Ji Kang and Guqin Music Guangling San
Ji Kang not only made great achievements in literature and thought, but also left precious wealth for future generations in music.
Ji Kang likes music since he was a child. He has a special affection for music and is extremely talented. Ji Kang's Biography of the Book of Jin said that Ji Kang's "learning can't be closed to the teacher, and learning can't be ignored" has a lot to do with his wild and unconstrained thoughts and unconstrained manners.
Ji Kang can be described as a wizard in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He is good at flute, piano and melody. In particular, his love for piano and music has left a variety of fascinating legends for future generations. According to "Taiping Guang Ji", 317 quotes from "Gui Ling Zhi" say:
Ji Kang was playing the piano under the lamp when suddenly there was a man with a long beard and a black belt, who was very familiar with him. Is to blow out the fire and say, "shame and evil win glory." Try it, dozens of miles away, there is a pavilion called Yuehua. The reason for voting in this pavilion is to kill people. No.3 middle school (Ji Kangzi) is fearless in the heart of No.3 middle school. The first time I saw it, I played the piano first, played an elegant voice, and the air cheered. Zhong San caressed Qin and called, "Who are you?" A cloud; "As an old friend, you didn't stay here. Wen Jun plays the piano, and the music is very harmonious, so I came to listen. It is inappropriate to meet a gentleman, because he died unfortunately and lost his reputation. However, if you love your piano, you should meet each other and not blame. You can make a few more songs. " At noon, it resumed as a festival of playing the piano: "Long time no see, why not come?" What is the plan between the numbers? "But he knocked his head with his hand and said," When you hear the sound of playing the piano, you won't feel enlightened. If the situation is temporary. "Invited with * * *, discuss the interest of the voice, clear words, said," you try it with the piano. "Play straight away, there will be a reference. First of all, it is not as good as it is. Swear to China: Don't teach anyone. Morning language: "Although we met once today, it can last for thousands of years. It's a long time. You can't be disappointed. "
Ji Kang has a very expensive piano. For this piano, he sold it to an old merchant in Dongyang, and asked the minister for a piece of river patrol jade, cut it into thin slices and embedded it on the surface of the piano as a piano emblem. The piano bag is made of jade curtain towel and shrink silk. This piano is priceless. Once, his friend Dan Tao tried to cut the piano after drinking, and Ji Kang threatened his life, which made the rabbit suffer a great disaster.
Ji Kang's four piano pieces, Long Qing, Short Qing, Long Bian and Short Bian, are called "Ji's Four Alleys" and "Nine Alleys" together with Cai Yong's Cai's Five Alleys, which are a famous group of piano pieces in ancient China. Yang Di once regarded playing Jiunong as one of the conditions for getting a bachelor's degree, which shows its great influence and high achievements.
In the face of Sima's dark rule, Ji Kang was filled with indignation. In order to express his resistance, he often fled into the mountains and invited the seven sages of the bamboo forest to travel together. Yuan Yanbo's Biography of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest says: "Uncle Ji tastes mountains and rivers at night, and when he meets mountains, he wears his hair in winter, weaves grass in summer as a dress, plays the stringed piano, and has five tones." It is because of Ji Kang's cynical performance that he has made remarkable achievements in music creation and performance.
Guangling San mentioned above is a large-scale piano music in ancient times, which was published at least in the Han Dynasty. Its content has always been different, but the general view is to associate it with the piano music of Nie Zheng's assassination of korean king. Nie Zheng Stabbed the King of Korea, mainly describes the tragic story that Nie Zheng, the son of a sword maker, stabbed the King of Korea to death in order to avenge his father's death, and then committed suicide. In this regard, Cai Yong's Cao Qin has a detailed description.
The extant spectrum of Guangling San was first found in the Magic Secret Spectrum (1425) compiled by Zhu Quan in Ming Dynasty, which contained subheadings about stabbing Korea, rushing to the crown, getting angry and reporting swords. Therefore, ancient Qin composers stabbed Guangling San and Nie Zheng to death in korean king.
Ji Kang's "Guangling San" is a section of this ancient famous song processed by Ji Kang. In the long-term spread process, it is like a folk song, which embodies the hard work of singers of all ages. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu Liang Ya:
The city sentenced me to the east city, and my attitude remained unchanged. Suoqin plays it. Play Guangling. At the end of the song, he said: "Yuan Xiaoni tried to learn this kind of sketch, but I don't agree with Jingu. Guangling sketch is absolutely out of date!"
It was the Guangling San played by Ji Kang before his death that made this classical piano piece famous all over the world. Guangling San is famous for Ji Kang to some extent. But the so-called "no more than today" does not refer to the tune itself, but mainly reflects Ji Kang's angry words when he was dying. In fact, Qin Le's Guangling San has been preserved by Magic Secret Music.
It is precisely because of Ji Kang's profound musical skills that before his execution, 3,000 students * * * asked Sima to be a teacher, but they were not allowed, so that "a person who studies at home is always miserable" (Book of Jin). Therefore, Ji Kang's name has always been associated with Guangling San.
The total score of Guangling San is forty-five, which is divided into six parts: finger, minor order, major order, orthography, disorder and postorder. Zheng Zheng used to sympathize with Nie Zheng's unfortunate fate; After the affirmative voice, it expressed the praise and praise for Nie Zheng's heroic deeds. Positive voice is the main part of music, which shows the emotional development process of Nie Zheng from resentment to indignation, and profoundly depicts his revenge will of not fearing violence and preferring death to surrender. The whole song always runs through the interweaving, ups and downs, development and changes of the two theme tones. One is the tonal theme of the second paragraph of Zheng Sheng:
The other is the first chaotic tone at the end of the big sequence:
Affirmative tone is mostly at the beginning of a paragraph, highlighting its leading role. Chaos theme is mainly used at the end of the article.