Appreciate lotte and praise the old.
Liu Yuxi [Tang Dynasty]
People who don't care about the old have compassion when they are old.
The body is thin and the frequency is reduced, and the hair is thin and the crown is self-biased.
Waste books cherish eyes, and moxibustion is mostly for years.
Classics are still familiar things, and people are like reading Sichuan.
It's lucky to think about it carefully, but it will succeed next time.
Don't say Sang Yu is late, because it is still full of clouds.
Translation:
People who are not afraid of aging, who will be poor when they are old?
The body is getting thinner and thinner, the belt is getting tighter and tighter, the hair is scarce, and the hat is always tilted to one side.
I no longer read books and cherish my eyes, and I often use moxibustion because I am old and weak.
The experience of the world is broad, and the experience of life is like a river of water.
When you think about it, being old also has a good side. If you overcome the worry about old age, you will feel carefree and carefree.
Don't say it's getting late at sunset. Although it is the afterglow flowing through Sang Yu, it can still be turned into a sunset glow, which is beautiful all over the sky.
Precautions:
Reward Lotte: Write poems to reward Bai Juyi.
C: Thinking is thinking.
Pity: pity, cherish.
Belt: belt.
Frequency reduction: multiple contractions.
Crown: hat.
Scrap book: leave the book, which means not to read it.
Moxibustion (jiǔ): Moxibustion, burning moxa sticks at acupoints. A treatment method of traditional Chinese medicine.
Over the years: to meet the needs of old age and physical decline, here refers to prolonging life.
Familiarity (ān): Familiarity.
Reading people is like reading Sichuan: it means experiencing life like a river of water. The language comes from Lu Ji's "Regret for the Past": "Sad husband, Sichuan reads water into Sichuan, and the water is surging every day. People in the world are the world, and people go to Ran Ran. " Read and experience.
Fortunately, luck extends to the advantage.
Next: it refers to changing anxiety about aging. Down, down, is equal to say "solve" and "understand". This refers to "providing for the aged", anxiety and worry about aging.
Xiāo: Free and carefree.
Sang Yu: At sunset, the light shines on the tops of mulberry trees, indicating sunset. Metaphor in old age; Old age.
Xia Guang: Xia Guang, this refers to the sunset glow.
Appreciate:
This poem illustrates the author's point of view. The author thinks that although some people are old and thin, their eyesight is weak and they are ill, they also have the advantages of being experienced, knowing how to cherish time and being self-motivated. If we think about this point seriously and comprehensively, we can establish a correct view of the elderly, get rid of the emotion of sighing for the elderly and make a difference. The whole poem expresses Liu Yuxi's sober and optimistic understanding of life and death, which shows that he can treat life positively with a materialistic attitude under any circumstances. The phrase "Sang Yu is late, but it is still full of sunshine" is deeply appreciated by people and has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
The first six sentences of the poem are based on Bai Juyi's original singing, which shows that Bai Juyi's views on "old" are quite consistent. It is human nature to write a sentence or two about "providing for the aged". Everyone is worried about aging, and no one is pitiful when they are old. Then four sentences further explain the reason for "supporting the elderly". The poet described it in vivid language: because of aging, the body is getting thinner day by day, the belt is tightening constantly, the hair is thinning gradually, and the hat is naturally skewed. Abandoning books is to protect eyes; Moxibustion is often used to prolong life.
The sentence "I am familiar with what I have learned ..." talks about the view of "old" from another aspect, which is aimed at Bai Juyi's "hurting old". Liu Yuxi believes that the old one has its shortcomings, but it also has its strengths. The weakness of the elderly is infirmity. "He is thin, his hair is sparse, and his hat is off-center." The old man's strength is his rich experience. "Experience is still familiar, reading people like reading Sichuan." The older you get, the more things you experience, the more things you know, and the more people you meet, the deeper your experience will be. Come to think of it carefully, this is also a blessing. Therefore, the poet sang, "It will naturally rain here." The poet advised his friend not to worry too much about aging, but to be happy if he treated it correctly.
The last two sentences are the crowning touch of the whole poem, with beautiful artistic conception. The momentum is unrestrained, and Cao Cao is "an old horse crouching and aiming at a thousand miles." The martyr's later years were full of courage. In the face of aging, the poet is neither negative nor pessimistic. He should spend his whole life scattering red clouds all over the sky. These two poems are not only the self-disclosure of the poet's inner world, but also the relief and encouragement to his old friend Bai Juyi.
The first paragraph and the second paragraph of this poem are contradictory, natural, dialectical and persuasive. The last two sentences are particularly incisive. In fact, they are cautionary words, which are used by later generations to encourage themselves.
Yat sen villa
Li Shangyin [Tang Dynasty]
A person lives in seclusion, overlooking the city, spring is gone, summer is clear.
The grass was drowned by the rain and finally got the love of God. The rain was sunny.
Climbing on the high shelf, overlooking the distance, the sky is high and the afterglow of the sunset passes through the window lattice.
Birds' nests have been dried, and their bodies are light again.
Translation:
A person lives a secluded and quiet life, overlooking the city. Spring has passed, just in early summer.
God pity the grass in the secluded place, but pity the world in the evening.
After a storm comes a calm, pavilion Gao Lan, the line of sight is farther. The afterglow of the sunset flashed a ray of light through the low window.
