Traditional engineering project information communication consumes a lot of resources. For example, the American construction industry spends $500 million on FedEx every year. The cost of project shutdown and rework caused by information communication problems far exceeds this figure. According to foreign statistics, in large-scale construction projects, engineering changes and errors caused by project information communication problems account for about 3% ~ 5% of the total project investment. Some analysis reports even think that two-thirds of the problems in traditional construction projects are related to project information communication.
Pip project information portal
The concept of project information portal
Portal is a widely used term in the Internet age. Generally speaking, a portal is an application or device, which provides a personalized interface and can discover, track and interact with people, applications and information. According to the different contents and tools provided, we can divide the portal into four levels: information portal, collaboration portal, professional portal and knowledge portal. Information portal can be further divided into public information portal, enterprise information portal (EIP) and project information portal (PIP). Public information portal mainly refers to some websites that provide public information services on the Internet, such as Yahoo, Sina and some industry information websites. Enterprise information portal focuses on enabling employees, users and partners to enjoy and utilize the information in the enterprise from a single channel.
PIP is a project information portal, which is developed on the basis of PSWS project-specific website. It is a single portal for all project participants to obtain personalized project information on the Internet platform, and its foundation is to centrally manage the information and knowledge generated by all project participants in the whole project life cycle. Its purpose is to provide an efficient information exchange and cooperation environment for all project participants. The schematic diagram of the project information portal is shown in figure 1. The whole project life cycle includes decision-making period, implementation period (design, construction and preparation before use) and operation period. Project participants refer to government departments, owners, design, construction, supply, management, property and other organizations and individuals related to the project, and can communicate and work together through the project information portal.
Characteristics of project information communication based on PIP
(1) Centralized storage and management of project information. Different from the traditional decentralized storage and management of project team information, the information generated and used in the whole project life cycle is stored in the project information base on the Internet.
(2) The single entrance of information has changed the traditional way of information exchange in peer-to-peer projects. Due to the centralization and sharing of information communication, the efficiency of information communication is greatly improved and the cost of project information communication is reduced. It improves the stability, accuracy and timeliness of project information communication.
(3) The usability and reusability of information are improved. Using PIP system as a way to obtain project information, users of project information can obtain information at any time and any place, which gets rid of the limitation of time and space for direct communication and improves the reusability of information.
(4) The acquisition and utilization of project information has changed from passive to active. Information acquirers can pull information according to the needs of business processing and decision-making, thus alleviating the phenomenon of "information overload" caused by a large amount of information pushed to decision makers in the past.
Reorganization of engineering construction process
Building process reengineering (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) is not a brand-new concept. It can be said that it is the extension and application of BPR in the field of engineering construction, so the understanding of BPR should be based on the understanding of business process reengineering.
Business Process Reengineering and Engineering Construction Process Reengineering
Business process reengineering was first put forward by MichaelHammer and JameChampy in America. It emphasizes taking business process as the object and center of transformation, taking care of customers' needs and satisfaction as the goal, and fundamentally rethinking and completely redesigning existing business processes. Mainly through the use of advanced manufacturing technology, information technology and modern management means, the functional integration of technology and management is realized to the maximum extent, so as to break the traditional functional organizational structure and establish a brand-new process-oriented organization structure, so as to greatly improve the cost, quality, service and speed of enterprise management. Its reorganization mode is: centering on workflow, breaking the pyramid-shaped organizational structure, making enterprises adapt to the high efficiency and fast pace of the information society, suitable for employees to participate in enterprise management, achieving effective communication from top to bottom, with strong adaptability and greater flexibility.
Although engineering construction process reengineering is the product of BPR application in the field of engineering construction, due to the particularity of the construction industry itself, the engineering construction process is very different from the business process of general manufacturing industry. The fluidity and complexity of the production of building products make the building process temporary, dynamic and multi-organized. A project construction process is often completed with the cooperation of multiple participating units, involving owners, developers, design units, construction units, consulting units, suppliers and other different interest groups and individuals. These organizations get together temporarily under the same goal of completing the project construction process and play different processing functions, so the difficulty of information communication and collaborative work between them is obviously increased, and the problem of insufficient communication has been puzzling the project construction process. Therefore, under the guidance of the idea of process reengineering, the focus of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is to enhance the information communication and collaborative work ability between participating organizations and professionals, and finally realize the system integration and information integration of the whole engineering construction process on the premise of process optimization.
Engineering Construction Process Reengineering Based on PIP
The application of project information portal in engineering construction has changed the way of information sharing and communication in engineering construction, thus exerting a subtle influence on the traditional organizational structure, organizational process and even organizational culture. Due to the centralized storage and sharing of information, the phenomenon of layer-by-layer transmission of information in traditional engineering construction has changed, and the organizational form of engineering construction tends to be flat, as shown in Figure 2. Research shows that information sharing will help to form an organizational culture of cooperation and sharing. From this point of view, the project information portal will become a catalyst for organizational change, and its application makes it possible to form a more efficient project management organization form and process. The result of its wide application is the bottom-up reform and reorganization of the organization.
An example of construction process reengineering based on project information portal
The focus of construction process reengineering is the process reengineering of construction process, which mainly describes the existing construction process, analyzes the existing problems, and then gives the diagnosis. According to the results of the previous analysis and diagnosis, the existing process is redesigned to make it more reasonable. The following is an example of drawing management process in engineering construction for analysis and redesign.
Workflow of Manual Drawing Management
Analysis and diagnosis of original process
As can be seen from Figure 3, the traditional workflow of drawing management includes five activities: (1) drawing design and review; (2) Drawing signing and review; (3) copy the drawings; (4) proofreading and distributing drawings; (5) Drawing signing and review. Among these five activities, the truly valuable activity is the design and review of drawings, while the copying, distribution, signing and confirmation of drawings are all non-value-added activities. However, these activities are essential in traditional engineering construction, and the fundamental reason is that traditional engineering information exchange is point-to-point communication based on paper media. In this way of communication, the copying and distribution of drawings takes up a lot of time, forming a bottleneck, and because of the cost, the number of copies of drawings is often not enough to cover all departments, so that potential problems can not be eliminated in the design stage, until conflicts arise during the construction process, resulting in the loss of work stoppage and rework.
New technology based on PIP
Through the project information portal system, the designer uploads the completed design drawings to the system server, all participants of the project (supervision and subcontractors/suppliers, etc.). ) you can access the information within your authority at any time and anywhere by logging in to the system, and review the drawings online. The audit opinions will also be fed back to the designers through the system. Because the system has audit function, the activities of all parties involved in the project will be recorded in the system, thus replacing the previous document signing process. The new process model is shown in Figure 4. It can be seen that under the new mode, the designer, supervisor and subcontractor/supplier can work together efficiently and respond to the owner's requirements as quickly as possible. In addition, all kinds of potential problems can be found and solved at an early stage due to full information communication between all parties.
Concluding remarks
Through centralized storage and single entry of information, the project information portal improves the stability, accuracy and timeliness of project information communication, as well as the availability and reusability of information, which provides strong support for engineering construction process reengineering under the Internet environment. Through the project information portal, the construction project has the opportunity to establish a new process-based organizational structure, thus realizing the value-added of the project construction process.
[References]
[ 1] EddyM。 Amtonid Rojas. Songer. network center system
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