Creative background: In the fourth year of Song Dynasty (1037), Wang Anshi lived in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) with his father Wang Yi. Wang Anshi grew up there and has deep feelings for Zhongshan. In the second year of Shen Zongxi Ning (1069), Wang Anshi was appointed as the Deputy Prime Minister. The following year, he was appointed as Zhang Shi (Prime Minister) of Tongping and began to carry out political reform. He was forced to resign as prime minister several times because of the attack of opposition forces. This poem was written in February of the eighth year of Xining (1075), and it was Wang Anshi's second visit to Beijing.
The writing time of boating in Guazhou has long been controversial. Although it is believed that it was written in Wang Anshi's later period, there are three main opinions: ① In the first year of Xining in Song Shenzong (1068), Wang Anshi was called to Beijing as a bachelor of Hanlin, passing through Guazhou; ② In the seventh year of Zong Xining (1074), Wang Anshi returned to Jinling from Beijing for the first time; When passing through Guazhou; ③Xi Ning eight years (1075), Wang Anshi's second visit; What I did when I went to Beijing from Jiangning and passed through Guazhou.