The nest of the southern bird has dried up, and it flies very lightly when it returns to its nest at night.
Precautions:
Jiacheng: a winding city outside the city gate.
Excellent grass: grass in the dark.
And: more. Singing: refers to the pavilion where the poet lives. Tim: Gao Yuan.
Micro-note: We say "micro-note" because the light is weak and the twilight is soft.
Vietnamese bird: the bird of the south.
Appreciate:
It may not be too difficult to describe the scenery of yat sen villa in detail, but if the poet's unique feelings and mood are to be integrated into the description of the scenery, especially if he does not reveal a positive attitude towards life, so that readers can be inspired ideologically, this requires the poet to "go up a storey still higher" in his ideological realm and artistic skills.
"Deep in the city, spring and summer are still clear." The first pair of couplets means that a person lives a quiet life in seclusion, overlooking the city, and goes to Xia Qing in spring.
The first couplet said that he lived in seclusion, overlooking Jiacheng (Qucheng outside the city gate), and the season was early summer in Qinghe. At first glance, it seems irrelevant, and the upper and lower sentences are not related. In fact, the "deep house" overlooking the city is the foothold overlooking yat sen villa, and the quiet early summer further points out the specific season of yat sen villa, which can be said to concretize the poem from two aspects: time and place.
"God has pity on the grass, and the world is sunny." Turning lotus means that the grass is flooded by rain, and finally it gets the love of God, and the rain clears up.
It was rainy in early summer, especially in Lingnan (at this time, the poet was working in Zhengya shogunate in Guilin). After a long rain, it cleared up, and in the evening, everything suddenly became clear and people's spirit was completely new. This kind of sight and feeling is familiar to ordinary people. The poet's uniqueness lies in that he does not write the scene of yat sen villa in general, nor does he describe it in detail, but writes his understanding and feelings about yat sen villa from the grass that grows unnoticed in the dark. The grass, which has been tortured by rain for a long time, suddenly meets the sunset and bathes in the afterglow of the sunset, increasing business. When the poet touched the scene, he suddenly had the whimsy of "God's will pity the grass". This makes this common grass actually personalized and gives people rich associations. The poet himself had a similar fate, so he naturally found himself in the grass. Here is the poet's life experience. While he was gratified by his current fortune, he unexpectedly showed his sadness about the bad luck in the past, which naturally led to the "reunion of sunny days on earth" and gave "Yat Sen" a special meaning in life. Yat sen villa is beautiful, but short-lived. But the poet doesn't care about its brevity, but only emphasizes "emphasizing the sunset". From here, we can experience a feeling of cherishing beautiful and ephemeral things and a positive and optimistic attitude towards life.
"Add a high shelf and micro-note a small window." Tie means that when you climb the high pavilion and overlook the railing, the sky is wide and the afterglow of the sunset Ran Ran passes through the window lattice.
The parallel couplets are vague, comprehensive and deeply entrusted, and the necklaces turn to yat sen villa paintings. In this way, reality and density alternate with each other, and poetry appears relaxed, dull and monotonous. After the rain, the clouds cleared away, and with Gao Lan overlooking, the line of sight was even farther away, so it was said that "a shelf was added" (this shelf is the pavilion where the poet lived). This sentence is written from the side and the scenery is written from the inside out. The afterglow of the sunset streamed down the small window, bringing a ray of light. Because it is a twilight scene, the light is weak and soft, so it is called "micro-note" Nevertheless, the afterglow of this pulse still brings joy and comfort. This couplet writes a clear and happy state of mind through a detailed description of the evening scene.
"After the bird's nest is dry, the flying body is lighter." The tail joint indicates that the Vietnamese bird's nest has been dried and its posture has recovered lightly.
At the end of the couplet, the bird returns to its nest with a light and agile posture. This is what you can see from a distance. The return of birds usually touches the traveler's mind, but it has become a foil to the happy sunshine mood here. What is written here is that birds return to their nests, indicating their own situation. If "Youcao" is a symbol of the poet's humble and difficult life experience, then "Moonbird" seems to be the embodiment of the poet's refreshing eyes.
Here, I want to explain something about the author before and after he entered Guimu. Since Li Shangyin's adoption in 838, Wang Maoyuan (regarded as the Li Party) has fallen into the narrow valley of party struggle and has been hated and excluded by the Niu Party. Xuanzong succeeded to the throne, and the Niudang dominated the state affairs, which made the situation even worse for him. He had to leave Chang 'an and follow Zheng Ya to Guilin as an adjutant. Zheng Ya trusts him. He can feel some warmth in the curtains. At the same time, leaving Chang 'an, the vortex of party struggle, can temporarily avoid the supercilious look of the Niu Party, which is also a kind of spiritual liberation. Because of this, there is a feeling in the poem that the grass meets the sunset and the birds return to the nest.
As a poem with meaning, the writing of Yi Xian Qing is closer to "Xing" consciously or unconsciously, so it is particularly natural and has no trace.
Creative background:
Since Li Shangyin married Wang Maoyuan (regarded as the Li Party) in 838 AD (three years after his birth), he has been caught in the narrow valley of party struggle and has been hated and excluded by the Niu Party. He had to leave Chang 'an and follow Zheng Ya to Guilin as an adjutant. Leaving Chang 'an, the vortex of party struggle, is a kind of spiritual liberation. This poem was written against this background.