, even the boatman disappeared, and the empty ferry floated freely and carefree. Because the ferry is in the countryside, nobody cares. If you are in Jin Yao, the tide will rise in the evening rain, which is just the time when the ferry comes in handy. You can't be idle. Therefore, in this leisurely scene of water crossing the boat, there is a kind of helplessness and sadness that is not in place and not used. In the first two sentences and the last two sentences, the poet used contrast techniques and emphasized them with striking words such as "pity", "urgency" and "horizontal", which should be said to be thought-provoking.
From this perspective, this poem is entrusted. However, why do poets have such sustenance?
In the early middle Tang Dynasty, Wei was an incorruptible poet and a good official who cared about people's livelihood. During his career as an official, he was "ill, thinking of his home in the country, embarrassed to get paid, and many people were idle" (To My Friends Li Dan and Yuan Xi), and he was often in the contradiction between being an official and retiring. He was worried about the political failure in the middle Tang Dynasty and felt guilty about the poverty of the people. He is unwilling to reform, but he is powerless to reform. He was in a dilemma and had to let nature take its course. Zhuangzi said: "Those who are smart and know are worried; Incompetent people want nothing but food and travel. If you don't tie the boat, you will do it in vain. " ("Zhuangzi. Lie Yu Kou) Wei has a deep understanding of this. He once made it clear that he is "a boat with a leaf that is not tied to his heart" ("Going from the public to the Yellow River and sending friends to the county"), saying that although he is worried about knowing, he is ashamed of incompetence, so his career is like a wanderer, doing nothing and being at ease. In fact, Xixi Chuzhou is to express such a contradictory and helpless situation and mood. I want to retire, so I pity the grass alone; Do nothing, just kick down the ladder. Therefore, this poem reveals a calm mind and sad feelings.
It is true that it is good to say that it is popular, but it boils down to mocking "the gentleman is next and the villain is above", which is also rigid; To say that accidental scenery has no sustenance is to separate poetry from people and become superficial, which is not in line with the poet's original intention. Therefore, instead of appreciating strangeness, it is better to analyze doubts and learn from others.